Unmanned Aircraft Systems - astm.org UAS Roadmap-1.pdfUnmanned Aircraft Systems A comprehensive...
Transcript of Unmanned Aircraft Systems - astm.org UAS Roadmap-1.pdfUnmanned Aircraft Systems A comprehensive...
Unmanned Aircraft Systems A comprehensive solution
ASTM International is a globally recognized leader in the development of voluntary consensus standards. Today, over 12,000 ASTM standards are used around the world to improve product quality, enhance safety, strengthen market access and trade, and build consumer confidence. We welcome and encourage participation from around the world.
Our leadership in international standards development is driven by the contributions of our members: more than 30,000 of the world’s top technical experts and business professionals representing 140 countries. Working in an open and transparent process and using ASTM’s advanced IT infrastructure, our members create the tools that support industries and governments worldwide.
Through our 150 technical standards-writing committees, we serve a broad range of industries: aerospace, infrastructure, public safety personnel, consumer products and many more. When new industries — like nanotechnology, additive manufacturing and robotics — look to advance the growth of cutting-edge technologies through standardization, many of them come to ASTM International.
Beyond standards development, ASTM offers certification and declaration through our subsidiary, the Safety Equipment Institute, as well as technical training programs and proficiency testing. All our programs complement our standards development activities and provide enterprise solutions for companies, government agencies, researchers and laboratories worldwide.
ASTM International: Unmanned Aircraft Systems – Standards Toolbox
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Technical Committees:
▪ F38 Unmanned Aircraft Systems
▪ E54 Homeland Security Applications
▪ F37 Light Sport Aircraft
▪ F39 Aircraft Systems
▪ F44 General Aviation Aircraft
▪ F32 Search and Rescue
▪ E06 Performance of Buildings
▪ E57 3D Imaging Systems
▪ F15 Consumer Products
ASTM International UAS Portfolio Solutions through Standards
ASTM International’s portfolio of UAS standardization activities extend from the platform and
software needs, operational and use, personnel and maintenance, all the way to user community
applications. With ASTM’s broad sector reach, industry has the ability to leverage UAS expertise and
integrate it into their long-standing and accepted existing procedures.
ASTM’s manned aircraft committees offer a wide selection of standards that can serve as
demonstrated means of compliance to the increasing risk-based regulatory approach of global civil
aviation authorities. Depending on the aircraft category or risk class, our standards offer a selection
of resources to meet your needs.
At the same time, ASTM standards can help you meet local to international codes, insurance policies
or even contractual needs. ASTM standards have commonly been referenced by various regulations
and voluntary programs worldwide. With ASTM standards as the baseline of these various programs
and regulations, industry can rely on one set of procedures across the NAS.
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F38 Unmanned Aircraft Systems
This Committee addresses issues related to design, performance, quality
acceptance tests, operational applications, personnel, and safety monitoring
for unmanned aircraft systems. Stakeholders include manufactures of UAS and
their components, federal agencies, design and maintenance professionals,
commercial services providers, trade associations, financial organizations, and
academia.
