United States History & y Government Glossary Glossar
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High School Level Glossar y United States History & Government Glossary English / Khmer Translation of United States History & Government terms based on the Coursework for United States History & Government Grades 9 to 12. Word-for-word glossaries are used for testing accommodations for ELL/LEP students Last Updated: December 2016 THE STATE EDUCATION DEPARTMENT / THE UNIVERSITY OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK / ALBANY, NY 12234
Transcript of United States History & y Government Glossary Glossar
High School Level
Glo
ssar
y United States History & Government
Glossary
English / Khmer
Translation of United States History & Government terms based on the Coursework for United States History & Government Grades 9 to 12.
Word-for-word glossaries are used for testing accommodations for ELL/LEP students
Last Updated: December 2016
THE STATE EDUCATION DEPARTMENT / THE UNIVERSITY OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK / ALBANY, NY 12234
NYS LANGUAGE RBEβRN AT NYU PAGE 1 2012
GLOSSARY ENGLISH LANGUAGE ARTS ENGLISH β SPANISH
THE STATE EDUCATION DEPARTMENT / THE UNIVERSITY OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK / ALBANY, NY 12234
Pβ16 Office of Elementary, Middle, Secondary and Continuing Education and Office of Higher Education
Office of Bilingual Education and Foreign Language Studies http://www.emsc.nysed.gov/biling/
THE UNIVERSITY OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK Regents of the University
BETTY A. ROSA, Chancellor, B.A., M.S. in Ed., M.S. in Ed., M.Ed., Ed.D. ............ Bronx T. ANDREW BROWN, Vice Chancellor, B.A., J.D. β¦β¦β¦β¦β¦β¦......................................... Syracuse NAN EILEEN MEAD, B.A. β¦β¦β¦β¦.................................................................................. Manhattan JOSEPHINE VICTORIA FINN, B.A., J.D. β¦β¦β¦β¦β¦β¦β¦β¦................................................... Albany BEVERLY L. OUDERKIRK, B.S., M.S. ............................................................................. Saratoga ELIZABETH. S. HAKANSON β¦β¦β¦β¦β¦........................................................................ Onondaga CATHERINE COLLINS, B.S., M.S., Ph.D. ....................................................................... West New York JAMES R. TALLON, R., B.A., M.A. ................................................................................. Binghamton ROGER TILLES, B.A., J.D.................................................................................................. Great Neck JUDITH JOHNSON, B.A., M.A., Ed.D. ............................................................................ Mid-Hudson
LUIS O. REYES, B.A., M.A., Ph.D. ................................................................................. New York LESTER W. YOUNG, JR., B.S., M.S., Ed. D. ..................................................................... Oakland Gardens CHRISTINE D. CEA, B.A., M.A., Ph.D. .......................................................................... Staten Island WADE S. NORWOOD, B.A. .............................................................................................. Rochester JUDITH CHIN, B.S., M.S., ............................................................................................... Queens KATHLEEN M. CASHIN, B.S., M.S., Ed.D...................................................................... Brooklyn JAMES E. COTTRELL, B.S., M.D....................................................................................... New York
Commissioner of Education President of The University of the State of New York MARYELLEN ELIA
Executive Deputy Commissioner ELIZABETH BERLIN
The State Education Department does not discriminate on the basis of age, color, religion, creed, disability, marital status, veteran status, national origin, race, gender, genetic predisposition or carrier status, or sexual orientation in its educational programs, services and activities. Portions of this publication can be made available in a variety of formats, including Braille, large print or audio tape, upon request. Inquiries concerning this policy of nondiscrimination should be directed to the Departmentβs Office for Diversity, Ethics, and Access, Room 530, Education Building, Albany, NY 12234. Requests for additional copies of this publication may be made by contacting the Publications Sales Desk, Room 319, Education Building, Albany, NY 12234.
United States History & Government Glossary β High School Level
NYS Statewide Language RBERN 1
ENGLISH KHMER
Aabolition ααΆαααα α abolitionist α’αααααααΆαααα α administration α’α α, αα’α α, ααα α, ααΆααααα ,
ααΆαααΆαααΆα, ααΆααααααα adoption ααΆαα’ααα, ααΆαααααα affirmative action αααα α ααα α Africa ααα αα α α AfricanβAmerican αααααΆααααΎαααααΎα αα α α Age of Jackson αααα α α (αα αααααα ααα
