How to Legally Protect Your Valuable Secrets and Enforce Your Intellectual Property Rights
United States Government. What is Government? The organization people set up to protect the...
-
Upload
judith-lyons -
Category
Documents
-
view
219 -
download
0
Transcript of United States Government. What is Government? The organization people set up to protect the...
![Page 1: United States Government. What is Government? The organization people set up to protect the community and enforce its rules.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062315/5697bf8b1a28abf838c8af78/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
United States Government
![Page 2: United States Government. What is Government? The organization people set up to protect the community and enforce its rules.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062315/5697bf8b1a28abf838c8af78/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
What is Government?
• The organization people set up to protect the community and enforce its rules
![Page 3: United States Government. What is Government? The organization people set up to protect the community and enforce its rules.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062315/5697bf8b1a28abf838c8af78/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Powers of Government
• Legislative: Power to make laws
• Executive: Power to carry out laws
• Judicial: Power to interpret laws
![Page 4: United States Government. What is Government? The organization people set up to protect the community and enforce its rules.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062315/5697bf8b1a28abf838c8af78/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
What is a Law?
• Official rules and regulations, generally found in the constitution
• Used to govern a society and control the behavior of its members
![Page 5: United States Government. What is Government? The organization people set up to protect the community and enforce its rules.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062315/5697bf8b1a28abf838c8af78/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Kinds of Government
• Monarchy: kings and queens are rulers– King George III
• Dictatorship: government with one ruler– Cuba
• Democracy: people have power– U.S. Government
![Page 6: United States Government. What is Government? The organization people set up to protect the community and enforce its rules.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062315/5697bf8b1a28abf838c8af78/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
• Political system• Rule by the people• People have basic
freedom• Representative
Democracy
Democracy
![Page 7: United States Government. What is Government? The organization people set up to protect the community and enforce its rules.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062315/5697bf8b1a28abf838c8af78/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
The Mayflower Compact
• Mayflower carried Pilgrims from England to Massachusetts
• Before they left the ship, the passengers wrote a document called the Mayflower Compact
• Promised to pass only laws that were fair to everyone and good for the whole community
![Page 8: United States Government. What is Government? The organization people set up to protect the community and enforce its rules.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062315/5697bf8b1a28abf838c8af78/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
The Declaration of Independence
• British raised colonists taxes
• Colonist protested• Fighting began• Committee chosen to write
the document – Benjamin Franklin
– John Adams
– Thomas Jefferson
![Page 9: United States Government. What is Government? The organization people set up to protect the community and enforce its rules.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062315/5697bf8b1a28abf838c8af78/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
• Laid the foundation
for the nation’s future system of government
• Approved on July 4, 1776
• 56 people signed• John Hancock signed
first
![Page 10: United States Government. What is Government? The organization people set up to protect the community and enforce its rules.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062315/5697bf8b1a28abf838c8af78/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Articles of Confederation
• First Constitution of the United States
• Adopted November 15, 1777• A preamble and 13 articles• State governments had most
of the power • Little power given to the
central government
![Page 11: United States Government. What is Government? The organization people set up to protect the community and enforce its rules.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062315/5697bf8b1a28abf838c8af78/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
The Constitution of the United States
• Document that tells basic rules and explain rights of a US citizen
• Written 200 years ago• Written to unite all the
13 colonies
![Page 12: United States Government. What is Government? The organization people set up to protect the community and enforce its rules.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062315/5697bf8b1a28abf838c8af78/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Constitution
• 57 men helped write it in 1787
• Ratified by the states in 1788
• It has 7 sections called Articles telling how the government works
![Page 13: United States Government. What is Government? The organization people set up to protect the community and enforce its rules.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062315/5697bf8b1a28abf838c8af78/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Three Separate Branches
• Each branch has power to check the others
• Legislative: Power to make laws
• Executive: Power to carry out laws
• Judicial: Power to interpret laws
![Page 14: United States Government. What is Government? The organization people set up to protect the community and enforce its rules.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062315/5697bf8b1a28abf838c8af78/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
The Bill of Rights• First 10 amendments• It guaranteed certain
freedoms and rights• Added after the
Constitution• Freedom of Speech• Freedom of Religion• Freedom to Assemble
![Page 15: United States Government. What is Government? The organization people set up to protect the community and enforce its rules.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062315/5697bf8b1a28abf838c8af78/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Amendments
• Amendments change the Constitution
• 2/3 of both the Senate and House of Representative must approve
• 3/4 of all states must approve
![Page 16: United States Government. What is Government? The organization people set up to protect the community and enforce its rules.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062315/5697bf8b1a28abf838c8af78/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Federal Government