Full Listing of Standards and Work Items
F38.01 Airworthiness
Product related – platform, system, hardware, software, devices, components
DESIGNATION TITLE
F2851 Practice for UAS Registration and Marking (Excluding Small Unmanned Aircraft Systems)
F2910 Specification for Design and Construction of a Small Unmanned Aircraft System (sUAS)
F2911 Practice for Production Acceptance of Small Unmanned Aircraft System (sUAS)
F3002 Specification for Design of the Command and Control System for Small Unmanned Aircraft Systems (sUAS)
F3003 Specification for Quality Assurance of a Small Unmanned Aircraft System (sUAS)
F3005 Specification for Batteries for Use in Small Unmanned Aircraft Systems (sUAS)
F3201 Practice for Ensuring Dependability of Software Used in Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS)
F3269 Practice for Methods to Safely Bound Flight Behavior of Unmanned Aircraft Systems Containing Complex Functions
WK16285 Specification for Specification for Design and Performance of an Unmanned Aircraft System-Class 1320 (550# Gross Weight to 1320# Gross Weight)
WK27055 Practice for UAS Remote ID and Tracking
WK53964 Design, Construct, and Test of VTOL
WK52089 Specification for Operation over People
WK56338 Safety of Unmanned Aircraft Systems for Flying Over People
WK59171 SUAS parachutes
WK60936 Acoustic-based Detect and Avoid for sUAS
WK60937 Design of Fuel Cells for Use in Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS)
WK57659 Design, Construction, and Verification of Fixed-Wing Unmanned Aircraft System (UAS) Standard
WK62670 Specification for Large UAS Design and Construction
WK62668 Specification for Detect and Avoid Performance Requirements
WK62669 Test Method for Detect and Avoid
Formed
2003
270
Members
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F38.02 Flight Operations
Operations related – overall & specific operations, situational considerations, scenario based
DESIGNATION TITLE
F2849 Practice for Handling of Unmanned Aircraft Systems at Divert Airfields
F2909 Practice for Maintenance and Continued Airworthiness of Small Unmanned Aircraft Systems (sUAS)
F3178 Practice for Operational Risk Assessment of Small Unmanned Aircraft Systems (sUAS)
F3196 Practice for Seeking Approval for Extended Visual Line of Sight (EVLOS) or Beyond Visual Line of Sight (BVLOS) Small Unmanned Aircraft System (sUAS) Operations
WK60746 Risk Mitigation Strategies per Pathfinder program for sUAS BVLOS Operations (Appendix to F3196)
WK62344 Risk Mitigation Strategies for Package Delivery sUAS BVLOS Operations (Appendix to F3196)
WK28019 Practice for Selecting sUAS Launch and Recovery
WK59317 Vertiport Design
WK# Pending Use Case Scenario – Linear Inspections
F38.03 Personnel Training, Qualification and Certification
Personnel related - Operators, maintenance, instructors, terminology
DESIGNATION TITLE
F2908 Specification for Aircraft Flight Manual (AFM) for a Small Unmanned Aircraft System (sUAS)
WK11425 Practice for Private Unmanned Aircraft System (UAS) Pilot Practical Test Standards for Unmanned Aircraft Single
WK61764 Training for Public Safety Remote Pilot of Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS) Endorsement
WK29229 Guide for Training for Remote Pilot in Command of Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS) Endorsement
WK60659 UAS Maintenance Technician Qualification
WK61763 Guide for Training for Remote Pilot Instructor (RPI) of Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS) Endorsement
WK62416 Terminology for Unmanned Aircraft Systems
WK62744 General Operations Manual for Professional Operator of Light Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS)
WK62733 Practice for Training and the Development of Training Manuals for the UAS Operator
WK62731 Practice for UAS Operator Compliance Audits
WK62730 Practice for UAS Operator Audit Programs
WK62734 Specification for the Development of Maintenance Manual for Lightweight UAS
WK62743 Specification for the Development of Maintenance Manual for Small UAS
WK62741 Guide for Training UAS Visual Observers
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UAS Public Safety Joint Working Group
The ASTM International and NFPA UAS public safety joint working group (JWG) is a collection of experts from the UAS and public safety fields. This JWG was chartered to develop use case scenarios for various operations which are carried out by public safety personnel, including law enforcement, fire fighters, search and rescue, emergency medical services, border patrol. Scenarios covering different environments, events and operational needs are included.
The JWG will leverage the expertise and standards from committees such as NFPA 2400, ASTM F38 Unmanned Aircraft Systems, ASTM E54 Homeland Security Applications and F32 Search and Rescue.
