1970s Womens Jumpsuit

Unit 9 Disco

Disco is a genre of dance music. Its popularity peaked during the

middle to late 1970s. It had its roots in clubs that catered to African

American, gay, psychedelic and other communities in New York City

and Philadelphia during the late 1960s and early 1970s.

Musical influences include funk, Latin and soul music. The disco

sound has soaring, often reverberated vocals over a steady "four-

on-the-floor" beat, an eighth note or 16th note hi-hat pattern with

an open hi-hat on the off-beat, and a prominent, syncopated electric

bass line sometimes consisting of octaves. The Fender Jazz Bass is

often associated with disco bass lines, because the instrument itself

has a very prominent 'voice' in the musical

mix. In most disco tracks, strings, horns,

electric pianos, and electric guitars create a

lush background sound. Orchestral

instruments such as the flute are often used

for solo melodies, and unlike in rock, lead

guitar is rarely used.

Disco fashions were very trendy in the late

1970s. Disco goers often wore expensive

and extravagant fashions for nights out at their local disco, such as sheer,

flowing dresses for women and shiny polyester shirts for men with pointy

collars, preferably open at the chest, often worn with double-knit

polyester shirt jackets with matching trousers known as the leisure suit.

Necklaces and medallions were a common fashion accessory.

Because the term "disco" became unfashionable at the start of the 1980s

it was replaced by "dance music" and "dance

pop" which described music powered by the

basic disco beat. In the decades since, dance

clubs have remained highly popular, and the

disco beat has informed the sound of many of

music's biggest stars.

1970s Mens Leisure Suit

ABBA

Swedish pop group formed in Stockholm in 1972

Members were Anni-Frid "Frida" Lyngstad, Bjrn Ulvaeus, Benny Andersson and

Agnetha Fltskog.

They became one of the most commercially successful acts in the history of pop music,

topping the charts worldwide from 1972 to 1982. ABBA sold over 375 million records

worldwide

ABBA was the first pop group to come from a non-English-speaking country that enjoyed

consistent success in the charts of English-speaking countries

During the band's existence, Fltskog and Ulvaeus were a married couple, as were

Lyngstad and Anderssonalthough both couples later divorced

ABBA were widely noted for the colorful and trend-setting costumes its members wore

Their last public performance together as ABBA was on the British TV program The Late,

Late Breakfast Show (live from Stockholm) 11 December 1982.

In 2000, ABBA were reported to have turned down an offer of approximately

$1,000,000,000 (one billion US dollars) to do a reunion tour consisting of 100 concerts.

On 4 July 2008, all four ABBA members were reunited at the Swedish premiere of

Mamma Mia!.

Well known songs

o Dancing Queen

o Funky Feet

o I Am Just a Girl

o I'm Still Alive

o Knowing Me, Knowing You

o Mamma Mia

o Rock 'N' Roll Band

o Take A Chance On Me

o SOS

o Lay all your love on me

o Waterloo

Village People

Village People is a concept disco group formed in the United States in 1977, well known

for their on-stage costumes depicting American cultural stereotypes, as well as their

catchy tunes and suggestive lyrics.

Original members were: Victor Willis (the police officer character), Felipe Rose (the

Indian), Randy Jones (the cowboy), Glenn Hughes (the biker), David Hodo (the

construction worker) and Alex Briley (the G.I.).

The band's name references New York City's Greenwich Village neighborhood, at the

time known for having a substantial gay population.

Originally created to target disco's gay audience by featuring popular gay fantasy

personas, the band's popularity quickly brought them into mainstream.

Village People scored a number of disco and dance hits, including their trademark

"Macho Man", "Go West", the classic club medley of "San Francisco (You've Got Me) / In

Hollywood (Everybody is a Star)", "In the Navy", "Can't Stop the Music", and their

biggest hit, "Y.M.C.A.".

In September 2008, the group received a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame. They

have sold upwards of 100 million records world-wide.

