Unit Six Building an Empire. Chapter 19 Foreign Policy: Setting a Course for Expansion.
Transcript of Unit Six Building an Empire. Chapter 19 Foreign Policy: Setting a Course for Expansion.
Unit SixBuilding an Empire
Chapter 19Foreign Policy: Setting a Course for Expansion
Foreign Policy Foreign Policy
◦ Set of guidelines and practices that a nation follows in its relations with other nations
Diplomacy Art of conducting negotiations with other nations
Commodore Perry◦ Japan
Washington’s Farewell AddressNeutrality◦ The policy of not taking sides in wars between other
nationsUnilateralism◦ A policy of not seeking military or political alliances
with foreign powers
Realism vs. IdealismRealism◦ International relations should be guided by pragmatic
self-interest –practical goals such as national defense and access resources
Idealism◦ The belief that moral values should influence relations
Staying home sick? Idealist or Realist
Idealistic or Realistic?Cold War
National Parks
Revolutionary War
War in Iraq
Favors?
War of 1812 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=c7Hh8W69cos&feature=related
Treaty of Ghent◦ Peace between U.S. and U.K.◦ “Not one inch of territory ceded or lost”
Monroe Doctrine Monroe Doctrine◦ Declaration warning European powers against future
colonization in the Western Hemisphere or interference in Latin American republics.
Non-ColonizationNon-Interference
Expansion through Diplomacy
Texas RevolutionTexas owned by Mexico◦Americans moved in
Abolished Slavery◦Upset Americans in Mexico
Texas Revolution◦Alamo
Mexican-American WarJames K. Polk◦Disagreed with Mexico on Texas border
Provokes a War◦Sends troops to the Rio Grande
Mexican-American WarTreaty of Guadalupe◦U.S. received = Texas border, Texas west to
California◦Mexico received = $15 Million
Treaty of Guadalupe
Beginnings of ImperialismImperialism◦Empire building
◦Protectorate Nation protected and controlled by a stronger
nation
Realist or Idealist?
Proof is in the Pudding
How Should We Expand?Henry Cabot Lodge Carl Schurz
Josiah Strong Alfred T. Mahan
Chapter 20The Spanish-American War
Hearst vs. PulitzerNew York Journal New York World
Yellow Journalism
Exaggerated style of reporting with sensational news stories
Mass Media
Methods of communicating to a mass audience.
Yellow Journalism
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=h0mjkLPvrQM
Cuban Struggles Want Independence from SpainIdealism◦Americans empathize with Cubans
Realism◦Americans want to protect business interests
Mass Media Hysteria!Cuban Struggle◦Hearst and Pulitzer exaggerated Spanish rule
de Lome Letter◦Spanish ambassador has letter stolen◦Letter criticizes President McKinley◦Letter published in the New York Journal
USS Maine◦U.S. ship explodes in Havana harbor◦Hearst and Pulitzer blame the Spanish
Spanish – American War, 1898Investigation on USS Maine◦1898, Mine responsible◦1976, accidental explosion
US declares war on Spain◦Media to blame?
Spanish – American War, 1898Did we need to go to war?
de Lome LetterUSS Maine explosion
Spanish – American War, 1898Philippines ◦American soldiers and Filipino rebels
Joined forces, defeat Spanish in PhilippinesCuba◦Rough Riders
U.S. Volunteer Cavalry handpicked by Theodore Roosevelt
San Juan Hill
The Teller AmendmentResolution◦A formal statement about a course of action
Cuba ◦Promised to help overthrow Spanish rile
Military force and aid◦Promised to liberate Cuba after war
After the war . . . . . . . They found out we were just kidding about that last part.
Treaty of Paris
1. Cuba granted Independence
2. Puerto Rico and Guam ceded to U.S.
3. Philippines cede to U.S. for $20 Million◦U.S. is now a colonial empire
Should we accept the Treaty? Anti-Imperialist League◦Organization against the establishment of U.S.
colonies Mark Twain
Supporters◦Theodore Roosevelt and William McKinley
Platt Amendment Allowed the U.S. to intervene in Cuban
affairsAllowed U.S. to buy and lease land for
naval bases◦U.S. business interests owned 60% of the
Cuban economy
Chapter 21 Acquiring and Managing Global Power
Roosevelt’s Foreign Policy
Big Stick Policy
Roosevelt Corollary
Did it work?
Taft’s Foreign Policy
Dollar Diplomacy
Did it work?
Wilson’s Foreign Policy
Moral Diplomacy
Self-determination
Did it work?
Panama Canal U.S. helps Panama overthrow Colombian
RulePanama Canal◦ Improved international trade
Panama Canal Locks◦Gates that raise and lower water levels,
allowing ships to travel the canal
U.S. and Mexico Francisco Madero◦Tried to overthrow government◦Killed by his general Victoriano Huerta
American Businessmen◦Wanted Wilson to recognize Huerta
government◦Wilson refused to recognize a “government of
butchers” Idealist or Realist
U.S. and Mexico Wilson and Huerta◦Almost go to war
Wilson sent troops to Veracruz Aid revolution against Huerta
◦ Outcry Mexican and Americans
Puerto Rico Military government◦ infrastructure
Civilian government◦Puerto Ricans became frustrated with U.S.◦Jones Act, 1917
Puerto Rico becomes a U.S. territory Idealist or Realist
Philippines Emilio Aguinaldo◦Leader of Filipino resistance
Philippines wants independence◦U.S. denied them freedom
Try to start own government U.S. doesn’t recognize it
Aguinaldo Rebels War breaks out
200,000 Filipinos die US rebuild Philippines
Hawaii American controlled Economy◦Sugarcane and Pineapple
Queen Liliuokalani◦1891, new constitution◦White planters weren’t happy
1893, U.S. forces overthrow Liliuokalani◦Debate raged in the U.S.
Made in China Spheres of Influence
Areas where a single nation controlled trading rights
Open Door Policy, 1899All foreign nations are allowed to trade freely
with China
The Boxer RebellionGroup of Chinese who wanted to remove
foreign influence from ChinaThey led an insurrection
Rebellion Crushed by foreign powers