STRATEGY PHASE TASK GROUPS (PRE-DRAFTING)
ASTM/NFPA JWG 1 Use Case Scenario – Accident Reconstruction Mapp
ASTM/NFPA JWG 2 Use Case Scenario – Tactical Operations (Frequency management, communications relay, lost persons)
ASTM/NFPA JWG 3 Use Case Scenario – Lost Persons Search and Rescue
ASTM/NFPA JWG 4 Use Case Scenario – Structural Fire Response
ASTM/NFPA JWG 5 Use Case Scenario – Wildfire Fire Response
ASTM/NFPA JWG 6 Use Case Scenario – Hazardous Chemicals (RR, Pipelines, Powerline, Bridge, Container, Ports, Spills)
ASTM/NFPA JWG 7 Use Case Scenario – Payload Delivery (Ammunition, Comm’s; Medical supply, PFD’s)
ASTM/NFPA JWG 8 Use Case Scenario – Building Safety & Damage Assessment
ASTM/NFPA JWG 9 Use Case Scenario – SAR – (Closed Structures & external environments)
Formed
2017
30
Members
Key Components Mission objectives
Risk Assessment
Environmental Conditions
Cost / Benefits Analysis
Concept of Operations
Maintenance
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E54 Homeland Security Applications
This Committee addresses issues related to standards and guidance materials for homeland security applications with specific focus on infrastructure protection, decontamination, personal protective equipment, security controls, threat and vulnerability assessment, operational equipment and CBRNE sensors and detectors. The work of E54 supports public safety personnel through an MOU agreement with the National Institute of Justice (NIJ). E54’s primary UAS standards works is in subcommittee E54.09 on Response Robots.
Full List of Standards and Work Items
E54.09 Response Robots
Standards for aerial, aquatic and ground response robotic systems with test methods on
platform and personnel performance
DESIGNATION TITLE
E2521 Terminology for Evaluating Response Robot Capabilities
WK58677 Evaluating Aerial Response Robot Sensing: Visual Image Acuity
WK58925 Evaluating Aerial Response Robot Sensing: Visual Color Acuity
WK58926 Evaluating Aerial Response Robot Sensing: Visual Dynamic Range
WK58927 Evaluating Aerial Response Robot Sensing: Audio Speech Acuity
WK58928 Evaluating Aerial Response Robot Sensing: Thermal Image Acuity
WK58929 Evaluating Aerial Response Robot Sensing: Thermal Dynamic Range
WK58930 Evaluating Aerial Response Robot Sensing: Latency of Video, Audio, and Control
WK58931 Evaluating Aerial Response Robot Maneuvering: Maintain Position and Orientation
WK58932 Evaluating Aerial Response RobotManeuvering: Orbit a Point
WK58933 Evaluating Aerial Response RobotManeuvering: Avoid Static Obstacles
WK58934 Evaluating Aerial Response RobotManeuvering: Pass Through Openings
WK58935 Evaluating Aerial Response RobotManeuvering: Land Accurately (Vertical)
WK58936 Evaluating Aerial Response Robot Situational Awareness: Identify Objects (Point and Zoom Cameras)
WK58937 Evaluating Aerial Response Robot Situational Awareness: Inspect Static Objects
WK58938 Evaluating Aerial Response Robot Situational Awareness: Map Wide Areas (Stitched Images)
WK58939 Evaluating Aerial Response Robot Energy/Power: Endurance Range and Duration
WK58940 Evaluating Aerial Response Robot Energy/Power: Endurance Dwell Time
WK58942 Evaluating Aerial Response Robot Radio Communication Range : Line of Sight
WK58941 Evaluating Aerial Response Robot Radio Communications Range: Non Line of Sight
WK58943 Evaluating Aerial Response Robot Safety: Lights and Sounds
WK60210 Evaluating Aerial Response Robot Situational Awareness: Inspect Wires
Formed
2003
380
Members
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F37 Light Sport Aircraft
This Committee addresses issues related to design, performance, quality acceptance tests, and safety monitoring for light sport aircraft (LSA). LSA includes the two categories of aircraft created by the Certification of Aircraft and Airmen for the Operation of Light Sport Aircraft NPRM: (1) special light-sport aircraft (used for personal flight and flight training), or (2) rental and experimental light-sport kit aircraft (any level of kit from zero to 95-percent prebuilt). F37 was formed in response to an FAA Request for Proposal (RFP).
Full List of Standards and Work Items
F37 UAS Related Standards
LSA standards related to structures, systems, powerplant can be used for UAS requirements depending on the risk class.