In 1979, the United States Navy considered using "In the Navy" in a recruiting

advertising campaign on television and radio. They contacted Belolo, who decided to

give the rights for free on the condition that the Navy help them shoot the music video.

The Navy provided them with a warship (USS Reasoner (FF-1063)), several aircraft, and

the crew of the ship. The Navy later canceled the campaign.

Donna Summer

Real name was LaDonna Adrian Gaines

born December 31, 1948 in Boston Mass

In 1971, while still using her birth name Donna Gaines, she released her first single, a cover of

"Sally Go 'Round the Roses", though it was not a hit.

Issued her first album, Lady of the Night, in 1974.

By early 1976, "Love To Love You Baby" had reached #2 on the US Billboard Hot 100, while the

parent album of the same name sold over a million copies.

o The song generated controversy for Summer's moans and groans and some US radio

stations, like several in Europe, refused to play it.

Other notable Songs:

o Last Dance

o Hot Stuff

o Hes A Rebel

o Dim All the Lights

o On the Radio

After the release of the greatest hits album, Summer wanted to branch out and record other

formats in addition to disco.

The Wanderer; peaked at #3 in the US, subsequent singles were moderate hits.

Summer delivered the album "She Works Hard for the Money" in 1983. The title song became a

hit reaching number three on the US Hot 100, and Summer would receive a Grammy

nomination for this song.

Summer experienced success in the 1980s with several hit singles and gold albums, but she was

mainly seen as a disco artist from the 70s, along with acts such as Gloria Gaynor, the Bee Gees,

and KC and the Sunshine Band.

In 2008, Summer released her first studio album of original music in 14 years entitled Crayons,

which brought her American success, peaking at #17 on the US Top 200 Album Chart

o . The songs "I'm A Fire", "Stamp Your Feet", and "Fame (The Game)" reached number

one on the US Billboard Dance Chart.

Awards

o She was the first female African American to receive an MTV Video Music Awards

nomination. ("Best Female Video" and "Best Choreography" for "She Works Hard For

The Money")

o Academy Award for Best Original Song "Last Dance".

o Two Golden Globe Award nominations (one win for "Last Dance" Song and one

nominated for "The Deep" John Barry's Song).

o Grammy Awards

1979 Best R&B Vocal Performance (Female), Last Dance

1980 Best Rock Vocal Performance (Female), Hot Stuff

1984 Best Inspirational Performance, He's a Rebel

1985 Best Inspirational Performance, Forgive Me

1998 Best Dance Recording, Carry On

KC and the Sunshine Band

Founded in 1973 in Miami, Florida, their style has included

funk, R&B, and disco.

Their most well-known songs include the disco hits

o "That's the Way (I Like It)", "(Shake, Shake, Shake)

Shake Your Booty", "I'm Your Boogie Man", "Keep It

Comin' Love", "Get Down Tonight", "Give It Up",

and "Please Don't Go".

They took their name from lead vocalist Harry Wayne

Casey's last name ("KC") and the "Sunshine Band" from KC's

home state of Florida ('The Sunshine State').

The initial members were just Casey and Richard Finch, but

they soon added guitarist Jerome Smith (June 18, 1953 -

July 28, 2000[1]) and drummer Robert Johnson

The first few songs, "Blow Your Whistle" (September 1973)

and "Sound Your Funky Horn" (February 1974), were

released as singles

"Rock Your Baby" featuring Smith on guitar, and became a

number one hit in 51 countries in mid 1974.