αααα αααααα ααα‘α©) aggression ααΆα α α α agricultural areas αααααααα agriculture ααααα AIDS /HIV ααα αα’αα/ααα ααα’αα Albany Plan of Union αααααΆααα α α α ( αααααΆα
αααααΎα αααα αΎαα α α ααααααααα αααα ααα αα‘α£)
Alger Hiss case αααααΏα αα α α Alien and Sedition Acts α αααααααααααααα ααα’αααΎααα α allegiance αα α α α Alliance for Progress αα α αα α αααΆαααα ααααΎα allied powers α’ α ααα αα ααα allies ααα αα ααα amendment αα ααααα American Federation of Labor (AFL) αα αααααααα αααααΆα American Revolution αααααα αααααΆα amnesty ααΆααααΎααααα α anarchy α’ ααααα ancient αααααα α annex α§αααα αα annexation ααΆαααα α§αααα αα antiβfederalist ααΆααα αα’ααααααα ααα antiβdefamation League ααΆααα αααα αααα ααα α antiβSemitism ααΆααα αααααααααα antiβtrust ααΆααααααΏ, ααΆααα αααααΏ appeasement ααΆααααα² αα α, ααΆααααα² ααα α, ααΆααααα² α’α,
ααΆααααααααααα ααα’αα α α appointment ααΆαααα α arbitration αα ααααα , αα αα ααα αα
United States History & Government Glossary β High School Level
NYS Statewide Language RBERN 2
ENGLISH KHMER armed forces α α ααα α αα armistice αααααα α arsenal of democracy αααα ααα ααααα Articles of Confederation ααααα ααααα αα αααα (ααααααααα αααΎαααα
αα ααα αααα) Asia ααα α AsianβAmerican αααααΆααααΎαααααΎα α assassination ααΆαααα α assembly ααα α, α α α ααα assembly line αα α α αααααΏα αα, αα α α ααααααα assimilation ααΆααααα² αααα α Atlantic Charter ααααΆα α ααααα atomic bomb α αααααα αausterity ααΆαααααααααααα, ααααα authority α αα autocracy α’ α ααααα automation ααΆαααααΎα α αααααααΆααααααα autonomy ααα α, ααα ααααα axis powers α’α ααα’ α
Bbaby boom generation α αααααααααααΎαααα αΎα
(α’α‘ααααααααΆαααα ααα α αα ααααΎααα’) bank holiday ααααααα ααα α ααααα α bankruptcy α ααα Bay of Pigs Invasion ααααααααααΆα α α ααααααα
( ααΆα α α αα αα αααααΎααααααα ααααα αααααα αααααααα‘αΎαα ααααα αααααα αααααααα 2506 α αααα 17 αααα α 1961)α
Berlin Blockade ααΆα αααααααααα α Berlin Wall α α αααααα α Bessemer process ααααΎαααΆαααααααααα big business α ααααααα Big Stick Policy α ααα ααααααααααα αααα ααα
(α αααα’α α ααααΎαααα αα α α α) bill ααα αα α αα α Bill of Rights αααααααα―ααα bipartisan ααααααα ααα Black Codes α ααααα’αααα ααααααα αα ααα α α‘α¨α¦
α₯ αα α α‘α¨α¦α¦
United States History & Government Glossary β High School Level
NYS Statewide Language RBERN 3
ENGLISH KHMER Black Panthers αα αααααααα α αααααΆααααΎαααααΎα αα α α Black Tuesday ααααααα αα αα αααααααααα αααα
(ααααα’α© ααα α α‘α©α’α©) blacklist ααα α α , ααΆαα αα α αααααα α α Bleeding Kansas ααα α αααααα α
(αα αααΆαααααα α α αααα α αααα ααΆααααααα α α αα ααα αααα αα α’αααΆααα ααα α α)
Bonus Army α ααααΎαααα αααααα (ααΆααααΎαα αα ααααα αααα αααααααα αααΎα α ααααΎαα α ααααΆααα α αα ααααΎαααα αα α α‘α©α£α’)
boycott αα ααΆα buffer zone ααααα α bull market αααααααααα ααα‘αΎα Bureau of Indian Affairs ααΆα αααα α ααΆααα αα₯ α αα αααα α
(α α α αααα ααα ααααα ααα αααα ααααααα ααα)
bureaucracy ααΆα ααααα , ααΆα ααααα business cycle αααααααΆααααα ααααΆαααααα α αα ααα
Ccabinet αααααααααα , αααααΆαα Camp David Accords αα αααααα ααααααα ( ααα α α ααα α
α αααααααα’αα α αααααααα’α αα’α ααα αααααα‘αΎααααααααα)
campaign ααα ααΆα, αααααΆα canals αααααα capital α α, ααα α, αααα, αα, αααα capitalism ααααααα captains of industry ααΆααααα§α α ααα Caribbean ααααααΆ α’α carpetbaggers αααααααα ααααααα α αα αα α αααααα
αα ααααα αα ααααα αααα α α cartoons αααα case law ααΆαααα α α αα α Catholic ααΆααα census ααααΏααα αα central government α α α αα α α Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) α α α αα α ααααα αααα charter αααααα , αααααΆα α charts ααα, ααααα α, α, αααα, αααα α checks and balances ααΆαααααααΎααααααα’ α
United States History & Government Glossary β High School Level
NYS Statewide Language RBERN 4
ENGLISH KHMER Cherokee ααα
( α ααααααααα₯ α αα αααα ααααααααααα α α₯α‘αααααααα αααααααααα α’ααΆα α αααα α α )
Chief Justice αα αα ααΆα child labor laws α ααααααα α Chinese Exclusion Act α ααααα αα ααα α ( α ααα ααα
α αα α ααααα ααα ααα ααα αα ααααααα α)
choice αααααΎα citizen ααααα citizenship α ααααα city ααααcivic values ααααααααα civil disobedience ααΆαααα αα ααααα ααα Civil Rights αααααααα civil society ααααααα civil unrest ααΆααα ααααααααα Civil War αα α αααα Civil War Amendments αα ααααααα α αααα (
α ααΆαααα αα αααααααααααααααα ααα αααααααΎααα‘α£ α‘α€ ααα‘α₯ ααα αα’ααααααα α α α‘α¨α¦α₯ αα α α‘α¨α§α )
climate ααΆα α closed shop αααααα αααα αα coalition αααα ααα, α α α αα ααα,
ααα α ααα ααα α α ααα coast lines αααααααα Cold War αα α ααα α collective bargaining ααΆαα α ααα α colonial era ααα ααα colony ααα CommanderβInβChief α’ααααα α ααΆα commerce ααααααααα, ααΆααααα committee αααααααΆα commodity αααααααα, αα ααααΎα, αααααααΎα α common sense ααααα α α common welfare αα α αααcommonwealth αα αα, αα ααα communism ααααααααα
United States History & Government Glossary β High School Level
