Univ. Lekt. Mag. Markus Müllner

ibw Austria – Research & Development in VET

Rainergasse 38, 1050 Vienna, AUSTRIA

+43 1 5451671 0www.ibw.atinfo@ibw.at Santiago de Chile, June 2014

RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT AT THE INTERFACES BETWEEN EDUCATION, BUSINESS AND QUALIFICATIONS.

Austria

source:austria tourism; stock foto

key facts – Austria

member of the EU: since January 1st, 1995

boarders: Germany and Czech Republic - north Slovak Republic and Hungary - east Slovenia and Italiy – south Switzerland and Lichtenstein - west

population: 8.5 Mio.total area: 83.8 km²capital: Vienna (1.7 Mio people)

federal states: 9

Unemployment rate: 4.3% (EU 10,8%)Youth Unemployment: 8,7 % (EU 23,2%)

source: Statistik Austria, 2013 AUSTRIA, Data – FIGURES – FACTS, Eurostat

RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT AT THE INTERFACES BETWEEN EDUCATION, BUSINESS AND QUALIFICATIONS.

Apprenticeship training and VET

source: ibw fotowettbewerb

Apprenticeship training and VET

The Austrian education system

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13

5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19Age

Year

Special needs school

Primary school

Lower secondary school(expiring)

New secondary school

Academic secondary school (lower cycle)

PR

E-V

OC

AT

ION

AL

S

CH

OO

L

VET SCHOOL

VET COLLEGE

Academic secondary school (upper cycle) U

PP

ER

SE

CO

ND

AR

Y

SC

HO

OL

-LE

AV

ING

EX

AM

UN

IVE

RS

ITY

E

NT

RA

NC

E

EX

AM

COLLEGE

PROFESSIONAL TERTIARY

EDUCATIONsuch as post-sec.

VET course, master

craftsperson school, industrial

master school

UNIVERSITY

UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF

TEACHER EDUCATION

Apprenticeship training (company and part-time vocational school)

kind

erga

rten

Main initial VET programmes

Dual Apprenticeship training (16+ year-olds)

• training enterprise (80% of time) and part-time vocational school (20% of time)• demand led system: apprenticeship contract between enterprise and apprentice• training is based on two regulations (ordinances): training company and school • 200+ apprenticeships (“professions”) in practically all branches of the economy

with a 2-4 years training period depending on the profession• basis for “Higher VET”: “Meister” and other professional qualifications

school based VET (16+ year-olds)

• combination of general and vocational education• different types and duration• Double qualification in VET-colleges: VET-diploma and university access

Training guarantee by AMS (Public Employment Service; supr. comp. training)

• Support in finding an apprenticeship in a company• workshop based programmes in the framework of dual apprenticeship training

Career decision in year 10VET school or VET college

80 % of pupils in year 10 complete an apprenticeship or attend a VET school or VET college.

source: ibw, Apprenticeship training overview 2013, p. 78

VET school or VET collegegrammar schoolpart-time voca-tional school (apprenticeship)

39.0 % 38.8 %

22.2 %

AE: high school

Characteristics of apprenticeship training

„

The apprentice is in a training relationship with his/her company and, at the same time, pupil of an occupation-specific part-time vocational school.

school-based training20 %

practical training80 %

CompanyApprentice-ship

Learning by Doing

part-time vocational

school

Apprentices by sections of the Economic Chamber

120,579 people are in an apprenticeship relationship. 43.4 % are trained as apprentices in the crafts and trades section. 7.6 % are in supra-company training (training without an apprenticeship contract in a company).

source: ibw, Apprenticeship training overview 2013, p. 13

Training at the company

source: ibw fotowettbewerb

Training at the company

Why do companies train?

The Austrian approach: • The profiles of the different apprenticeship trades are negotiated

between the social partners in the Federal Advisory Board• Administration and competent authority: Economic Chambers act as

intermediate bodies between companies and the ministry of economics• Accompanying support measures: financial incentives, practical training

guidelines, selection tools and services for recruitment, trainer academies and networks, services to organise international mobility etc.

Business case return on investment

Challenge: to move from informal arrangements to formal training with recognised qualifications

Catalyst: institutions and governance structure, support to companies

Training at the company

• Company-based training curriculum:describes the competences which must be taught in the company

• Activity description:learning outcome-oriented description of the competences acquired by apprentices by the end of their training

• Didactic approach:- training in a day-to-day working environment- under real-life working conditions- involvement of apprentices in the productive work process

uniformAustria-wideregulation by decrees for each apprenticeship occupation

IVET trainer

• IVET trainers: the companies’ trainers for apprentices- The majority of trainers train their apprentices on a part-time basis

alongside their regular work.

- Larger companies also employ full-time trainers as well as full-time training supervisors.