DESIGNATION TITLE
F2245 Specification for Design and Performance of a Light Sport Airplane
F2483 Practice for Maintenance and the Development of Maintenance Manuals for Light Sport Aircraft
F2840 Practice for Design and Manufacture of Electric Propulsion Units for Light Sport Aircraft
F2745 Specification for Required Product Information to be Provided with an Airplane
F2483 Practice for Maintenance and the Development of Maintenance Manuals for Light Sport Aircraft
F2506 Specification for Design and Testing of Light Sport Aircraft Propellers
F2507 Specification for Recreational Airpark Design
F2538 Practice for Design and Manufacture of Reciprocating Compression Ignition Engines for Light Sport Aircraft
F2563 Practice for Kit Assembly Instructions of Aircraft Intended Primarily for Recreation
F2839 Practice for Compliance Audits to ASTM Standards on Light Sport Aircraft
F2930 Guide for Compliance with Light Sport Aircraft Standards
F2972 Specification for Light Sport Aircraft Manufacturer’s Quality Assurance System
F3205 Practice for Independent Audit Program for Light Aircraft Manufacturers
WK30359 Specification for Light Sport Aircraft Manufacturers Continued Operational Safety (COS) Monitoring Program
▪ FAA NOA Acceptance: https://www.faa.gov/aircraft/gen_av/light_sport/ ▪ EASA CSLSA Acceptance: https://www.easa.europa.eu/certification-specifications/cs-lsa-
light-sport-aeroplanes
Formed
2002
185
Members
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F39 Aircraft Systems
This committee addresses the design, inspection, alteration and maintenance aircraft systems. F39 was formed in response to the FAA's Small Airplane Directorate request for a voluntary consensus standards effort to develop standards addressing general aviation electrical wiring systems. Committee F39 is structured to develop global standards for:
– F39.01 Design, Alteration, and Certification of Electrical Systems – F39.02 Inspection, Alteration, Maintenance, and Repair – F39.03 Design of Avionics Systems – F39.04 Aircraft Systems – F39.05 Design, Alteration, and Certification of Electric Propulsion Systems
Full List of Standards and Work Items
F39 UAS Related Standards
Standards related to UAS depending on the risk class.
DESIGNATION TITLE
F2490 Guide for Aircraft Electrical Load and Power Source Capacity Analysis
F2639 Practice for Design, Alteration, and Certification of Aircraft Electrical Wiring Systems
F2696 Practice for Inspection of Aircraft Electrical Wiring Systems
F2799 Practice for Maintenance of Aircraft Electrical Wiring Systems
F3011 Specification for Performance of Angle of Attack System
F3153 Specification for Verification of Avionics Systems
WK47489 Specification for Design, Performance and Manufacturing of Automatic Pilot System
WK51467 Specification for Quality Assurance for Manufacturers of Aircraft Systems
WK55298 Classifying Alterations for In-Service Aircraft under FAA Authority Oversight
WK47374 Specification for Design and Manufacture of Electric Propulsion Units for General Aviation Aircraft
WK56255 Design of Electric Propulsion Energy Storage Systems for General Aviation Aircraft
▪ Federal Acceptance of F2490 ▪ Federal Acceptance of F2630 ▪ Federal Acceptance of F2696 ▪ Federal Acceptance of F2799 ▪ Federal AoA F3011 Approval
Formed
2004
130
Members
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F44 General Aviation Aircraft
This Committee addresses issues related to design and construction, systems and performance, quality acceptance tests, and safety monitoring for general aviation aircraft. F44 was formed in response to the recommendation of the Part 23 Aviation Rulemaking Committee (ARC). Committee F44 is designed to develop global standards for:
– F44.10 General – F44.20 Flight – F44.30 Structures – F44.40 Powerplant – F44.50 Systems and Equipment – F44.91 Terminology
Full List of Standards and Work Items
F44 UAS Related Standards
Standards related to UAS depending on the risk class.