KC and the Sunshine Band (album- 1975) was the group's

first major U.S. hit with "Get Down Tonight". "That's the

Way (I Like It)" also became a number one hit in November

1975

singles:

o "I'm Your Boogie Man", "(Shake, Shake, Shake)

Shake Your Booty" and "Keep It Comin' Love"

"Please Don't Go"

In 1981, the partnership between Finch and Casey came to

an ugly end

A revival in the interest of disco music in 1991 brought Casey out of retirement. He reformed

the group with entirely new members except for the percussionist and began touring once again

Several KC/Finch songs have been included in the Dance Dance Revolution series of dance video

games. "That's the Way (I Like It)" was included in the original Dance Dance Revolution, "Shake

Your Booty" was in Dance Dance Revolution 4thMix and "Get Down Tonight" was in DDRMAX2

Dance Dance Revolution

KC and the Sunshine Band

Original Members

Harry "KC" Wayne Casey (lead vocals)

Maria De Crescenzo (back up vocals)

Anika Ellis (back up vocals)

Fermin Goytisolo (Percussion)

Rusty Hamilton III (Keyboard)

David Simmons (Drums)

Chris Cadenhead (Keyboards)

Jeffery Reeves (Lead guitar)

Steve Lashley (Bass)

John Reid (Trumpet)

Michael Cordone (Trumpet)

David Palma (Saxophone)

Noah Bellamy (Trombone)

Kenetha Morris (Dancer)

Lisa Marie Torres (Dancer)

Saturday Night Fever is a 1977 drama film starring John Travolta as Tony

Manero, an immature young man whose weekends are spent visiting a local

Brooklyn discothque; Karen Lynn Gorney as his dance partner and eventual

friend (they never do date in the film and the film closes with their

agreement to be friends), and Donna Pescow as Tony's former dance

partner and would-be girlfriend. While in the disco, Tony is the king. His

care-free youth and weekend dancing help him to temporarily forget the

reality of his life: a dead-end job, clashes with his unsupportive and

squabbling parents, racial tensions in the local community, and his

associations with a gang of macho friends.

A huge commercial success, the film significantly helped to popularize disco

music around the world. The Saturday Night Fever soundtrack, featuring

disco songs by the Bee Gees, is the best- selling soundtrack of all time. The

film is the first example of cross-media marketing, with the tie-in soundtrack's single being used to help

promote the film before its release and the film popularizing the entire soundtrack after its release. Two

theatrical versions of the film were released: the Original R-rated version and an edited PG-rated

version. (The PG-13 rating was not created until 1984.)

Plot

19-year-old Tony Manero (John Travolta) is a skirt-chasing Italian American from New York City. Tony

lives at home with his bickering and demeaning parents and works at a dead-end job in a small

hardware store. But on Saturday nights Tony rules the dance floor with his frequent appearances at

2001 Odyssey, a local discotheque. Tony has four close friends: Joey; Double J. Gus and the diminutive

Bobby C. An informal member of their group is Annette, a neighborhood girl who has been Tony's

partner in previous dance competitions and longs for a more permanent and physical relationship with

him.

Knowing Annette has the right moves to win an upcoming dance contest, Tony agrees to be her partner

when she recruits him for the competition, much to Annette's delight. Her happiness is short-lived,

however, when Tony dumps Annette after seeing Stephanie Mangano dance at the disco and later at a

neighborhood dance studio. Stephanie is an older, talented dancer with an upper-class aura, and Tony,

infatuated, believes she can help him win the competition. Stephanie works as a secretary for a

magazine publisher in Manhattan and is poised to move there, where she has more opportunities to

work her way up. She even talks about meeting celebrities like Joe Namath and David Bowie at the

offices of the magazine she works for. These discussions embarrass Tony for his lack of culture and

connections, but also awaken a desire in him to transcend his Bay Ridge, Brooklyn working-class roots,

yet do not overcome his reluctance to change.

Chic

African American disco and R&B band formed in 1976 by guitarist Nile Rodgers and bassist

Bernard Edwards.

It is known best for its commercially successful disco songs, including:

o "Dance, Dance, Dance (Yowsah, Yowsah, Yowsah)" (1977)

o "Everybody Dance" (1977)

o "Le Freak" (1978)

o "I Want Your Love" (1978)

o "Good Times" (1979)

o "My Forbidden Lover" (1979).