NYS Statewide Language RBERN 5
ENGLISH KHMER Communist Party αα αααααα community αα ααα compare and contrast ααα ααααα αααα compromise ααΆααααα, ααΆααααααααα α Compromise of 1850 ααΆααααααααα α α‘α¨α₯α ( ααα α
ααααα αα α αα αα ααα₯ α α α ααα αα’αααα αααααα αα ααα αααααα α α‘α¨α₯α )
computer αααα αα Computer Revolution αααααααα αα concentration camps ααααααα concurrent powers α’ α αααααα α confederacy αα ααα αα, ααΆααααα α , αα ααα , ααααα ,
ααΆααααααα α α , ααα αα α( ααΆααααααα αααα αα ααα α)
confederation ααα αα αααα conference committees αααααααΆαααα αα, ααΆαααα conflict αα α α, ααΆαα α, αα α α congregation ααΆαααα αααααα αααα α ααααααΆα αα Congress α α ααα α α congressional committees αααααααΆαα α α ααα congressional district ααα αα α α αααCongress Industrial Organization (CIO) α’ααααΆαα α§α α ααα
(α α’ααααΆααα ααα αααααα α’αααα αα αααααααα§α α αααααααα αα αα ααααααα αααααααααΆ α α α‘α©α£α₯
α α α‘α©α₯α₯) conscientious objector αααα ααααααα ααααααΎααααα ααα
ααΆαααααααααααα consent of the governed ααΆααααααααα² ααααααααααα
( α α αααααααα αααα αΎαααααα² αα α α αααααααα α αα αΎα α ααα α α αααααααααααααααα αααα αα ααααααααααααα ααα αα α αααααΆαα αα α α)
consolidation ααα α, ααΆαααααα α conspiracy ααΆαααααα ααΆαααααααααα’αααΎαα α αα,
ααΆαααα α constitution ααααααααα Constitution of the United States ααααααααααα ααα ααααconstitutional amendment ααΆαααα αα αααααααααααααα constitutional convention ααα αααααααααα constitutional government α α α αααα αααααααααα
United States History & Government Glossary β High School Level
NYS Statewide Language RBERN 6
ENGLISH KHMER consumer α’ααααααΎα α, α’ααααααααΎα α Consumer Price Index (CPI) αααα ααααααα, αα α ααΆααααααααααΎαα α consumption ααΆαααααΎα α containment ααΆα ααααααα ααΆααα αα
ααΆαααααα± α α Continental Congress α αααα (α
ααα ααααααααααααα α αααααα ααα‘α£ααααα αααααΆα α αααααααα² αααα αααΆα αα α α α ααα ααα ααααααα’α‘αααααααααα αααααΆα)
contraband ααααααα ααααααα contract ααααΆα α , αα α αα cons ααΆαα’αααα² αα α ααααΏαααΎ α¬αααα’α αα controversy α αααα , αα αααα α α α convention ααα α α’αα α corollary α’α α , ααααααα ααα αααααα corporation ααααα , αααααα cotton gin αααα α counterculture ααααα αα country ααααα court α ααΆα covenant ααΆααααααα αα αααΆα ααα α α α’αα α craft union αα αααααααααααααα αα αααΆα ααα α α credit α₯α α ααα creditor nation ααααα α αααα crime αααααΎααααα ααααCuban missile crisis αααα αααα αα cultural interdependence ααΆααα ααα ααα ααα αα cultural pluralism αα αα ααααα culture αα αα currency αααααα ααΆαααααα customs α, ααααα
Ddark horse αααααααααααααααα α ααα αα α Dawes Act α α αα
( α ααααα α α ααα ααααααΎα αααααα ααααΎα αααααΆαα² α αααα αα α ααα αααΆαααααα² αα ααα ααΆααααα‘α¦α αα ααααα αα ααααααααα α¬α£α’α αα αα αα αααα α αα)
debate αα α α α ααα
United States History & Government Glossary β High School Level
NYS Statewide Language RBERN 7
ENGLISH KHMER debt ααα debtor nation αααααααααα Declaration of Independence ααΆαααααΆαα―α α defense ααΆαααΆα α delegate αααα demobilization ααΆαα ααα, ααΆααααα αααααα democracy αα ααααα democratic αααα ααααα Democratic Party αααα αα ααααα depression ααααΎαα αααα α ααααααααα ααα,
ααααΎα α αααα αα deregulation α’ααααααααΆαααΆαααααα αα α αα α α α desegregation ααΆααααα² αα‘ α detente αααα α ααΆαααα ααα α ααα(α αααααα
ααααααα) dictatorship αααα’ α α α ααΆα diplomacy ααΆααα α’αααα direct democracy αα ααααα α α α α direct primary ααΆαα αα α ααααα α α α ( ααΆαα αα α αααα
α’ααα αα α αααααΎαααααααααααααΎα αααααα α ααααα α α αααΆαα αα α αααααααα α)
disabled citizens ααααααααΆα discrimination ααΆαααααα’αΎα disenfranchise αααααα αα α α dissent ααααααα ααααα αα diversity ααα αα α αα ααααα doctrine ααα αααα α documents α―α α dollar diplomacy ααΆαααααΎα’ α α ααα αααααααααααα αααΎα
ααααα₯ααααα αα ααααα domestic ααααα, αααααdomino theory αααα αααdouble jeopardy ααααααΆα αααα²ααΆααα α αα α αααΎαααααα
αααΆαα αααααΆααααα draft αααα draft evaders α’ααααα ααααα drug cartel αααα§αααααααααααα α αα α due process ααααΎαααΆαααΆααα ααααα αααα αα Dust Bowl ααα (α α’α‘ααααααα αααααα α
α αααΆα α αααααααα α ααααααααα
United States History & Government Glossary β High School Level
NYS Statewide Language RBERN 8
ENGLISH KHMER α αααα ααααααααΆ ααα’α‘α α α‘α©α£α )
Eeconomic development ααΆαα’ααα ααααααα α economic growth ααααΎααααααα α economics αααααα α elastic clause α ααα α α ααα αα α α
( α ααα ααααααααααααα ααα αααα ( α αα‘ ααααα¨) ααααααα’ α α² ααααα α α’αααα α αα’αααα α αααααα αα αααΆαα’ααααα’ α αα’αααα αα ααααα )
election ααΆαα αα α α electoral college αααα αα α α electors α’αα ααααα αα α α emancipation α’ α αα α ( αααα ααα) Emancipation Proclamation ααΆαααααΆαα’ α αα α Embargo Acts α α αααα ααααααααα α emigration αααααααα,
ααΆα ααα αααααααα αααα α αααααα employment ααΆα α, ααΆααα enlightenment ααΆααααα αα α α, ααΆαααα , ααΆααα entrepreneur αα ααα enumerated powers ααα α’ α ( αα αα α αα‘ ααααα¨
