UNWTO Tourism and Small Economies, 2016

Unlocking Tourism

Contribution for

Small Economies

WTO CTD – 33rd Session

Small Economies

12 July 2016, Geneva

Mrs. Zoritsa Urosevic

Representative to the UN at Geneva

World Tourism Organization

[email protected]

mailto:[email protected]







The promotion of responsible, sustainable and

universally accessible tourism.

“The fundamental aim of the Organization shall be the promotion and development of tourism with a view to contributing to development,

economic international peace and understanding,

prosperity”

- UNWTO Statutes -

World Tourism Organization’s Mandate

Two thirds of the activities of the United Nations system take

place in Geneva, making it a key centre of international co-operation

and multilateral negotiation. This is one of the reasons that the city is

often referred to as "International Geneva".

Around 9,500 staff work for the UN family in Geneva, which is the

largest concentration of UN personnel in the world.

Tourism, UN definition for tourism statistics

Source: World Tourism Organization (UNWTO), 2016







Tourism, third export earnings category in 2014

Source: World Tourism Organization (UNWTO), 2016







Why tourism matters?

Tourism in the Global Development Agenda

“130. We emphasize that well-designed and managed tourism can

make a significant contribution to the three dimensions of sustainable

development, has close linkages to other sectors, and can create

decent jobs and generate trade opportunities (…)

131. We encourage the promotion of investment in sustainable

tourism….which may include creating small and medium sized

enterprises and facilitating access to finance, including through

microcredit initiatives for the poor, indigenous peoples and local

communities (…)”

2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development

Target 8.9 – by 2030, devise

and implement policies to

promote sustainable tourism

that create jobs and promote

local culture and products.

Target 12b – develop and

implement tools to monitor

sustainable development

impacts for sustainable that

create jobs, promotelocal

and cultural and prodcuts.

Target 14.7 – by 2030

increase the economic

debenfits to SIDS and LDCs

from the sustainable use of

marine ressources, including

sustainable managment of

fisheries, aquaculture and

tourism







2015 Int. Tourism arrivals - World







2015 Tourism arrivals - World







2015, Highest growth for Carribbean, Oceania, Central America

Tourism towards 2030 trends/projection, World

Inbound tourism by region of destination International Tourist Arrivals, million

Europe

Asia and the Pacific

Middle East

Africa

source: World Tourism Organization (UNWTO) ©

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020 2030

744 mn

204 mn

150 mn

50 mn

61 mn

475 mn

535 mn

248 mn

Americas

149 mn

2025

134 mn

2030, Asia and the Pacific will gain most of the new arrivals

Tourism shares to increase for SEs?

1980 (277 mn)

2010 (940 mn)

2030 (1.8 bn)

Europe

63%

Asia and the

Pacific

8%

Americas

23%

Middle East

Africa 3%

3%

Middle East

6%

Europe

51%

Asia and the

Pacific

22%

Americas

16%

Africa

5%

Africa

7%

Americas

14%

Asia and the

Pacific

30%

Europe

41%

Middle East

8%

Asia and the Pacific, the Middle East and Africa

to increase their shares

…..lack of real data, estimates by WTTC and Oxford Economics

Direct and indirect contribution of tourism to GDP in small

economies and the world in 2013

Source:World Travel & Tourism Council (WTTC).

LDCs and SIDS tourism arrivals in 2015

Source : UNWTO, 2016

LDCS market share in 2015

Source : UNWTO, 2016

Tourism in SIDS – a key sector

UNWTO, 2013 SIDS

OECD - WTO - UNWTO Report Conclusions

• Availability and quality of infrastructure plays a key role for

the development of the tourism sector …

… so does security in destination countries and the

smoothness of visa schemes.

• Major bottlenecks for growth

and for linking with global value chains:

weak business environment,

lack of access to finance and

lack of access to skilled labor

Main operational difficulties for developing country suppliers

in tourism value chains

Source: OECD/WTO/UNWTO Questionnaire 2013.

Methodology for maximizing Sustainable Tourism positive impacts

http://cf.cdn.unwto.org/sites/all/files/docpdf/devcoengfinal.pdf

Analysing needs and defining

the most effective interventions

Uncovering opportunities and the challenges to be addressed

Assessing capacities and skills

required at all levels

Assessing the current state

of affairs within the pillar

Five key pillars of sustainable tourism

1.

Tourism Governan

ce and Policy

2.

Trade, Investment and

Competitiveness

3. Employment, Decent Work, and Capacity

Building

4.