"Le Freak" was created from a jam session in Edwards's apartment, after they had failed on New

Years Eve of 1977 to enter one of New York's exclusive nightclubs, Studio 54. They went home

and vented their anger by playing their music. After several versions, of the song that night

they settled on "Aaa, freak out. " The single was a great success, scoring #1 on the US charts

"Good Times"was one of the most influential songs of the era and it has been sampled since by

many dance and hip-hop acts, as well as being the inspiration for Queen's "Another One Bites

the Dust", Blondie's "Rapture

At the same time, Edwards and Rodgers composed, arranged, performed, and produced many

influential disco and Rhythm & Blues records for various artists, including Sister Sledge's albums

We Are Family (1979)

Edwards died of pneumonia at age 43 on April 18, 1996.

Thompson died of kidney cancer on November 12, 2003 at age 48.

Core band:

Bernard Edwards - bass, vocals

Nile Rodgers - guitar, vocals

Tony Thompson - drums

Alfa Anderson - lead vocals

Luci Martin - lead vocals

The Chic Strings:

Karen Milne

Marianne Carroll

Valerie Haywood

Cheryl Hong

Karen Karlsrud

Gene Orloff

Additional personnel:

Vocals - Fonzi Thornton, Michele Cobbs, Ullanda McCullough, Luther Vandross, Jocelyn Brown,

Sylver Logan Sharp, Jessica Wagner; Keyboards - Robert Sabino, Andy Schwartz, Raymond Jones,

Nathaniel S. Hardy, Jr.; Percussion - Sammy Figueroa

Funk is a music genre that originated in the mid-late 1960s when African American musicians

blended soul music, jazz and R&B into a rhythmic, danceable new form of music. Funk de-

emphasizes melody and harmony and brings a strong rhythmic groove of electric bass and

drums. Funk songs are often based on an extended vamp on a single chord, distinguishing it

from R&B and soul songs centered on chord progressions.

Like much African-inspired music, funk typically consists of

a complex groove with rhythm instruments such as electric

guitar, electric bass, Hammond organ, and drums playing

interlocking rhythms. Slap bass' mixture of thumb-slapped

low notes and finger "popped" (or plucked) high notes

allowed the bass to have a drum-like rhythmic role, which

became a distinctive element of funk. Guitarists typically

play in a percussive style, often using the wah-wah sound

effect and muting the notes in their riffs to create a

percussive sound. Funk bands sometimes have a horn

section of several saxophones, trumpets, and in some

cases, a trombone, which plays rhythmic "hits".

Many of the most famous bands in the genre also played disco and soul extensively. Funk music

was a major influence on the development of disco music and afrobeat, and funk samples have

been used extensively in genres including hip hop, house music and drum and bass. It is also the

main influence of go-go, a subgenre associated with funk.

Kool and the Gang

American jazz, R&B, soul, funk and disco group, originally formed in New Jersey in 1964.

They went through several musical phases during the course of their recording career, starting

out with a jazz sound, then becoming practitioners of R&B and funk, progressing to a smooth

pop-funk ensemble, and in the post-millennium creating music with a modern, electro-pop

sound.

They have sold over 70 million albums worldwide.

The group's main members over the years included:

o Robert Bell (known as "Kool") on bass

o Ronald Bell on tenor saxophone

o James "J.T." Taylor, lead vocalist

o George Brown on drums,

o Robert Mickens on trumpet

o Dennis Thomas on alto saxophone

o Claydes Charles Smith on guitar, and

o Rick Westfield on keyboards.

Of Kool & the Gang's original members, the Bell brothers, Brown and Thomas are still with the

group.

"Jungle Boogie" was featured on the soundtrack of Quentin Tarantino's well known cult classic

Pulp Fiction.

"Hollywood Swinging" was sampled by DJ Kool in his song "Let Me Clear My Throat," and by

rapper Mase on "Feel So Good"

Parliament/Funkadelic

Parliament was originally The Parliaments, a doo-wop vocal group founded by George Clinton.

