Unit XIV - The Protestant Unit XIV - The Protestant Reformation and the Bubonic Reformation and the Bubonic

PlaguePlague

The Protestant Religions, 1 – 18The Protestant Religions, 1 – 18

The Bubonic Plague, 19 - 21The Bubonic Plague, 19 - 21

Copyright 2006; C. Pettinato, RCS High School, All Rights Reserved

1. Video1. Video

2. Causes of the Protestant Reform 2. Causes of the Protestant Reform Movement (Reformation)Movement (Reformation)

A. Why were people of the 1400’s and A. Why were people of the 1400’s and 1500’s questioning the authority the 1500’s questioning the authority the Catholic Church?Catholic Church?

1. corruption of the clergy1. corruption of the clergy 2. concern with wealth and power2. concern with wealth and power 3. preoccupation with worldly possessions3. preoccupation with worldly possessions 4. preoccupation with worldly pleasures4. preoccupation with worldly pleasures 5. slowness to reform 5. slowness to reform

3. The Story of Martin Luther3. The Story of Martin Luther

A. He opposed the selling of indulgencesA. He opposed the selling of indulgences B. He was insulted by Johann TetzelB. He was insulted by Johann Tetzel C. He wrote the C. He wrote the “95 Theses“95 Theses” - printed and ” - printed and

distributed across Europedistributed across Europe D. He was urged to recant - refusedD. He was urged to recant - refused E. He began criticizing the tyranny of the E. He began criticizing the tyranny of the

churchchurch F. He was excommunicated in 1521F. He was excommunicated in 1521 G. He hid from Holy Roman Emperor for 1 G. He hid from Holy Roman Emperor for 1

year year

4. Martin Luther4. Martin Luther

5. Video5. Video

6. Luther’s Teachings6. Luther’s Teachings

A. What were the teachings of Martin Luther?A. What were the teachings of Martin Luther? 1. Salvation could be achieved through faith alone 1. Salvation could be achieved through faith alone

and not by good deedsand not by good deeds 2. The Bible was the sole source of religious truth 2. The Bible was the sole source of religious truth

not cannon law, church councils, or the Popenot cannon law, church councils, or the Pope 3. Priests had no special powers that believers 3. Priests had no special powers that believers

didn’t havedidn’t have 4. Rejected 5 of the 7 sacraments4. Rejected 5 of the 7 sacraments 5. Abolished rituals like the mass5. Abolished rituals like the mass

His followers became known as LutheransHis followers became known as Lutherans

7. John Calvin7. John Calvin

A. What were the teachings of John Calvin?A. What were the teachings of John Calvin? 1. published Institutes of the Christian 1. published Institutes of the Christian

Religion.Religion. 2. Bible sole source of truth – salvation 2. Bible sole source of truth – salvation

through faith alonethrough faith alone 3. humans by nature were sinful, people 3. humans by nature were sinful, people

either saints or sinnerseither saints or sinners 4. predestination4. predestination 5. theocracy5. theocracy 6. strict lifestyle6. strict lifestyle

8. Henry VIII – The Church of 8. Henry VIII – The Church of EnglandEngland

A. Also known as the Anglican Church or A. Also known as the Anglican Church or

the Episcopalian Churchthe Episcopalian Church B. How it was formed:B. How it was formed: 1. Henry’s desire for an annulment (divorce)1. Henry’s desire for an annulment (divorce) 2. Refusal of the Pope 2. Refusal of the Pope 3. Stirred up feelings against the Pope3. Stirred up feelings against the Pope 4. Act of Supremacy (1534)4. Act of Supremacy (1534) 5. Appointment of Thomas Cranmer5. Appointment of Thomas Cranmer 6. Confiscation of monastery and convent 6. Confiscation of monastery and convent

lands - excommunicationlands - excommunication

9. The Evolution of Christianity9. The Evolution of Christianity

10. The Tower of London10. The Tower of London

11. The Succession of the Tudor’s11. The Succession of the Tudor’s

A. Henry VIII - AnglicanA. Henry VIII - Anglican B. Edward VI – short reign – Anglican B. Edward VI – short reign – Anglican C. Mary Tudor (Mary Queen of the Scots) – C. Mary Tudor (Mary Queen of the Scots) –

a Catholic like her mother Catherine of a Catholic like her mother Catherine of Aragon, anti-ProtestantAragon, anti-Protestant

D. Elizabeth I – a Protestant tolerant of all D. Elizabeth I – a Protestant tolerant of all religions who supported her and Englandreligions who supported her and England

12. Elizabeth I of England12. Elizabeth I of England

A. How did Elizabeth restore unity to the A. How did Elizabeth restore unity to the Protestant and Catholic populations of Protestant and Catholic populations of England (who had become enemies) ?England (who had become enemies) ?

B. How did she secure her own power?B. How did she secure her own power?

C. How did she help England?C. How did she help England?

13. Other Protestant Religions13. Other Protestant Religions

A. The Presbyterian Church – John KnoxA. The Presbyterian Church – John Knox

B. The Anabaptists – Baptist, Quakers, B. The Anabaptists – Baptist, Quakers, Mennonites, AmishMennonites, Amish

C. The MethodistsC. The Methodists

14. The Catholic Response – The 14. The Catholic Response – The Counter ReformationCounter Reformation

A. Council of Trent 1545 - 1565A. Council of Trent 1545 - 1565 B. “Reforms”:B. “Reforms”: 1. faith 1. faith andand good works good works 2. Bible a major source of truth but not the only 2. Bible a major source of truth but not the only

sourcesource 3. penalties for worldliness and corruption 3. penalties for worldliness and corruption 4. new school for a better educated clergy4. new school for a better educated clergy 5. he Inquisition5. he Inquisition 6. indulgences are allowed6. indulgences are allowed

15. The Inquisition – St Dominic 15. The Inquisition – St Dominic

16. Catholic Reformers16. Catholic Reformers

A. Ignatius LoyolaA. Ignatius Loyola

B. St Theresa of AvilaB. St Theresa of Avila

17. Impact Upon the Non Believers17. Impact Upon the Non Believers

A. How did the Inquisition affect non A. How did the Inquisition affect non Christians in Europe?Christians in Europe?

B. How did it affect Jews?B. How did it affect Jews?

18. Joan of Arc – a Famous 18. Joan of Arc – a Famous “Heretic”“Heretic”

19. The Bubonic Plague19. The Bubonic Plague

A. How and when did the plague spread to A. How and when did the plague spread to Europe?Europe?

B. What was another name for it?B. What was another name for it?

C. What impact did it have on European C. What impact did it have on European society?society?

D. Why did people fear it so much?D. Why did people fear it so much?

20. Video20. Video

21. The Bubonic Plague21. The Bubonic Plague

22. Important Terms and People22. Important Terms and People

1. Protestant1. Protestant 2. Martin Luther2. Martin Luther 3. Henry Tudor3. Henry Tudor 4. recant4. recant 5. John Calvin5. John Calvin 6. Anglican Church6. Anglican Church 7. heretic7. heretic 8. Catholic 8. Catholic

ReformationReformation 9. indulgence9. indulgence 10. heresy10. heresy

11. predestination11. predestination 12. Inquisition12. Inquisition 13. ghetto13. ghetto 14. theocracy14. theocracy 15. annulment15. annulment 16. Council of Trent16. Council of Trent 17. Elizabeth I17. Elizabeth I 18. Mary Tudor18. Mary Tudor 19. Bubonic Plague19. Bubonic Plague 20. depopulation20. depopulation