ααααααααααααα ααα αααα αα αααααα αααα)
environment αα α α envoy αααααα, ααααα, αα Equal rights amendment (ERA) ααααΎααααα αα αααααα α αααααααααααα ααα
αααα ααα ααα α ααααααααααααα ααααααααα αααααα‘αΎα
equality ααα αΎ α , αα α escalation ααααα α ααα‘αΎα espionage αααα , ααΆααααΎαα’αααα, αααα ethnic αα α αα ethnocentrism αα αααααα Europe αααα’αα European Union (E.U) αα αα’αα evolution ααΆααααααα α α, ααααα, α’ααα α excise tax ααααα executive branch α’αααααααααα , α’ α αααααααα
United States History & Government Glossary β High School Level
NYS Statewide Language RBERN 9
ENGLISH KHMER executive privilege ααααααααααΆααααα αα―α αα α α expansion ααΆααααα‘αΎα, ααΆααααααα, ααΆααα αααα’ ααα’ α exploration ααααα, αααα, ααααΎααααα extraterritoriality αα αα αααα
α’ α α ααΆααααα αααααα
Ffaction αααα’ααααα α, αααααααα, ααααα α factors of production α α αααααα family αα α farmers αααα fascism ααα α αα α ααααα federal deficit α’ααα αα ααα
(ααΆαα ααααα α α ααα ααα ααα αΎα αα αα) Federal Reserve System ααααααααααααα ααα Federal System of Government ααααα α α α ααα ααα federalism αα αααααα felony ααα§αααα , α§ααααααααααααα feminist movement α α ααα ααα First Continental Congress α ααααααα ( ααΆαααααααααααα‘α’
ααα‘α£αααααααα αααααΆα ααα ααα ααααα ααααα₯ ααα α α ααααα’α¦ ααα α α‘α©α§α€)
flag αα, αα α, αααα foreclosure ααΆα αααααα α α foreign affairs αα α ααΆαααααα foreign policy α ααα αααααα Four Freedoms ααα ααα ( α ααααααα α
αα αα αα‘αΎαα αα ααα αααα αααα ααααα¦ αααα α α‘α©α€α‘ α αα αααααΎα ααααΎα’α
ααα α αα α αα αααααααααα ααααααααα αααα αααααΆαα α)
Fourteen Points ααααα αα ( ααα αα ααααα’αα αααΆααααααα ααααααααααααααααααααΎαα αααΆαα α ααα α αααΎα ααα ααα α αα ααααΎααα‘)
franchise ααααααα, αααααααΎαα free enterprise system ααααααα α αααα free trade ααααααααα freedom ααα α
United States History & Government Glossary β High School Level
NYS Statewide Language RBERN 10
ENGLISH KHMER freedom of expression ααα αααααΆααααα ααα freedom of religion ααα αααααΆαα αα α freedom of the press ααα α ααα α freedom riders ααα αααααΆααααααααΎα freedom to assemble ααα αααααΆαααααα frigate ααα α α α ( α αα α) frontier ααααα, αααααα, ααααα fugitive αααααααα , αα αα Fugitive Slave Law α α α αααααααα αα ( α αααααα α
α’ααα ααα ααααααααααΆααααααααα α α‘α¨α₯α αααααααααα² α α αα αα αααααα αα α α ααΆαααΆα ααα ααααα ααααΎα ααα α αα α ααα αααααα ααα α αα ααΆααααααα)
Fundamental Orders of Connecticut ααα α αα α ααααααααα α α ( ααα α ααα αα’αααα αααααααααααααααααααα α α ααααααααααα αααα α ααααααα α αα αα αα αΎα α ααααα α α ααα α α ααααααα αααα ααααα αΎααα‘αΎα)
GG.I Bill α α G.I ( α αααα αα’ααααα α α‘α©α€α€
ααααααααΆαα’αα ααα’αααα αααα ααα αααα’ααααα αα ααααααΎαααα ααααα α αα ααααΎααα’)
Gay Rights Movement α α αααααα αα αααααα α gender bias αααα’ αα α αααααα gender roles α αααααα generations α α genocide ααΆααααααα αα Geographic factors α α αα ααα geography αα αααGettysburg Gettysburg ( αααααα α α αααααα‘ααααααα£
ααααα α α‘α¨α¦α£ ααααα α αααα αααααΆα ααα α αα αααα²
αα ααα αααααα ααα α αααα) Gilded Age αα Gilded ( α’α‘ααααα ααα α αααα αααα
αααα α αα ααααΎααα‘ ααααααα αα αααα αααααΎααα‘αΎα αααααααα α αααα αααα ααααΎα α ααα α
αα αΎα αα’αααΎααααα ααααΆαααααΎα ααα αααα
United States History & Government Glossary β High School Level
NYS Statewide Language RBERN 11
ENGLISH KHMER α ααα)
glasnost ααΆαααα α αααα α ααααααααααα α ααΆααα αα( αα αααΎαα αααα α)
globalization ααα ααααααα Gold standard α α α, αα α α Good Neighbor Policy α ααα αααααααα ααα’
( α ααα ααααα ααα αααα ααα α α αααααα αααα αα)
goods and services ααα αααα ααα government α α α α graduated income tax ααααααΎααα‘αΎα ααΆα
(α’αα αα αααααααααα ααα αΎα αα’αα αα αα α)
graft α’αααΎααααα, ααΆααααα grandfather clauses α ααα α α
( α ααα ααααααΎααααααα αααα α¬αααααα αααα αα αααααααααααααα ααααα αααα α―αααα α¬α α ααααααααΆαααα)
Grange Movement α α αααα ( ααα ααΆααα αα αααα ααα α ααααααααα ααααααααααα αααα ααααα ααααααααα α ααα α ααααΎα)
graph αααΆα grass roots campaign ααα ααΆααααααα ( α α αααααα) Great (or Connecticut) Compromise ααΆααααααααααα’ α α (α¬ααα α α) Great Depression αααα αααααα α αααα ααααα‘α α α‘α©α’α©
ααα‘α©α£α£ Great Migration ααΆααααα’α α ααααααααααα Great Plains αα αααααα αΎα Great Society ααααα’ α α Green Revolution αααααααααα ( α ααα) greenbacks αα αα αα α grievance ααα αα αααααααααΆα α gross domestic product ααααααααααααα αααααααααααα gross national product (GNP) ααααα αααα, αααα αααα guerilla warfare αα α αααααα
HHarlem Renaissance ααΆααααΎααα‘αΎαααα αα hate crimes α§αααααααα α ααα’αααα αΎα health care ααΆααα αα α high crimes α§ααααααααα‘αΎαααα historical figures ααα ααααααα ααα
United States History & Government Glossary β High School Level
NYS Statewide Language RBERN 12
ENGLISH KHMER history ααααα αααholding company αααα ααααα ααα α α αα αααααααα α
αα α α holocaust αα α, ααΆααααα α α α Home Front ααααααα Homestead Act α αααααααααα α Hoovervilles α αααα
