University of · PDF fileUniversity of Oulu 9th October 2017 ... 5G is the first radio...

1 Nokia 2015
Mobile Network EvolutionUniversity of Oulu 9th October 2017
Matti Keskinen
Internal Consultant

2 Nokia 2015
Mobile network evolution from 4G to 5G 5G Standardization status and spectrum 5G Radio and Core (comparative between 4G and 5G) Architecture options
Cellular IoT (Internet of Things)

3 Nokia 2016
Standardization status - 3GPP Timelines
12/2017: Functional Freeze (L1/2)
2017 2018 2019 2020 2021
Rel15 (Phase 1)eMBB, FWALow Latency Communication (LLC) Apps.
Non StandaloneWith EPC(Option 3)
03/2018: Protocol (ASN.1) Freeze
06/2018: Functional Freeze, NG Core
09/2018: Protocol (ASN.1) Freeze
Rel16 (Phase 2)Massive IoTEnhanced LLC Apps
Rel17 Rel18Optimized StandardFull 5G vision> 52GHz
5GTF/KT SIGindustry specs
Pre-standards 5G start
Standards-based 5G mass rollout
First standards-based 5G deployments
Non Standalone& Standalone with 5GC(Options 2/4/5/7)
Expected NW Deployment Timelines
ASN = Abstract Syntax Notation
TF = Technical ForumKT = Korea Telecom

4 Nokia 2016
Chipset and device ecosystem timeline
Public
2017 2018 2019
Pre-standard 5GTF / 5GSIG based
3GPP based
FPGA based CPE and antenna SOC based
solutionsPortable devices
Commercial CPE and antenna
3GPP R15 FPGA based CPE
SOC based solutions
Portable devices
3GPP R16 FPGA based CPE

5 Nokia Solutions and Networks 2014
Stretching urban mobile data speeds
Stretching Hot Spot data speeds
700 MHz
3.6 GHz
eg 1-3 Gb/s over all towns and cities
(mobile Gb/s society)
eg 10 Gb/s at railway stations, airports, sporting events, Factories etc
26 GHz
eg 100% coverage of roads
Stretching reliable coverage (rural) RSPG PIONEER BANDSRSPG = Radio Spectrum Policy Group
5G Spectrum & Bands
High data rates up to 20 Gbps require bandwidth up to 1 GHz which is available at higher frequency bands. 5G is the first radio technology that is designed to operate on any frequency bands between 450 MHz and 90 GHz.
World Radio
Conference
2019
Capacity
Coverage

Nokia engaged in all 5G target spectrum
10 GHz
2 GHz
6 GHz
30 GHz
1 GHz
60 GHz
20 GHz
LTE
100 GHz
802.11ad
802.11ax
802.11ax
Trials in US @39GHzPoC work with DoCoMo @73GHz
DominatesKorea Olympics andpre-standard US trials @28GHz
Japan @4.5 GHz commercialChina, Korea @3.5GHz commercialEurope @3.4-3.8GHz commercial,discussions @700MHz, 2600 Mhz andothers802.11ah
High Band
Low Band
NG ac
5GmmWave
(30-300GHz)
Low Rank MIMO, BF
5G cmWave
(3-30GHz)
Lower Rank MIMO,
BF
5G

7 Nokia 2015
Going towards 5GWhat LTE (4G) is giving to operators

peak
Global subscription evolution per technology
Global LTE subscriber base maximizes benefit of LTE innovations
2G (GSM)4G (LTE)
3G (WCDMA)
CDMA
LTE More subscriptions than 2G
and 3G combined in 2021
WCDMA Expected to be surpassed
by LTE during 2017
GSM Expected to be surpassed
by LTE during 2018
5G new radio Massive subscriber take-up
expected during 2020speak
Subscriptions[Billions]
Source: OVUM, February 2017
Estimations:
1991
2001
2010
1993 5G

From Vision to Reality 1 GB per User per Day
Nokia vision from 2011 1 GB per user per day in 2020
Mobile data in Finland 1 GB per day by end-2017
4800 TB/day (June) with 5.5M population = 0.9 GB/user/day

Global Mobile Data Usage Major Differences Between Markets
USA, Japan
UK, Poland
France, Germany
Finland
Korea
Latvia
Sweden, Austria
Mobile data usage per subscription per month

Global Mobile Data Correlation between Usage and Speed
The countries with the
highest mobile data usage
Finland, Taiwan and
Latvia are just delivering
27 to 33 Mbit/s.
To defend Finland, a
majority of the Finnish SIMs
have unlimited data
volumes, but most
customers have decided
not to pay for full speed