DESIGNATION TITLE
F3060 Terminology for Aircraft
F3264 Specification for Normal Category Aeroplanes Certification
F3082 Specification for Weights and Centers of Gravity of Aircraft
F3180 Specification for Low-Speed Flight Characteristics of Aircraft
F3115 Specification for Structural Durability for Small Airplanes
F3116 Specification for Design Loads and Conditions
F3061 Specification for Systems and Equipment in Small Aircraft
F3227 Specification for Environmental Systems in Small Aircraft
F3231 Specification for Electrical Systems in Small Aircraft
F3232 Specification for Flight Controls in Small Aircraft
F3233 Specification for Instrumentation in Small Aircraft
F3235 Specification for Aircraft Storage Batteries
WK58700 Electrical Systems for Aircraft with Electric or Hybrid-Electric Propulsion
WK61550 Simplified High Intensity Radiated Field (HIRF) Protection in Level 1 and Level 2 Aircraft
WK52827 Safety Analysis of Systems & Equipment Retrofit in Small Aircraft
WK60748 Application of Systems-Theoretic Process Analysis to Aircraft
WK56374 Aircraft Systems Information Security Protection
WK52829 Simplified Safety Analysis of Systems & Equipment in Small Aircraft
WK55940 Boundary layer control systems in aerial vehicles
WK61549 Indirect Flight Control Systems in Aircraft
WK61232 Low Stress Airframe Structure
WK57818 Aircraft Systems and Structures Interaction
WK59101 Structures, Design and Construction
Formed
2012
290
Members
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F32 Search and Rescue
This Committee addresses issues related to equipment, testing and maintenance, management and operations as well as personnel training and education for search and rescue activities. Historically, F32 efforts have been
focused on wilderness applications, including land, water, ice and underwater search and rescue as well as canine use.
Full List of Standards and Work Items
F32 UAS Industry Related Standards
DESIGNATION TITLE
F3262 Classification System for Small Unmanned Aircraft Systems (sUASs) for Land Search and Rescue
WK54226 sUAS Operations in Search and Rescue Operations
F3222 Terminology Relating to F32 Land Search and Rescue Standards and Guides
F1591 Practice for Visual Signals Between Persons on the Ground and in Aircraft During Ground Emergencies
F1422 Guide for Using the Incident Command System Framework in Managing Search and Rescue Operations
F1583 Practice for Communications Procedures—Phonetics
F3024 Guide for Training of a Land Search and Rescue (SAR) Strike Team/Task Force Leader
F3193 Guide for Training of a Land Search and Rescue Team Leader
F2751 Guide for Training of a Land Search and Rescue Team Member
F2209 Guide for Training of Land Search Team Member
F2685 Guide for Training of a Land Search Team Leader (STL)
F2852 Practice for Training a Land Search Tracker
F3098 Guide for Training of Non-Wilderness Land Search Team Member
F3071 Guide for Basic Wilderness GPS/GNSS Use (GPS/GNSS-IW) Endorsement
F3072 Guide for Intermediate Wilderness GPS/GNSS Use (GPS/GNSS-IIW) Endorsement
F3145 Guide for Swiftwater/Flood Rescue Technician Basic
F2958 Guide for Helicopter Inland Search and Rescue (SAR) Technician
F3026 Guide for Helicopter Inland Search and Rescue (SAR) Crew Chief
F3027 Guide for Training of Personnel Operating in Mountainous Terrain (Mountain Endorsement)
F3028 Guide for Training of Search and Rescue Personnel Operating in the Alpine Environment
F2890 Guide for Hazard Awareness for Search and Rescue Personnel
F1767 Guide for Forms Used for Search and Rescue
WK24699 Guide for Training for Land SAR as a Level I Out-of-Area Disaster Responder
WK25635 Classification for Additional Human Tracker Skill Levels
WK28137 Guide for Minimum Training of Search and Rescue (SAR) Coordinators
WK46279 Guide for Training for Abandoned or Inactive Mine Search and Rescue Team Member Endorsement
Formed
1993
75
Members
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E06 Performance of Buildings
This Committee address issues relating to the performance of buildings, their elements, components, and the description, measurement, prediction, improvement and management of the overall performance of buildings and building related facilities. E06 has 18 technical subcommittees that maintain jurisdiction of over 275 standards. The primary subcommittee address UAS operations related to infrastructure needs is E06.55 Performance of Building Enclosures.
Full List of Standards and Work Items
E06 UAS Industry Related Standards DESIGNATION TITLE
WK58243 Visual Inspection of Building Facade using Drone
WK43980 New Guide for Assessing Building or Structure Designs for Sliding or Falling Ice and Snow Hazard Potential
E2841 Standard Guide for Conducting Inspections of Building Facades for Unsafe Conditions
E2270 Standard Practice for Periodic Inspection of Building Facades for Unsafe Conditions
E1825 Standard Guide for Evaluation of Exterior Building Wall Materials, Products, and Systems
WK62463 Protection of Public and Property During High-rise Construction
E57 3D Imaging Systems
This Committee addresses issues related to 3D imaging systems, which include, but are not limited to laser scanners and optical range cameras (also known as flash LADAR or 3D range cameras). UAS using LIDAR technologies may benefit from E57 methods. Stakeholders include manufacturers, federal agencies, design professionals, trade associations, and academia.
