Unnatural Causes Episode Five: Place Matters 'Why are zip codes and street addressses goog...
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Unnatural CausesEpisode Five: Place Matters
February 16, 2010
Jim Bloyd, MPH
‘Why are zip code and street address good predictors of population health’
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Closing the Gap in A Generation Final Report of the Commission on the Social Determinants of Health (WHO, 2008)
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Resource
• Fairchild et al (2010): The mandate of public health-Can public health promote social, economic and political reforms?
• The ‘New Public Health:’
“The old public health was concerned with the environment; the new is concerned with the individual” Hill (1913)
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ResourceBlack–White Health Disparities in the United
States and Chicago:A 15-Year Progress Analysis (Orsi, et al, 2010)
• Findings: “Overall, progress toward meeting the Healthy People 2010 goal of eliminating health disparities in the United States and in Chicago remains bleak. With more than 15 years of time and effort spent at the national and local level to reduce disparities, the impact remains negligible.”
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‘50’s, 60’s, Chicago and the USA
$1,000,000 per day was estimated paid by blacks in Chicago in 1958 under a racist contract buying system, enriching white slumlords and elite investors. (Satter, 2009)
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Disproportionate effect on communities of color
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Differences in life expectancy across different counties narrow and then widen
Change in County Life Expectancy in 1961–1983 and 1983–1999
1961-1983 Female
1983-1999 Female
Source: Ezatti and others, 2008, PLoS Med 5(4): e66. doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.0050066
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Location of
Grocery Stores: City of
Chicago
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Grocery Stores: 6 counties
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Deaths from Heart
Disease percent and rate range
by town 1999-2001deaths/100,000
population
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Youth hospitalized for
asthma rate per 10,000
people 2003-’05
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Thank you
Cook County Department of Public Health
www.cookcountypublichealth.org
Jim Bloyd, MPH 708-492-2019