Socio-economic Dimension – Poverty Reduction

5. Sustainability of natural and

cultural environment

Better understanding tourism: UNWTO and DEVCO

Looking at policies framework









Tourism needs prioritized by LDCs (DTIS)

Source: UNWTO-EIF-ITC 2015 desk research of 47 EIF Countries with a DTIS,

based on the Joint UNWTO/EU 'Sustainable Tourism for Development Guidebook' (2013).

UNWTO and ITC, building the new paradigm

Tourism industries Tourism industries

Support Institutions: Ministry of Tourism, Trade, Commerce, Transport, Culture, Interior, Environment etc…

Trade Promotion Organization, Chamber of Commerce; Banks, Licensing, Standards, etc

Goods and Services

related to promotion

Promotional

activities, ICT,

banking, insurance

Communication,

press & media

Travel

organisation and

booking

Accommodation Transportation Food &

Beverage Creative

Industries

Tourism assets

in destination

Leisure,

excursions

and tours

Support

services

In origin and in transit on

the way to and from the

final destination(s)

Internet Travel

Agent

Call

centres

Airline

Companie

s

Tour Operators & Wholesaler

Cars, boats, bikes

rental

Bus CO, trains,

tramways

Taxi Companies

Seas and River Ferry

Informal

transportation

Hotels

Apartments

Guesthouse

Youth hostels

Bars &Restaurants

Night clubs

Fast food

Itinerant food shops

Kiosks

Food souvenirs

Handicrafts and Arts

shops

Creative industries,

music, dance

Artists, performers

etc

Cultural assets: archaeology

communities,

ethnics, museums,

tourism attractions,

intangible cultural

assets (music,

dance, legends,

etc.), festivals, etc

Natural assets:

lakes, rivers, reefs

and mountains,

forests, species of

flora & fauna, etc.

Shows

Tourist guides

organizations

Independent tourist

guides

Tourism Packages

Transports guides

and escorts

Wellness and SPAS

Information centres

Grocery shops/retail

outlet

Laundry

Security and bank

services

Internet cafes

Infrastructure Support

Construction

Material

Energy

Water

Waste

Education

Communications

Public security and

health

Direct eco

no

mic im

pacts

Su

pp

lies – Ind

irect econ

om

ic imp

acts

Involves Ministries

and National

institutions for

management of all

assets

In the destination From origin to destination

Policies, Planning Goods and services

supplies

Supplies, utilities

(PPP)

Site signals

Restoration

Management

Maintenance

Trade Companies

Wholesalers and

single suppliers

Technology

shops/imports

Industrial factories

Oil Station

Equipment and

services for wellness

Goods and services

for guides

Brochures

production

Customs Office

Port Authority

Ministry of Transport

Immigration Agency

Cars, bikes, buses,

boats

Construction & Real Estate

Goods and services suppliers: textile, wood, food, environmental services,

ICT…

Furniture and equipment suppliers, including environmental and res. Efficiency

and ICT equipment

Consumables

Food factories,

producers-rural

areas

Manufactures,

cottage industries

suppliers

Maintenance, Env.

Services

Storage & Distribution

Food and drinks

Handicrafts

suppliers suppliers, Books,

CD’s and DVD

Marketing & Sales

ICT

Value Chain Phases

Tourism Value Chain







Why trade policies matter for tourism?

Source: UNWTO - Based on International Trade Center and World Tourism Organization (2015), Tourism and Trade: A global

agenda for sustainable development, ITC, Geneva







Trade policies have an important role …in building a competitive tourism sector

TRADE SIDE

How can trade ministers ensure that they factor tourism development

priorities appropriately into overall trade policies? • Importance of services trade – an export diversification option for SE

• Understanding the complexity of the sector (eg: imports of goods AND

services in VC for tourism consumption – eg UNWTO-DEVCO Guidebook)

• Good statistics/data on tourism's economic importance

• Tourism included FULLY in national export strategies? Shape better trade

policies, including tourism

• How effectively do trade negotiations actually handle the tourism sector?

Problem of tourism definition under GATS;

• Lack of consultations with tourism sector; Use of checklists to ensure

coverage of linked sectors (VC)







Trade policies have an important role

TOURISM

…in building a competitive tourism sector

SIDE

How can tourism ministers more effectively articulate to trade ministers

the ways in which the trade agenda might better contribute to the

tourism sector competitiveness?

• Shaping better tourism policies, including trade issues…

• Sustain by examples: Eg Visa policies/negotiations, Air transport , Tariffs,

NTMs,SPS…

• GATS: Eg: Human capital – immigration of workers at the destination level

• Tariffs: Eg Value chains/Imports of goods/Green technologies and

expertise leading to green growth)

• Investment/infrastructure







DIALOGUE - tourism and trade

What sorts of inter-governmental mechanisms are needed to ensure

coherence between trade, tourism, investment and development

objectives?