Full List of Standards and Work Items
E57 UAS Industry Related Standards DESIGNATION TITLE
E2807 Specification for 3D Imaging Data Exchange, Version 1.0
E2641 Practice for Best Practices for Safe Application of 3D Imaging Technology
E2919 Test Method for Evaluating the Performance of Systems that Measure Static, Six Degrees of Freedom (6DOF), Pose
E2938 Test Method for Evaluating the Relative-Range Measurement Performance of 3D Imaging Systems in the Medium Range
E3064 Test Method for Evaluating the Performance of Optical Tracking Systems that Measure Six Degrees of Freedom (6DOF) Pose
E3124 Test Method for Measuring System Latency Performance of Optical Tracking Systems that Measure Six Degrees of Freedom (6DOF) Pose
E3125 Test Method for Evaluating the Point-to-Point Distance
WK54684 Measuring System Latency Performance of Optical Tracking Systems that Measure Six Degrees of Freedom (6DOF) Pose
Formed
1993
1300
Members
Formed
2006
65
Members
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F15 Consumer Products
This Committee addresses issues related to standards for several different consumer product categories, including toy safety. Developed by a unique mixture of representatives from industry, government, testing laboratories, retailers and the ultimate consumer, the F15 standards have and continue to play a preeminent role in reducing the number of injuries and death associated with the use and performance of consumer products based on identified hazards.
Full List of Standards and Work Items
F15.22 Toy Safety
Standards could be applied for toy, hobby, or model UAS needs, such as micro-UAS.
DESIGNATION TITLE
F963 Standard Consumer Safety Specification for Toy Safety
Relevant Contacts
Technical Questions Phil Kenul [email protected]
ASTM Programs and Services Christine DeJong [email protected]
F38 Unmanned Aircraft Systems Mary MIkolajewski [email protected]
E54 Homeland Security Applications Mary MIkolajewski [email protected]
F37 Light Sport Aircraft Joe Koury [email protected]
F39 Aircraft Systems Joe Koury [email protected]
F44 General Aviation Aircraft Joe Koury [email protected]
F32 Search and Rescue Tom O’Toole [email protected]
E06 Performance of Buildings Steve Mawn [email protected]
E57 3D Imaging Systems Pat Picariello [email protected]
F15 Consumer Products Len Morrissey [email protected]
Formed
1993
1090
Members
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Additional Resources and Materials
F38 Unmanned Aircraft Systems – News Releases – Launching Drones – Remote Control
E54 Homeland Security Applications – News Releases – The E2458 Protocols: ASTM Standard Details the Collection of Suspicious Powders – Fifteen Years Later – Collaborating for Consensus – Robots to the Rescue – Standards Enable Worker Protection – Homeland Security
F37 Light Sport Aircraft – News Releases – SMEs and Standards
F39 Aircraft Systems – News Releases – Putting the Pieces Together
F44 General Aviation Aircraft – News Releases – ASTM International Standards to Help Certify Small Planes in Europe – The Anatomy of an Aircraft – Advancing Aviation Standards – Small Plane Handling Characteristics and Icing Protection – Technology, Design and Safety for Small Airplanes
F32 Search and Rescue – News Releases – Standards Drive Success in Services Sector – Good Dogs
E06 Performance of Buildings – News Releases – Weathering the Weather – Silent Heroes – Building Facade Inspections
E57 3D Imaging Systems
– News Releases – Working Smart – Consensus Building: Federal Agencies Engage in Standards Development – Standards for the Third Dimension – Better Performance in 3D
Sector Overviews – Safe and Sustainable Highways with ASTM Standards – Additive-Manufacturing – Aviation: Keeping Aircraft Safe – ASTM Construction Standards: Supporting the Building Industry – Consumer Product Standards: Improving People’s Lives