(αααααααααααα ααααα ααα‘αΎαα αααα αααααααα’α‘αααααααααα α αα α αααΎα α α‘α©α£α )
horizontal integration α α αααααααα ααα House of Burgesses α ααα αα
(α α ααααα’ααααααααα ααααα ααααααααα )
House of Representatives α α α ααα ( αα ααα αααα) human needs ααααααΆααααααα human resources αα αααα human rights αααααα
Iidentify αααααΎα α α illegal alien αααααααα ααααααα α illegal immigration α’α α ααααααααα α immigration α’α α αααααα Immigration Acts α αα’α α αααααα Immigration and Naturalization Service αα αααα’α α αααααα ααααΆαα αα α α αααααΆα Immigration Quota Acts α αα α’α α αααααα immunity α’ααα―αααα impeach α αααααΆααααα ααα,
αααα ααααα ααααα αααααα impeachment ααΆααααα ααααα ααααα αααααα imperialism α ααααα ααα, ααΆααααααααααα ααααα imperialist ααα ααααα , α’ααα ααααα ααα implied powers α’ α α α
( αααα αα’ααααα αα’ α ααααα αααααα² α α αα α αααααα α ααααααααααα ααααα ααααα α ααα ααα ααααααα αα α α α)
impressment αααα α αααα α ααααααΎαααααααΎαααα α ααααααααα ααααα ααααααα αα
imprisonment ααΆα ααα, ααΆαα ααααα
United States History & Government Glossary β High School Level
NYS Statewide Language RBERN 13
ENGLISH KHMER income tax ααααααΎα αα αα ααααα α incumbent α’ααααΆααααα, α’αααααααΆααααα indemnify ααααααΆααα αααα¬ααααααΆααα α indentured servants ααααααα α αα independence α―α α Indian Wars αα α αα₯ α αα αααα α indigenous peoples ααα’α α α α industrial ααα§α α ααα industrial growth ααΆαααα ααααΎαααααα§α α ααα Industrial Revolution αααααα§α α ααα industrialization α§α α αααααα industry α§α α ααα inequality αααααα αΎ α inflation α’ααα initiative αααααααΎα α αα ααααΎα injunction α’αα α ααα αα α α αα¬α α (ααααααααααα α) installment buying ααΆααααααΏ institution α αα, ααα α α integrity ααα αα αα αα, ααα α interdependence ααΆααα α ααα α α ααα αα interment camps αααααα (αααααα α αααα ααααα ααα α α) Internal Revenue Service (IRS) αα ααα αα ααααααα international α’ααα α internet α’αααα Interstate Commerce Commission ααα α αααΆα ααααααα’αα αααα intervention α’αα ααα investments ααΆαααα α Iranian hostage crisis αααα α α α αα’αα Iroquois Confederacy αα ααα α’ααα ( ααα αα αα ααα ααααΆααα
αα‘αΎαα α αα ααα αα αα ααααααααααααααα α αα )
isolationism α―ααααΆααα, αα αααααααααααααααααα ααα αααααααααα
JJacksonian democracy αα ααααα αα ααα
( α α αα αααα’α‘αααααααα αααααα αα αααα ααααα αααααΆααααααααα‘αΎα)
JapaneseβAmerican αα α αααααΆααααΎαααααΎαααα Jeffersonian democracy αα αααα αα α ααα ( α α αααΎα α² α
United States History & Government Glossary β High School Level
NYS Statewide Language RBERN 14
ENGLISH KHMER αα αααααααΆαααααα αΎααα‘αΎαα αα ααα αααα)
Jim Crow laws α ααααα (α ααααα α αααα αααΎαααα αα α )
jingoism ααΆααα αααααα α, ααΆαααα αα α jointβstock company αααα ααα αα α judicial branch α’ααααα ααΆα judicial review ααΆαααα αααΏααα αα‘αΎαααjudiciary α’ααα ααα
KKansasβNebraska Act α αααα αααα α ( α αααα
α’α α αα² ααα α ααααααα α ααααα α ααααα α ααα αααα―α α’α α αα² α α ααααααααααααααααα¬αα)
KelloggβBrand Pact ααααΆα α ααα‘ααααα ( ααααΆα α α αααΆααα αααΆααααααα α α ααα α α§ααααα ααα ααααα αααα α)
KnowβNothing Party αα ααααα’α ( αα αα α αααααΆα αα α α α‘α¨α₯α£ ααα‘α¨α₯α¦ αααα ααααααααααααααααα α α αα αα’ααααααααΎααααΎαααααα)
Ku Klux Klan ααααα α αα ααα αα ααααα ααα αααααααα α ααααΎα§αααα ααααα ααα αα αα αΎαααααααααααα α)
Llabor ααααα, α α αααααα Labor Standards Act α ααα α αααααα laissezβfaire α ααα αα² α’ααααΎααα‘αΎαα αααα αα αα
α ααααααα’αα ααα land grants ααΆααααααα LandβLease Act α αααα Last Frontier αααααα αααααΆα law (s) α α leader (s) α’αααα leadership α α’αααα League of Nations ααα αα α legislation ααααααα legislative branch α’ααααααααα legislative process ααααΎαααΆαααααααα libel α α α α , α α α , ααΆαααα ααα α
United States History & Government Glossary β High School Level
NYS Statewide Language RBERN 15
ENGLISH KHMER life expectancy αααΆααα α,
α αα α αα ααααααα α αα α limited government α α α α αααααα line item veto αααααα αα αα ( α’ α ααααα ααα
α’α αααα α¬αααα αααααα αα α α αα ααααααα ααα ααααα αα α αα α)
literacy test ααααααα ααα α α αααα αααααα (α’αααααααααα αα α ααααΎα ααααααα αα α αα α αα’αααααα αα’α α ααα’ααααα αααααα αα α αααΎα αα α ααααα αα α ααα² α αα α α)
lobbying ααΆααααααα (α ) lobbyist α’αααααααα local community αα ααααα α α local government ααα ααα α α lockout ααΆα αα ααα ααααααα αααα αα αα loose constructionist α’ααα αα ααααΆαα αααααααααα αααααα Louisiana Purchase αααα ( ααΆαααααααααΆαααααααα
ααα ααααα αΎαα αααααα αα αααααααα αα α α‘α¨α α£)
Loyalist α’ααααα α αα α ααααα α α
MMacArthur Constitution ααααααααα ααα αα machine politics αα α αα Magna Carta αααααα ααααααα α α αααααααα’αααααααααα
αααααααα‘αΎαα αα ααααααα ααααα‘α₯ αααα α α‘α’α‘α₯
majority rule αααα αΎα α α maldistribution ααΆαααααα αααααα αΎmandate ααα Manhattan Project ααα αααα α α ( αααα α
α α α αααα ααααααααααααααα αΎαα αααααα ααααα α α
α ααααΎααα’) Manifest Destiny α α α αααα α manufactured goods αααα§α α ααα market economy αααααα α αα α Marshall Plan αααααΆα α martial law α α α αα MasonβDixon Line αα α α α αααααα (ααΆαααααααααα αααα