• Federal government deals with matters that affect the whole country– Defense
– Transportation
– Postal Delivery
– Federal Taxes
![Page 17: United States Government. What is Government? The organization people set up to protect the community and enforce its rules.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062315/5697bf8b1a28abf838c8af78/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Federal GovernmentExecutive Branch
• Executive Branch carries out national laws• The President is head of the Executive Branch • Commander in Chief of nation’s army • Elected to a four year term• Approves the laws that
congress makes• Proposed national budget• Can veto a bill
![Page 18: United States Government. What is Government? The organization people set up to protect the community and enforce its rules.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062315/5697bf8b1a28abf838c8af78/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Federal GovernmentLegislative Branch
• Legislative branch makes laws for the nation
• Two parts of the Legislative Branch– U.S. Senate
– U.S. House of Representatives
![Page 19: United States Government. What is Government? The organization people set up to protect the community and enforce its rules.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062315/5697bf8b1a28abf838c8af78/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Federal GovernmentLegislative Branch
House of Representative• Number according to
size of state’s population
• Representative must live in the state they represent
• 25 years or older• US Citizen for 7 years• Elected to 2 year term
Senate• Each state has 2• Senators must live in
the state they represent
• 30 years or older• Citizen of the U.S.
for 9 years• Elected to 6 year
term
![Page 20: United States Government. What is Government? The organization people set up to protect the community and enforce its rules.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062315/5697bf8b1a28abf838c8af78/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Federal Government Judicial Branch
• Judicial Branch interprets and applies national laws• Make up of the court system• Highest is the Supreme Court
- appointed for life terms• Lowest levels are
Justice of Peace • Gets its powers from
Article III of the Constitution
![Page 21: United States Government. What is Government? The organization people set up to protect the community and enforce its rules.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062315/5697bf8b1a28abf838c8af78/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
State Government
• State Government deals with matters within their own state– Schools
– State Roads
– State Taxes
– State Police
![Page 22: United States Government. What is Government? The organization people set up to protect the community and enforce its rules.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062315/5697bf8b1a28abf838c8af78/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
State GovernmentExecutive Branch
• Headed by the governor• Elected to 4 year term• Carries out laws of the
state• Proposes state budget• Commander of the state
militia• Can veto bills
![Page 23: United States Government. What is Government? The organization people set up to protect the community and enforce its rules.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062315/5697bf8b1a28abf838c8af78/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
State GovernmentLegislative Branch
• Makes state laws• New York Senate has 61
members - 4 year terms• New York assembly has
150 - 2 year terms• Chief Officer assembly
speaker• Legislature convenes in
January
![Page 24: United States Government. What is Government? The organization people set up to protect the community and enforce its rules.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062315/5697bf8b1a28abf838c8af78/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
State GovernmentJudicial Branch
• Interprets and applies state laws
• New York Court of Appeals - appointed for 14 years
• State Supreme Court - elected for a 14 year term
![Page 25: United States Government. What is Government? The organization people set up to protect the community and enforce its rules.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062315/5697bf8b1a28abf838c8af78/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Other Kinds of Government
• County Government• City Government
– controls an area with large population
• Town Government• Village Government
The People
![Page 26: United States Government. What is Government? The organization people set up to protect the community and enforce its rules.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062315/5697bf8b1a28abf838c8af78/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Provide Public Service
Protect the Safety of their
Citizens
Provide a System of
Justice
Protect the Rights of
Individuals
Promote the Well Being of their Citizens
Purpose of State & Local Governments
Establish local fire
departments
Patrol state highways
Build Roads
Sanitation facilities
Provide state funds for schools
Maintain state prison system
Pass local fair housing laws
![Page 27: United States Government. What is Government? The organization people set up to protect the community and enforce its rules.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062315/5697bf8b1a28abf838c8af78/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
What is a Citizen?• Two kinds of citizens• Native-born citizens
– Born here
– Children of American citizens born while visiting other countries
• Naturalized citizens– Have to be at least 18
– From other countries
– Lived here 5 years to qualify
– 3 years if they’re married to an American citizen
![Page 28: United States Government. What is Government? The organization people set up to protect the community and enforce its rules.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062315/5697bf8b1a28abf838c8af78/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Citizen’s Rights• Countries protect their citizens and
give them rights • Naturalized and Native-born citizens
have the same rights, except one• Naturalized citizens can’t run for
president• Citizens can vote• Freedom of Religion• Freedom of Speech• Freedom of the Press
![Page 29: United States Government. What is Government? The organization people set up to protect the community and enforce its rules.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062315/5697bf8b1a28abf838c8af78/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Citizen’s Responsibilities
• Duty to obey the law• Vote in elections• To pay taxes• If the country is at
war, citizens may be called to serve in the armed forces
• Serve on a jury if called
![Page 30: United States Government. What is Government? The organization people set up to protect the community and enforce its rules.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062315/5697bf8b1a28abf838c8af78/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Patrick Henry
• Born May 29, 1736 in Hanover County, Va.