Examples of countries : Joint Tourism and trade portfolios (Australia,

Indonesia); All of Government approach Presidential councils or other

vehicles (Mexico)

• What sorts of mechanisms are needed to help the wide variety of

stakeholders in the tourism sector engage with the inter-related trade and

investment agendas in their national and regional economies?

• Trade/investment association…addressing Tourism and Trade ministries –

joint dialogue, Coalition of Services/Tourism industries

• NGOs promoting environmental protection, gender equality, etc.







A new paradigm for trade and tourism

Trade agreements and the trade negotiating process multilaterally, regionally and bilaterally can

contribute to positive outcomes in terms of tourism export earnings/increasing tourism exports and

building a more inclusive growth.

The new paradigm

• Bringing tourism and trade policy makers together – building better policies

• Creating public private dialogue – increasing competitiveness

• Making the new paradigm a reality , all of government approach with

agencies: (ITC-UNWTO-WTO) as catalyst to build the dialogue, eg:

developing tourism export strategies • Coherent development bringing together all these considerations

• ITC / UNWTO partnership

• Delivering as One for Tourism SCTD (UNWTO-ITC-WTO-UNCTAD…)

• Catalysing more AfT for tourism: more resources for tourism

• Joint advocacy on tourism and trade at global level

On average, 1 € of Value Added in tourism related industries results in

56 % of VA in upsteam industries, distributed as follows

Upstream effects of tourism expenditures, source OECD TiVA







Tourism & Development Assistance 2006-2013

0.09%**

0.4%*

0.7%

Tourism 2006-2013 :

of ODA shares - Official Development Assistance

of AfT shares - Aid for Trade

of OOF shares - Trade-related Other Official Flows

Source:

*WTO/OECD Aid for Trade at a Glance 2015

**OECD/DAC-CRS Creditor Reporting System UNWTO. (2015)

Leading to 2017: Int’l Year on Tourism for Development Partnerships for growth through tourism

2017 declared by the United Nations

International Year of

Sustainable Tourism for Development

This is a unique opportunity to advance the relevance

of our sector in global and national agendas, we invite

you all to engage with UNWTO, make the most of this

opportunity and shine a spotlight on tourism!

Time for Global Action

Additional Ressources

Tourism and

Trade: A global

agenda for

sustainable

development,

ITC, Geneva

Joint OECD-

WTO-UNWTO

monitoring

survey 2013

(partners and

donors

response)

Air connectivity

and its impact

on Tourism in

Asia and the

Pacific,

UNWTO

Tourism,

Investing in

energy and

resource

efficiency,

Chapter two

developed with

the World

Tourism

Organization

Tourism in

Small Island

Developing

States (SIDS),

UNWTO


• More publications :

http://publications.unwto.org

• United Nations World Tourism Organization :

http://www2.unwto.org/facts

• Affiliate Membership :

http://affiliatemembers.unwto.org

• 10Years Framework of Programmes

http://www.unep.org/10yfp/Programmes/ProgrammeConsultationandCurre

ntStatus/Sustainabletourism/tabid/106269/Default.aspx

• Visa facilitation

http://rcm.unwto.org/content/facilitation-tourist-travel

http://publications.unwto.org/

http://publications.unwto.org/




http://affiliatemembers.unwto.org/

http://affiliatemembers.unwto.org/

























Outbound market studies

Forthcoming :

• United States / Canada

• Latina America / Brazil

• Russia and CIS


Outbound market ‘netnographic’ studies

based on the analysis of the blogosphere


Marketing

Handbooks

Forthcoming:

Key

performance

indicators

Health and

medical

tourism


Methodology / Best

Practice

Decision-Making process

of

Meetings, Congresses,

Conventions and

Incentives

Organizers

Exploring Health tourism

(wellness and medical)

to be discussed in

UNWTO

Competitiveness

Committee

and forthcoming round

table


Report prepared for European Commission available

at the Virtual Tourism Observatory at

https://ec.europa.eu/growth/toolsdatabases/

vto/documents?field_type_tid=9040

With RPAP and the Global Tourism Economy Research

Centre (GTERC) in Macau, first issued in 2014, 2015

edition in preparation, available in UNWTO elibrary at

www.e-unwto.org/doi/book/10.18111/9789284416301

Zoritsa Urosevic Representative of the World Tourism

Organization at the United Nations in Geneva

UNWTO

UNWTO Liaison Office

54-56 Rue de Montbrillant

1202 Geneva, Switzerland

Phone : Tel: +41227300273

[email protected]

www.unwto.org


http://www.unwto.org/

UNWTO Tourism and Small Economies, 2016

Economy & Finance

Transcript of UNWTO Tourism and Small Economies, 2016