Pennsylvania ααααα Maryland)
United States History & Government Glossary β High School Level
NYS Statewide Language RBERN 16
ENGLISH KHMER Mayflower Compact ααααΆα α αα ααα ( αα αααααα α
αααα’αααααααα α α ααααΎα α Mayflower αα α α‘α¦α’α ααα α αααααα² αααααααααα αααααααααααααααα αα αααααααα)
Medicaid αααααα ( ααα αααα αα ααα ααα α α¬αααα αα αα αα α)
Medicare ααααα ( ααα αα ααααα αααααα ααααα ααααααααα α αα¦α₯ α αα‘αΎααααΎ αα αααα αααΆα ααααα ααα αααΆαα αααααΆαααααα ααα )
melting pot α ααα αα αααα ( ααααααα αααα αααααααα α αααα )
mercantilism ααα αααααα merchandising ααΆα ααα αα ααα αααα, αα ααα metro area αααααααααα αααα ααα ααα αΎα Mexican Cession ααααααααααααααααααααα² αα ααα ααααMexican Revolution αααααααααα Mexican War αα α ααααα Middle Atlantic αααααα α α migration ααααα ααααααα,
ααΆα αα ααααααααΎαα α αααα military α militia αααααααααα αα minority ααα‘α ααα minutemen ααα α
(α αααααααα ααααααααα ααα ααα αααα ααααααααααΏααα α ααααααααααα αααααΆα)
misdemeanor α ααα α Missouri Compromise ααΆααααααααααα α (ααΆαα αα α
αα α αα α ααα αααααααα αα α α α α’ααααα α α‘α¨α’α ααα‘α¨α’α‘)
mobilization ααααααααΆααααααααΆααα αα ααΆααααααα α monopoly ααΆα α α αα Monroe Doctrine αααα ααα Montgomery Bus Boycott αα ααΆα ααααα ααααααΎα Mormon Church αααα αααα muckrakers α’αααααΎααα ααα ααααα ααααΏαααα ααα α
ααααα αααααΆαα’αα’αααΎαααααααα α αα’αααα α ααα’ααααα
United States History & Government Glossary β High School Level
NYS Statewide Language RBERN 17
ENGLISH KHMER multicultural αα αα αα multiculturalism αα αα ααααα multinational corporation ααααααα α αα municipal αααααα
Nnation α National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP)
α ααα αα αααααΆαααααΆααααα α
National Organization of Women (NOW) α’ααααΆα ααααΎα ααα National Socialist Party ααααααααα α Native American Indian αα ααααΎα αααααΆαα₯ α αα αααα α natural resources αα αααα α natural rights αααααααΎα naturalization ααΆαα αα α α naval forces αααααααΎααα navigation α αα necessary and proper clause α α αααααα ( α’αααα
α’α α αα² ααααα α αααα α αα’αααα α α α α αααααα αα α
α² α’αααααααααα α’αααα) negotiation ααΆαα α neutrality α’α αααα α New Deal αα αα ααα (ααα αααα αααα’ααααα
αααα αααα αααΆαααααααα α α ααα α) New Federalism αα αααααααα New Frontier αααααααα New York State Constitution ααααααααα αααααα nonpartisan α’ααααα αααααα αα nonβviolence α’α α normal ααα North ααααΎα North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) αα αααααα α ααααααααα αααα ααααΎα northeast α₯ α northwest αα Northwest Ordinance ααααααα αα Nuclear families αα α ααααͺαα α α αααα nullification α ααααα nullify αααα α α ααααα , αααα αα α αα ,
ααΆααα α αα
United States History & Government Glossary β High School Level
NYS Statewide Language RBERN 18
ENGLISH KHMER
Ooil crisis αααα αααα Old Imperialism α ααααααα α Open door Policy α ααα ααααΎα α αα α open shop ααααΎαα α
( ααααα ααααα ααα αα αααααααα² α ααααα ααααααααα‘αΎα)
opposition ααΆααα αα α, αα αααα α ordinance ααααα αα overexpansion ααΆαααααααααααααααα α overproduction ααΆαααααααΎαα αααααααΆα ownership αααααα
PPacific Northwest αααα ααα αα pacifism ααα αααα pardon ααΆααααΎααααα α Paris Peace Accords αα αααααα ααααα αα parliament α parliamentary democracy α αα ααααα partitioned ααααΆαααα α partnerships α ααα past α’ααααΆα patriotism ααα αααα patronage ααΆα αα, αα ααα α ,
αααα’ α αα ααα αααααα peace movement α α ααα α peace treaty ααα α α ααα α persecution ααΆααααααααααααα Persian Gulf Crisis αααα ααααααααα philanthropy ααΆααα αααα α physical environment αα α α ααααα physical maps αααααα ααα Plains States αααααα ααα α plantation system ααααα α Pledge of Allegiance ααΆααα α α ααα ααα α α pluralism αα αααα pocket veto ααΆααααααα αα αααα αααΎααα αα α αα αα α
αα αααα¬α’αα αα’ α political affairs αα α ααΆααα α
United States History & Government Glossary β High School Level
NYS Statewide Language RBERN 19
ENGLISH KHMER political boundaries ααααααα α political cartoons αααααα α political corruption ααΆαααααααα α political institutions αα α ααα α political machine αααα α political maps αααααα α political organization α’ααααΆααα α political party αα αα α political platform ααα αααα α political power α’ α αα α political radicals αα α αααΆα political systems ααααααα α pol tax ααααααααα ααααααααααα αααααα’αα
αα αα α¬αα ααα‘αΎα pollution ααΆααααα ααα , αααα ααααα popular sovereignty α’ααααα ααα ααα popular vote α α ααα ααα Populist Movement α α αα ααααα porkβbarrel legislation αααααααααΆααα αα αααααΆαα αα α ααα
α α postβindustrial ααααΆαα§α α ααα postβmodern ααααΆααααααααΎα postwar ααααΆααα α α poverty ααααα prairie αα α αα α
αααα αα α α αααααααααααα preamble αααα , α αααΎα Preamble of the Constitution αααα ααααααααααα prejudice ααααα α α, αααα’ α president αα ααα President of the United States αα ααααα ααα ααααPresident Proβtempore (of the Senate) ααΆαααα αααααα αα ααααα α
