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From Plastic Pipes and Bottles to Bioengineering Applications: Fluid-Structure Interaction Procedures for Flexible Systems

Aleksandar KaracAleksandar Karac

Zagreb, June 2007

University CollegeDublin

UNIVERZITET U ZENICI

Mašinski fakultet

2/293rd Progress Meeting

Imperial CollegeOF SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY AND MEDICINE

A. KARAC, From Plastic Pipes and Bottles to Bioengineering Applications ….

FV method

Strongly coupled – interactingSolids relatively flexible: plastic pipelines,containers, tanks/reservoir sloshing, airbags, cardiovascular flows

Coupling schemes in OpenFOAM

Fully coupled – coupledSolid-fluid phase transformations: material processing/forming (moulding, casting, extrusion, welding, …)

Fluid domain

Analysis method

Solid domain

Fluid Analysis

methodSolid domain

+

Two-system approach:

One-system approach:




FV method


C. GreenshieldsH. Jasak H. Weller

START OF TIME STEP

END OF TIME STEP(implicit scheme only)

1. Solve fluid domain (or 3.)

3. Solve structure domain (or 1.)

2. Pass infromation from the fluid to solid domain (or 4.)

4. Pass infromation from the solid to fluid domain (or 2.)

Fluid domain

Analysis method

Solid domain




for(

runTime++, runTimeS++;!runTime.end() && !runTimeS.end();runTime++, runTimeS++

){

# include "moveSolidMesh.H"# include "moveFluidMesh.H"# include "updateInletData.H"

do{

# include "fluid.H"

# include "fluidToSolid.H"

# include "structure.H"

# include "solidToFluid.H"

# include "updateProperties.H"

} while (initialResidualSolid > convergenceToleranceSolid && ++iCorrS < nCorrS);

# include "calculateFields.H"

}

return(0);}

FV method Fluid

domain

Analysis method

Solid domain




FV method



START OF TIME STEP






Fluid domain

Analysis method

Solid domain

- incompressible flow- compressible flow- multiphase flow- turbulance flows- fluid models - mesh motion possibility- .......




FV method



START OF TIME STEP






Fluid domain

Analysis method

Solid domain

- pass tractions (pressure + shear stresses)- one-to-one exchange- exchange via interpolation




FV method



START OF TIME STEP






Fluid domain

Analysis method

Solid domain

- small-strains (total Lagrangean, incremental Lagrangean)

- large-strains (updated Lagrangean; mesh motion)

- material models (elastic, non-linear elastic, elasto-plastic, ...)

- cohesive boundaries to account for fracture




FV method



START OF TIME STEP






Fluid domain

Analysis method

Solid domain

- pass displacement (increments), velocity field

- one-to-one exchange- exchange via interpolation




FV method



START OF TIME STEP






Fluid domain

Analysis method

Solid domain

STABILITY ISSUES




FV method

One-system approach:

( )2d d 2 tr d3V S S

V S p St∂ ρ ρ ηε η ε∂

⎡ ⎤+ ⋅ = − − ⋅⎢ ⎥⎣ ⎦∫ ∫ ∫v vv n I I n

( )2d d 2 tr d d3

1, tr tr ,3

V S S S

s

V S N N p S St

N t p K

∂ ρ ρ ε ε∂

µ σ ε

⎡ ⎤+ ⋅ = − − ⋅ + Σ⋅⎢ ⎥⎣ ⎦

= ∆ =− =−

∫ ∫ ∫ ∫v vv n I I n n

Fluid:

Solid:

( )0

22 t d3

t tr tµε µ ε

−∆ ⎡ ⎤Σ = −⎢ ⎥⎣ ⎦∫ I

C. Greenshields H. Weller

Fluid

Analysis method Solid

domain

+




Falling bottles and containers A. Ivankovic

v

v =0

v 1

?p =p0

H

a) b) c)

Problem description




Falling bottles and containers

Eksperimetnal set-up

A. Ivankovic

Strain gauges

Pressure transducers

PT3

PT1

PT2

Upper cap

Water-filled bottle

Lower cap

Jubilee clip

PT holder

Tie bars Rubber O-ring

Rubber cushion

SG1 SG2

SG1

SG2 PT3





Numerical ‘set-up’

Solid domain

Impact end ( V=0, U=0) Fluid domain

Free surface (p=const=1bar)

50 cells

20 cells 3 cells

Flat base

Curved base

Simple geometry





OpenFOAM simulation – simple geometry

A. Ivankovic





OpenFOAM simulation – base shape effect

A. Ivankovic





Some quantitative results

A. Ivankovic

0 1 2 3 4 5Time, ms

-8

-6

-4

-2

0

2

4

6

8P

ress

ure,

bar

experimentFV, two-systemFV, one-system





Some quantitative results

A. Ivankovic

0 1 2 3 4 5Time, ms

-4

-3

-2

-1

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

Pre

ssur

e, b

ar

experimentFV, two-systemFV, one-system

0 1 2 3 4 5Time, ms

-5

0

5

10

Pre

ssur

e, b

arexperimentFV, two-systemFV, one-system





Simulations with fracture – numerical domains

A. Ivankovic

Free surface (fixed pressure and zero velocity gradient) Symmetry plane Interface – fluid Crack interface – fluid

Cohesive zone model

Symmetry plane

Interface – solid

Outside – traction free

Crack interface – solid

Base – direction mixed





Simulations with fracture – OpenFOAM simulation




Fracture of PE pipes

Video: A. Karac, A. Paizis

C. Greenshields A. Ivankovic H. Jasak P. S. Leevers

K. C. PandyaV. Tropsa G. VenizelosJ. G. Williams

EPRSC

Problem description - Small scale steady-state (S4)





OpenFOAM simulation

H. Jasak V. Tropsa




Bioengineering – blood flow related problems

Fluid-Structure Interaction in Bioengineering by Valentine Kanyanta

Atherosclerosis Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm




Transport Sport & horse Racing Military/police

Experiments on live animals

O. AlakijaA. IvankovicBioengineering - blast trauma to lungs MoD




Alveoli(70-350µm)

Alveolar wall(5µm thick)

Combined numerical/experimental study

σ

δ

Stre

ss

Strain

σ

ε

Bulk

Damage

Scale bridging

Bioengineering - blast trauma to lungsO. AlakijaA. Ivankovic

MoD




v

alveoli wall (tissue)

air space

(a) (b)

symmetryon both sidesand fixed at the bottom

(a) Micrograph of a cross-section through analveoli duct and sac system(b) Two dimensional mesh of the alveoli stack

Wave propagation v=20 m/s

Bioengineering - blast trauma to lungsO. AlakijaA. Ivankovic

MoD




?

Bioengineering - blast trauma to lungsH. ParsaA. Ivankovic

Polymeric foam filled with microcapsules Optical microscope view of a microcapsule

Construction of the surrogate lung model




CT Scan of the surrogate lung*

St. Vincent’s University Hospital CT scanner

Before

* Walsh, C., Final year project, UCD, 2005

After

Bioengineering - blast trauma to lungsH. ParsaA. Ivankovic




Bioengineering – other ongoing projectsA. SafariA. Ivankovic

• detachment of bacterial biofilms

• fracture properties of adhesives

• fracture properties of diamonds for cutting tools

• simulation of 1st metatarsalphalangeal joint

• simulation of hip joint

3rd Progress Meeting



THANK YOU

ALEKSANDAR KARAČ

Mašinski fakultetFakultetska 172000 ZENICABosnia and Herzegovina

TEL: +387 (0)32 449 210 ext. 140FAX: +387 (0)32 246 612

Emails: [email protected]@ucd.ie

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