• Prerequisite:- IVET trainer examination or

- Completion of a 40-hour IVET trainer course or

- Recognition of another qualification

• Requirements:- subject-specific qualification

- know-how of vocational education and

- legal knowledge

Training at part-time

vocational school

Training at part-time vocational school

source: fotolia.com, ibw stock foto

Organisation

=> apprentices are obliged to attend

=> established for groups of apprenticeship occupations (such as construction, wholesale/retail occupations)

=> classes are organized on the basis of individual occupations (sometimes also related occupations)

all-year-round by block

at least on one full school day a week

for at least eight weeks continuously

or

seasonally in block form

Training contents

• occupation-related theory supplementing company-based training

• complementary occupation-related practice• deepening and complementing general

education• subject related foreign language classes

The framework curriculum for each apprenticeship occupation is valid in the whole of Austria.

general education

35 % special instruction

65 %

Apprenticeship trainingFunding of apprenticeship training

Funding of apprenticeship training

source: fotolia.com, ibw stock foto

Training company The public

Funding

Company-based training

Apprenticeship remuneration

School-based training

Subsidies for the training company and apprentices

Costs per person/year

Appr. tr.: EUR 5,447 (4,000,000 CLP)

Supra-c.: EUR 16,405 (12,200,000 CLP)

VET s./c.: EUR 9,126 (6,800,000 CLP)

Costs per person/year

about EUR 15,000* (11,200,000 CLP)*depending on the sector, due to different collective bargaining agreements, and depending on the year of training

This means that the greatest part of costs of vocational training in the apprenticeship training system is borne by companies.

Source: ibw, Apprenticeship training overview 2013, p. 83

Funding of company-based training

=> The direct costs of training are borne by the respective training company.

– Apprenticeship remuneration - Monthly payment for apprentices

(The costs depend on the sector and apprenticeship year and range from about 400 EUR (300,000 CLP) to 1,500 Euro (1,100,000 CLP) per month

- In the final year, the apprenticeship remuneration is about 80 % of the corresponding skilled worker’s wage.

- Non-wage labour costs (sickness insurance, unemployment insurance)

– Costs of training at the training company- Provision of qualified IVET trainers- Funding of additional training offers

(such as courses, specialist training programmes, etc.)

Training company

Source: ibw, Apprenticeship 2012, p. 18

Funding of school-based training

=> The Federal Government and the provinces share the costs.

• Costs for equipping part-time vocational schools with machinery, equipment and teaching material: the respective province

• Costs for the teaching staff: Federal Government and the respective province (50 % each)

School

Source: ibw, Apprenticeship 2012, p. 18

Figures, data and facts

source: fotolia.com, ibw stock foto

Figures, data and facts

EU indicators - Unemployment rate of below-25-year-olds

8,6%

8,3%

7,6%

14,2%

13,8%

16,4%

20,1%

18,7%

15,7%

22,3%

21,1%

23,7%

21,4%

22,8%

22,8%

32,2%

25,8%

22,4%

25,0%

31,0%

29,1%

33,7%

29,1%

30,1%

36,1%

46,4%

44,4%

8,1%

9,5%

14,1%

14,2%

18,0%

19,0%

19,5%

19,8%

20,6%

20,9%

21,0%

22,7%

22,8%

23,7%

24,6%

26,4%

26,5%

27,8%

28,1%

28,1%

28,5%

30,4%

34,0%

35,3%

37,7%

43,0%

53,2%

55,3%

26,1%

18,1%

8,7%

Germany

Austria

Netherlands

Denmark

Malta

Luxembourg

Finnland

Czech Republic

Belgium

Slovenia

Estonia

United Kingdom

Romania

EU 27* (Together)

Sweden

France

Lithuania

Poland

Cyprus

Bulgaria

Hungary

Latvia

Ireland

Slovakia

Italy

Portugal

Croatia

Spain

Greece

2011

2012

Source: EUROSTAT

Austria‘s youth unemployment rate is 8.7 %.

Measures of youth employment:

=> Support for dual training

=> Training guarantee

source: Eurostat

Unemployment rate by educational attainment (unemployment rate acc. to international definition)

source: Statistics Austria (microcensus labour force survey) + ibw-calculations, elicitation 2012ibw, Apprenticeship overview 2013, p.102

Example for interpretation: Of 100 % of those who have completed compulsory school as their highest educational attainment, 9.2 % are unemployed.

Useful information

Links

ibw Institute for Research on Qualifications and Training of the Austrian Economy

www.ibw.at

Career guidance system of the economic chambers www.bic.at

For trainers: info and material www.ausbilder.at

Info on aids for the selection process www.auswahlhilfe.at

Quality in apprenticeship: tools and projects www.qualitaet-lehre.at

Newsletters:

Interesting themes and current important dates in the area of career guidance(appears 6 x per year)

Info and downloads connected with apprenticeship(appears 4 x per year)