ααααα αααα’ααα α presidio α α α α privateer α αα αα α αααααααΆαααΆα
ααα α α αααααααΆαααΆα αααα αα αΎαααααααα² ααααΎααααα ααα α α
productivity ααα α Progressive Movement α α ααα ααααΎα progressive tax ααααα‘αΎααααα
( ααααααα’α ααα αααΎααα‘αΎαα ααααααα αα
United States History & Government Glossary β High School Level
NYS Statewide Language RBERN 20
ENGLISH KHMER α α α ααα αααα α αααΆααααΎααα‘αΎα)
Prohibition ααΆα α α propaganda ααΆαα α proportional representation α ααα αα proprietorship α α α prosperity ααα α protect ααΆα α protectionist α’αα αααα protective tariff ααα ααααααααα
(α αααααααααΎααα α αααα) protectorate αααΆα α α, ααααα α α protest (march) ααΆαα (αααΎαα α) public education ααΆαα’αα ααα public land α ααα public policy α ααα α ααα pump priming ααααΎαα’ααα ααααα ααααααα§α α ααα
α¬ααααααα α α α αααΆαααααα ααα Puritan work ethic ααααααΆα ααα α Puritans αα α
(α αααααααα αα’αααααααα’α‘ααααα ααα‘α¦ ααα‘α§)
pursuit of happiness ααΆα ααααααααα
QQuakers ααα α (α ααα α αααα α ) quarantine ααΆα αα αα α ααα quorum α ααααα α α , ααα
Rracial αα α αα racial group ααα α αα racial segregation ααΆααααα α αα racism α ααααα radical αααΆα ratification α α ααα, α α αα ratify α αα α ααα, α ααα α αα, α’ααα real politic αα ααα real wages αα αα ααα rebate α αααα ααααα, ααααααα recall ααΆαα αααα
United States History & Government Glossary β High School Level
NYS Statewide Language RBERN 21
ENGLISH KHMER recession ααααΎα α αα ααααααααα α reciprocity ααΆα αα ααα, ααΆαααααα αα ααα αα reconstruction ααΆαα ααα‘αΎαααRed Scare ααΆαα α α α αααΎα ααααααααααα
α¬αααααααααα αααΆα redistribution of wealth ααΆαααααα αααα αααα‘αΎαααreferendum α αα α ααα αα refugee αααα ααα region ααα regionalism αααααα regulation ααα α religion α religious beliefs ααααΏ α religious group ααα α reparation ααα ααΆαααααα repeal α ααα, ααΆαααα αα α representation ααΆαα α, ααΆαααααα α,
ααα αα ααααααΆαα α α, ααααα αααα α ααααα αααααααααααα
representative α α, α α αα α, α’ααα αααα α, α α ααα
representative democracy αα ααααα α α representative government α α α α ααααααΎα repression ααΆααα, ααΆααα α α republic ααααα Republican αα αααααα Republican Party αα αααααα reservations ααΆαααααααααα , ααΆααα (ααααα)αα,
ααΆααααααα, ααα ααα resignation ααΆα αααααααα, αααα αααααΆα α resolution αα αα α resources αα α respect α αα return to normalcy ααα‘αα ααΆα ααααΎαααrevenue tariff ααααααα αα αα revolution αααααα rider αααααα α ααα αα, α§αααααα rights ααα rights of the accused αααααααα αα α RightsβWing Groups αααααα α riot αα ααα
United States History & Government Glossary β High School Level
NYS Statewide Language RBERN 22
ENGLISH KHMER river systems ααααααααα roads α αααα Roosevelt Corollary α’α α α ααα Rosenberg trials ααΆααα α αα αααααα Rugged Individualism αα ααααα ααα α αα α ααααα―α αα
ααα α α’αα ααααα α α α rule of law ααααα rural αααα
SSacco and Vanzetti case αααααΏα αα αα αααα salutary neglect ααΆαααααα αααα ααααΎααΆαα αα Sandinistas ααααα α (αααα αααααα α ) satellite nation αααααα scabs ααααααααααααααααα αααααα scandal αααΏα ααα, ααΆα ααα scarcity αααα α, ααΆαααα α Scopes trial ααΆααααααααα α ααα α secede ααααα αααα ααααα α secession ααΆα α α αααα ααα’αααα Second Continental Congress α αααααααΎαααα sectionalism αα ααααα securities ααα α αααα , ααααααα Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) ααα α αααΆαααααα ααα αα α sedition ααΆααααα α α α¬ααα αα α, ααΆα ααααα α Sedition Act α αα α αααΆααααα α αααα αα α segregation αα αααα , ααΆααααααα α selfβdetermination ααΆαααα α α ααααα―α Senate ααααα Seneca Falls ααα α α αααααΆα αα ( ααα α α αααΎααααα’α
αααααα ) separate but equal αααααα α ααααα αΎ α
( ααΆαααα α αααα αα α αα αα ααααααααα ααααααα αΎ α )
separation ααΆααααα separation of church and state ααΆαααααα ααααα α ααααα separation of powers ααΆαααααα’ α settlement house αααααααα αααα’αα ααΆαααα ααΆα
αααα ααααααααα α αα ααα ααααα αααααα α
sharecropping ααΆααα αααααααα
United States History & Government Glossary β High School Level
NYS Statewide Language RBERN 23
ENGLISH KHMER (ααααααααα αα ααααααααα)
Shayβs Rebellion ααΆααααΎαααα ααααα α Shay Sherman AntiβTrust Act α ααα αα’αααΎααααααααα α Sherman Sitβin α’ααα (αααααα α αααΆαααΆαααααααα
αααααα α ααΆαααα αααα) slave trade αααααα ααα slave uprisings ααΆααααΎαααα αααα ααα slavery α α slums αααα’ ααααα social behavior α αααααα social contract αα α αα αααα Social Darwinism ααααααα ααααα social gospel αααααααααα αααα αα αα social security ααα αααααα social services αα ααααααααα α social tensions ααΆα ααααααααα socialism ααααααα Socialist Party αααααααααα Socialist Republics ααααααααααααα society αααα α sociology ααααα α soldiers α South αα α sovereignty α’ααααα α Soviet Union αα αααα α space race ααΆααα ααααααααααα’αααΆα Spanish Civil War αα α αααααα’α α spatial patterns α αα Speaker of the House αα αα α α αααSpecial Olympic α’ αα αααα specie ααααα speculation ααΆααααααΎα, ααΆαααααααα sphere of influence αααααα₯αααα spiritual beliefs ααααΏαααΎα α α Square Deal ααΆαα αα αααααα Stamp Act α αα αα Star Wars αα α αααα α α starvation ααΆα α ααα αα’α α α, α α α, ααα αα α α state ααα state action α αααΆααααααα