During a contractual dispute, Clinton temporarily lost the rights to the name "The Parliaments,"

and remamed the ensemble Funkadelic, which Clinton positioned as a funk-rock

With Funkadelic as a recording and touring entity in its own right, in 1970 Clinton relaunched

the singing group, now known as Parliament, at first featuring the same ten members.

Clinton was now the leader of two different acts, Parliament and Funkadelic, which featured the

same members but were marketed as creating two different types of funk.

o Parliament, now augmented by the Horny Horns was positioned as more mainstream

funk ensemble dominated by soulful vocals and horn arrangements,

o Funkadelic was designated as a more experimental and freestyle guitar-based funk band

The ensemble usually toured under the combined name Parliament-Funkadelic or simply P-Funk

(which also became the catch-all term for George Clinton's rapidly growing stable of funk

artists).

In the early 1980s, with legal difficulties arising from the multiple names used by multiple

groups, George Clinton dissolved Parliament and Funkadelic.

He continued to release new albums regularly, sometimes under his own name and sometimes

under the name George Clinton & the P-Funk All-Stars.

Disco Puzzle

Across

3. Song name: _______________ Queen

4. The term disco was replaced with ______________ music in the early 1980s.

5. Chic was formed by Rodgers and _______________.

7. KC and the Sunshine Band got part of their name from this state.

10. ______________ is a group from Sweden.

11. ____________ was born LaDonna Adrian Gaines.

12. A ___________________ suit included shiny polyester shirts with pointy

collars and a polyester jacket and matching pants.

13. _____________ your Booty was included in Dance Dance Revolution 4th Mix.

15. Song name: She works hard for the ____________.

17. _____________ starred in Saturday Night Fever.

18. ____________ was featured on the soundtrack of Pulp Fiction.

19. Funk de-emphasizes melody and put more value on a strong __________

groove.

20. __________ was "written for" (or about) the doorman at Studio 54.

21. George _____________ was the leader of both Parliament and Funkadelic.

Down

1. Disco originally started in two cities, New York City and _______________.

2. Song name: _________ Man

6. The Village People are well known for their on-stage _________________.

7. The _______________ Jazz Bass guitar is often associated with disco.

8. ____________ is a governing body in Great Britain, or the band that is

associated with Funkadelic.

9. Song name: ____________ Feet

14. The Village Peoples biggest hit is _________________

15. The well-known musical ________________________ includes music from ABBA.

16. ___________________ was also known as "Kool."

70s Disco Fashion Disco looks began in the 1970s and was memorable for its hot

pants look and Spandex tops. Shiny clinging Lycra stretch disco

pants in hot strident shiny colours with stretch sequin bandeau

tops were often adaptations of professional modern dance wear

that found itself making an impact in discos as disco dancing

became serious. Gold lame, leopard skin and stretch halter

jumpsuits and white clothes that glowed in Ultra Violet lights

capture the 70s Disco fashion perfectly.

Right -70s Disco Fashion - Hotpants 1971

Left - 1971 Dressmaking pattern for hotpants worn with mini topcoat.

Disco gave way to dress codes and a door screening policy. People had to have tried to

look right to gain entry to clubs. Disco wear was never acceptable for day wear, but for

night it was the only possible wear to enable the participants to be part of the action, to

be part of the atmosphere of strobe lighting, mirror balls and spotlighting of individuals

at any time. Satin jackets that reflected the light and a medallion resting on a tanned

chest in an open neck shirt with the collar turned up were de rigueur, however awful

such fashions might seem now. The latter is a fashion male individuals will never admit

they followed, yet for many men it was the equivalent of the iPod accessory or mobile

phone of today.

Design an original 1970s disco outfit. Please color the person below with your

outfit choice. On the side or back, describe the outfit and explain what makes it

a disco outfit.