DNA accelerating data usage in Finland
DNA Q1 2017
ELISA Q1 2017
Telia Finland

09/10/201713 Nokia 2014
LTE Data Rate evolution - More Spectrum Means Higher Data Rates
20122013
150 Mbps
20 MHz2x2 MIMO
150 Mbps
10+10 MHz2x2 MIMO
2014
2015
300 Mbps
20+20 MHz2x2 MIMO
450 Mbps
3CA2x2 MIMO
1 Gbps
3-5CA MHz or4x4MIMO
2016
600 Mbps
3CA 256QAM
2017
LTE started with 150 Mbps (Cat 4) with contiguous 20 MHz
Latest devices support already 600 Mbps with 3 Carrier Aggregation
Chip set capability allows 1 Gbps devices by 2017 which requires typically80-100 MHz of downlink spectrum.
xCA Carrier Aggregation, x=number of aggregated carriers
MIMO Multiple Input Multiple Output
xQAMQadrature Amplitude Modulation,
x= number of modulation combinations

14/34 For internal use
2017 Nokia All rights reserved.
5G Evolution Path
600 MbpsIoTPublic Safety
4.5G
1 Gbps LTEUnlicensed
4.5GPro
4.9GLow latencyBeamformingCloud radio
5G
10 Gbps / 1 ms
5G
Today
2017+
2018+
2019+

15
LTE Spectral Efficiency in Live NetworksLarge Number of Live Nokia Networks
We estimate the spectral efficiency
during busy hour in the busy areas
from >80 live networks from the
carried traffic per cell with a few
assumptions
20% of BTS makes 50% of traffic
Busy hour is 7% of daily traffic
Average busy hour load is 70% of
the maximum
No voice impact considered
Average LTE bandwidth 15 MHz
1.7
1.2
0.4
2.56
1.90
0.53
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
Top Top-10% Median
bps/Hz/cell
HSPA LTE
Datarate (Bits/s)
Bandwidth (Hz)Spectral Efficiency =

LTE-Advanced Pro boosts performance to extremes10x Performance for new services
LTE = Releases 8-9
LTE-Advanced = Releases 10-12
LTE-Advanced Pro = Release 13 and beyond
150 Mbps
10 ms latency
10x data rate (32 CAs)
10x battery life
10x lower latency (2&7 Symb.)
10x larger coverage (NB-IoT)
- Massive IoT
- Massive MIMO
- Critical communications:
public safety, intelligent
traffic systems
LTE Release 8 LTE Advanced Pro
10x lower IoT cost
10x more network capacity
New service capabilities

LTE-Advanced Pro Minimizes LatencyBelow 1 ms One-way Delay and Below 2 ms Round Trip Time
14 symbol TTI
7 symbol TTI
2 symbol TTI
1 ms
0.14 ms
10-20 ms
5-10 ms

18 Nokia 2015
.The permission to use the 3GPP 5G logo does not involve or imply any
certification by the Partners in 3GPP or the 3GPP community that the products or
services of manufacturers or service providers actually comply with the 3GPP
specifications. It is intended simply and only to provide a basis of reference for users,
network operators and other manufacturers and service providers.
http://www.3gpp.org/about-3gpp/1824-logo_5g

20 Nokia 2017
New use case opportunities extremely diverse requirements
Smart factories1 PB/day
Devices1.5 GB/day
Autonomous driving 1ms latency
Billions of sensors connected
Design and architecture principles:flexible | scalable | automated | cloud native software centric | dynamic network slicing
100 Mb/swhenever needed
10,000x more traffic

21 Nokia 2017
5G early market use cases
Public
Structural 5G deployment area
5G use case
In-vehicle infotainment
Truck platooningHome
HotspotsHealthcare
Drones
Highwayuse cases
Dedicateduse cases
Dense city areause cases
Public transportuse cases
8K video streaming
Hotspots
EventsIndustry
VR/AR

Nokias 5G market view and derived engagement
20202018 2019 202120172016
5G Fixed Wireless
High capacity and coverage (3-6 GHz)
Ultra High Capacity (>6 GHz)
We will build solutions for all 3 Extreme Broadband markets
Fixed Wireless High Capacity & coverage
Machine communication
Extension of fiber access cm/mmWave e.g. 1GHz BW Line of Sight (LOS)
Megacity capacity densification 3 to 6GHz ~100MHz BW Dense urban grid
Ultra High Capacity
Ultra dense use cases cm/mmWave e.g. 1 GHz
BW
short range, LOS preferable
Markets to develop from 2022
need for coverage layer and
cheap devices
Verticals not expected to be early
adopters for 5G (low expertise)

23
#2 Massive MIMO

University of · PDF fileUniversity of Oulu 9th October 2017 ... 5G is the first radio...

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