Universal Declaration on Human Rights

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Princes Katherine C. Vergara- LLB 1

Matrix on Article 29 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights

UNIVERSAL

DECLARATION ON

HUMAN RIGHTS

OTHER INTERNATIONAL

LAWS

1987 PHILIPPINE

CONSTITUTION

DOMESTIC

LAW

JURISPRUDENCE LOCAL

ORDINANCE

Article 29.

(1) Everyone has

duties to the

community in

which alone the

free and full

development of his

personality is

possible.

(2) In the exerciseof his rights and

freedoms,

everyone shall be

subject only to

such limitations as

are determined by

law solely for the

purpose of

securing due

recognition and

respect for the

rights and

freedoms of others

and of meeting the

just requirements

of morality, public

order and the

general welfare in

a democratic

The International Councilon Human Rights Policy

Taking Duties Seriously:

Individual Duties in

International

Human Rights Law

The main purpose of

international human rights

standards is to protect theindividual, usually against the

arbitrary exercise of State

power. It does not follow from

this, however, that human

rights standards attach absolute

importance to individual

preferences or give no

consideration to the legitimate

needs of society. We will see

that the Universal Declarationof Human Rights, the two

International Covenants on

human rights, and other key

human rights documents attach

considerable importance to

individual duties and that their

authors were very conscious of

the relationship between human

rights and individual duties.

Article II, Section 4.

Declaration of

Principles and State

Policies

The prime duty of

the Government is to

serve and protect the

people. The

Government maycall upon the people

to defend the State

and, in the

fulfillment thereof,

all citizens may be

required, under

conditions provided

by law, to render

personal, military or

civil service.

Commonwealth

Act No. 1

THE

NATIONAL

DEFENSE ACT

An Act toprovide for the

National Defenseof the Philippines,

penalizing certain

violations thereof,

appropriating

funds therefore,

and for other

purposes.

G.R. No. L-45892

July 13, 1938

THE PEOPLE OF

THE PHILIPPINES

plaintiff-appellee,

vs.

TRANQUILINO

LAGMAN

defendant-appellant.

The Philippines does

not have compulsorymilitary service,

however military

training is a

compulsory part of the

high school curriculum

and is optional for the

college curriculum. As

the training lasts for

only a few hours a

week and is embeddedin the school

curriculum, students do

not have to live away

from their homes

during the year they

receive the training.

Filipino citizens who

refuse to undergo such

training in their senioryear of high school

(known as Citizen's

Advancement

Tranining or CAT) are

not eligible for

graduation. Prior to

2003, CAT was

oriented towards purely

military skills but


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society.

(3) These rights

and freedoms may

in no case be

exercised contraryto the purposes and

principles of the

United Nations.

Before we examine these

documents more

closely, however, we should

explain what we mean by

individual duties. An individualduty can be understood in

different ways. A duty can be a

legal obligationto pay taxes,

or to perform military service.

A duty can also be an ethical

obligation, for example a

duty to tell the truth, or to be

faithful to ones spouse. These

ethical obligations are moral

rules that individuals feel boundto follow because obeying them

is good and not obeying them is

bad. Morality will vary between

different individuals, and

between

different societies, though there

is much common ground about

basic ethical obligations. For

example, most individuals and

most social codes are inagreement in saying that it is

good to be truthful, good to do

what you can to help others, and

good to treat others as you

would like to be treated.

today, non-military

aspects have been

added to the training

programme.

In college, military

training (known as

Reserved Officers'

Training Corps or

ROTC) is now one of

the options for the

compulsory National

Service Training

Programme (NSTP),

the other two being

Citizen WelfareTraining Service

(CWTS) and Literacy

Training Service

(LTS). ROTC was

compulsory until 2001

when controversies

surrounding officer

misconduct prompted it

to be reformed.

Students are required tocomplete 6 units of

NSTP to be eligible for

graduation which is

reduced from 12 units

when ROTC was the

sole option (6 units per

year).


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REFERENCES:

Universal Declaration of Human Rights

1987 Philippine Constitution (Article II, Section IV)

Commonwealth Act No 1 otherwise known as The National Defense Act.

http://www.un.org/en/documents/udhr/( March 3, 2012)

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Military_service#Philippines( March 3, 2012)
http://www.un.org/en/documents/udhr/http://www.un.org/en/documents/udhr/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Military_service#Philippineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Military_service#Philippineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Military_service#Philippineshttp://www.un.org/en/documents/udhr/

Universal Declaration on Human Rights

Documents

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