United States History & Government Glossary β High School Level
NYS Statewide Language RBERN 24
ENGLISH KHMER state government α α α αααα state legislature α’ααααααααα ααα statehood α αααα―α α stereotype α α α, ααΆααααααααααα α α αααΆα α ααα stewardship theory αααα α α’ααααΆαααΆα stock α αα α stock market crash ααΆαααααα αα α strict construction ααΆααααααα ααααα’αααααα αα α¬α―α αα α
α ααΆα strikes ααααα α¬ααΆα ααα αα ααΆα α¬ααΆααα α α ααsubmission ααΆαα αα α ααΆααααα α α subsistence farming αααααααα ααααΎα α αα ααααsuburban ααα¬α ααααsuburbanization αααα ααααααα
(ααα α ααααα ααα αΎα α αααα) subversives ααΆαα α αα¬ααα ααα α α suffrage αααα αα α ααα α summit αααααα αααααααααα super majority αααααα α αααα αΎα α α α αα α α supply and demand ααΆααααααα ααααααααΆα supplyβside economics αααααα α αααααααααα supremacy α§αααα α supremacy clause α α§ααα α Supreme Court α ααΆαααα surveys ααΆααα ααα, α αααΆααα’αααα, αα αααα
TTammany Hall α α
( α’ααααΆααα αααααααααααααΆαααα) tariff ααααααΎα₯ α αα α α α, α αααα ,
ααααα taxation ααΆαααααα taxes ααα Teapot Dome Scandal αααΏα αααααααααα ααα
( αα αααΆααααααα αα ααα ααααα α α‘α©α’α‘ α α‘α©α’α’)
technological unemployment αααααΆα αα α αααα α αα α ααα ααααΎα technology ααα α αα α temperance movement α α αα ααα ααα ( α α αααα ααα
ααΆαααααΎααααΏααααα) tenant farmer αααααααααααα
United States History & Government Glossary β High School Level
NYS Statewide Language RBERN 25
ENGLISH KHMER tenement αα α, ααααα α ααΆαααΆα α termination ααΆαααα α territory ααα, ααααααα , ααα
(ααα αααααααα αα) terrorism ααααααα Tet offensive ααΆα αααα ααα
( ααΆα αααα α αααα ααααα α ααα α α)
textile αααααThe Federalist Papers α―α ααα αααααα The Zenger Case αααααΏααααα α third party ααα Third World αααα α Threeβfifths Compromise ααΆαααααααααα αα totalitarian ααααα α α ααΆα town meeting ααΆαααααααtrade αααααα trade deficit αͺα α αααααα trade imbalance α’αα α αααααα trade markets αα α αααααα tradition ααααα treason α’αααΎα α α treaties αααα α trickle down economic αααααα α αα αα αααα ( α ααααΎ
αα ααα α ααααααΏααα αααΎα’αα αα αα ααααα ααααα αααααα α’αααααααααααααα ααααα)
trust αααα αα , ααΆα αααααΏαααΎ trustβbusting ααΆααααααααΏ
UU.S. Constitution αα ααααααααα unalienable rights αααααααα ααα α ααα α α Uncle Tomβs Cabin αααα’αα
( α αααααΎαααα αα ααα α’ααααα’αααα α αααΏααα ααα α α)
unconstitutional αααααααα αααααααααα under consumption ααΆαααααΎα αααααΆααααα Underground Railroad α ααααααααΆαα Underwood Tariff α αααααααΎα αα undocumented αα αα αααααα α―α α
United States History & Government Glossary β High School Level
NYS Statewide Language RBERN 26
ENGLISH KHMER unemployment α’αααΆα αααα unicameral ααα αα αααα α―αααααααα union αα α United Nations α’ααααΆααα αα α upward mobility ααΆα ααα‘αΎαααααα αα ααα urban αααααα, αααααα ααααααurban development ααΆαα’ααα αααααurbanization ααααααααα utilities α αααα αα, αα αααα αα,
αα ααα ααα
VVersailles Treaty ααααΆα α αααααααα veto αααααα (αααα αα αααα α α/ααααα) veto override ααΆα αα ααααααα
( ααααΎαααΆαα αα α ααααααααα αααααααΎα αα αααααααααααα ααα)
Vice President α’ααα ααα victory ααααα Vietnam ααααααα α α viewpoint αα αα Volstead Act α ααααα α ( α αααΆα α α α) vote α αα α α Voting Rights Act (1965) α ααααα αα α α (1965)
WWagner Act α ααααα α
( α ααα α ααααα αααααααα ααα αααα) war αα α α War against poverty αα α ααα ααα ααααα Watergate scandal αααΏα ααααααα αα
( αααΏα ααααα ααααααα αααααααααα α α α‘α©α§α )
wealth αα α, α αααα , α αααα αα αα , ααα α
welfare capitalism αα α αααααααα welfare reform ααααααααα α α West ααα western ααααα αααααα Whiskey Rebellion ααΆααααΎαααα ααααα αααα White House αααα α
United States History & Government Glossary β High School Level
NYS Statewide Language RBERN 27
ENGLISH KHMER white supremacy α§ααα ααααα αα wildcat strike αααα α ααα ( ααααααααααααααααα
α ααα αα α α α ααααα αααα α womenβs right αααααα Womanβs Suffrage αααα αα α ααααααα work ethic ααααααΆα α working class ααα αααααα Works Project Administration ααΆα αααα αααα α World Court α ααΆααααα α world war αα α αα α worldview αα αααααα α Wounded Knee αααααααααααα
( α ααααα α ααααα αα₯ α αα αααα αααααααα ααααΎα αααααα αα α α ααααα)
writ of habeas corpus ααα αα α α ααααα ααΆαα² ααααα αα αααα ααΆα αααααααΆαααααα αααααααΆαααα
writ of mandamus αααΆαα ααΆαα α α² α α α αααααΆααα α αα’ααααα αα² ααα’
X Y Zyellow journalism α’αα ααα ααααααΏα
(α’αα ααα αααααααααα αααααΎ αααα αααααΎαααΆααα)
Yellow Peril αα α α ααααααΏα yellow press ααα ααααααΏα ( ααα αααααα α
ααααααΆααα αααααααα’ααααααααααΎααααΆααα) zoning ααΆαααααα αααα, ααΆααααααα α
(ααα α ααα’ααααα α α αααα αα α α αααααααααΆααα α α αααααααα ααααα αΎααα‘αΎαα αα α)