• Storekeeper and farmer• Member of the
revolutionary convention of Va.
• Died on June 6, 1799• “Give me Liberty or
Give me Death”
![Page 31: United States Government. What is Government? The organization people set up to protect the community and enforce its rules.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062315/5697bf8b1a28abf838c8af78/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Thomas Jefferson• Third President of the
United States in 1801-1809
• Member of the second Continental Congress
• Drafted the Declaration of Independence in 1776
• Politician, Educator and an Architect
![Page 32: United States Government. What is Government? The organization people set up to protect the community and enforce its rules.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062315/5697bf8b1a28abf838c8af78/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Alexander Hamilton
• Helped secure New York's ratification of the Constitution
• First Secretary of the Treasury
• Shot and killed in a duel with former U.S. vice-president Aaron Burr, a long-time political rival
![Page 33: United States Government. What is Government? The organization people set up to protect the community and enforce its rules.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062315/5697bf8b1a28abf838c8af78/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
John Jay
• Continental Congress • Commissioner Treaty of
Paris Continental Congress 1774-1775
• First Chief Justice of the Supreme Court
• Helped negotiate peace with Great Britain
• Governor of N.Y.
![Page 34: United States Government. What is Government? The organization people set up to protect the community and enforce its rules.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062315/5697bf8b1a28abf838c8af78/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
Thomas Paine
• Wrote Common Sense, which called for American independence from Great Britain
• Born in Thetford, England • 1774-Moved to Philadelphia• Influenced fighters in the
Revolutionary War• Buried in New Rochelle, NY
![Page 35: United States Government. What is Government? The organization people set up to protect the community and enforce its rules.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062315/5697bf8b1a28abf838c8af78/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
George Washington
• Born February 22, 1732• General in the French and
Indian War • General in Revolutionary
War• President of the
Constitutional Convention• First President of the
United States
![Page 36: United States Government. What is Government? The organization people set up to protect the community and enforce its rules.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062315/5697bf8b1a28abf838c8af78/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
Sam Adams
• Adams was born in Boston on September 27, 1722.
• After college was a success law student.
• Adams was a delegate to the Second Continental Congress
• also subsequently
![Page 37: United States Government. What is Government? The organization people set up to protect the community and enforce its rules.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062315/5697bf8b1a28abf838c8af78/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
James Madison
• From Virginia • Founding Father • Wrote Bill of Rights• Signed the Constitution • Married Dolly Madison • Congressman • 4th President of the
United States
![Page 38: United States Government. What is Government? The organization people set up to protect the community and enforce its rules.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062315/5697bf8b1a28abf838c8af78/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
Francis Scott Key
• Watched the bombardment of Fort McHenry, in Baltimore Harbor by the British in September 1814
• The fort withstood the attack, and the sight of the American flag at dawn inspired Key's verses, set to a popular English drinking tune
![Page 39: United States Government. What is Government? The organization people set up to protect the community and enforce its rules.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062315/5697bf8b1a28abf838c8af78/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
National Anthem
• “O say can you see...”• Hymn of loyalty to our country
• Designation as national anthem by executive order in 1916 was confirmed by an act of Congress in 1931
• Written by Francis Scott Key, a Washington D.C. lawyer
![Page 40: United States Government. What is Government? The organization people set up to protect the community and enforce its rules.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062315/5697bf8b1a28abf838c8af78/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
American Flag
• Symbol of our nation• Original had 13
alternating red & white stripes and 13 stars-one for each colony
• Now one star for each state (50)
• Legend is that Betsy Ross sewed 1st flag for George Washington
![Page 41: United States Government. What is Government? The organization people set up to protect the community and enforce its rules.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062315/5697bf8b1a28abf838c8af78/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
Pledge of Allegiance
• I pledge allegiance to the flag of the United States of America and to the republic for which it stands: one nation, under God, indivisible, with liberty and justice for all.