Unit 9: Future Tense

Notes 9.1

Learning Goals: By the end of the lesson students will be able to:

1. Understand the concept of future tense.

2. Recognize future tense verbs in Latin and English.

3. Create the future tense in Latin for 1st and 2nd conjugation verbs.

4. Translate words, phrases and sentences using future tense.

Do you remember…?

• Tense, as it relates to verbs, refers to the time of a verb’s action or being.• Present tense indicates an action happening now.• Imperfect tense indicates a past action that was repeated,

habitual, continuous, or customary.• Verbs are organized into 5 groups called conjugations

which are determined by their 2nd principal parts:• -are = 1st • -ēre = 2nd • -ere = 3rd • -ere + -io on the 1st p. part = 3rd –io• -ire = 4th

Future Tense:

• This one is really easy and kind of fun!• We’ve been spending quite a bit of time

with nouns, so now it’s time to remember that verbs still exist!

• The future tense indicates an action that has not happened yet.

What does it look like?

• In English we use the helping words “will” or “shall.”• “Shall” is definitely old fashioned, but it is still used

today, especially in legal documents, so you should know how to use it.

• “Shall” is used for 1st person (I and we), while “will” is used in 2nd and 3rd persons (you, he, she, it, and they).• I shall do it by noon today.• He will do it by noon today.

• These are reversed when a speaker is being emphatic:• If a speaker wants to show emphasis, “will” is used for 1st

person while “shall” is used for 2nd and 3rd persons.• I will do it by noon today.• He shall do it by noon today.

And in Latin?

• To form the future tense for verbs that are 1st or 2nd conjugation follow this rule:

• Does this sound familiar?• This is the same as the rule for present and

imperfect tenses.

• The endings:

2nd p. part / drop the –re / add the endings

-bo-bis-bit

-bimus-bitis-bunt

Example:amo, -are, -avi, -atus – like, love

amabo – I shall love

amabis – you will love

amabit – he/she/it will love

amabimus – we shall love

amabitis – you will love

amabunt – they will love

Example:habeo, -ēre, -ui, -itus – have

habebo – I shall have

habebis – you will have

habebit – he/she/it will have

habebimus – we shall have

habebitis – you will have

habebunt – they will have

Now you try! Translate these sentences.

1. Puella donum amicae donabit.The girl will give a gift to (her) friend.

2. Magistri discipulos in atriō docebunt.The teachers will teach the students in the atrium.

3. Reginam e regnō removebimus.We shall remove the queen from the kingdom.

4. Discipuli, multas fabulas de Romā antiquā narrabo.

Students, I shall tell many stories about ancient Rome.

The Verb Synopsis

• You probably already know the word synopsis means a brief summary.• You probably have used this word in the context of

English class to mean a brief summary of a story.• This word can be used in the context of a verb as

well to mean a brief summary of the tenses of a verb.• Instead of conjugating – where you give the verb in

all its persons, a synopsis is the verb in only one person.• It saves quite a bit of time, but still ensures that you

understand the verb completely.

This is called a Verb Chart. I’ll supply the verb (verbum) and specify a person number (p/n). You fill in the rest!

VERBUM: P/N

PRES.

IMP.

FUT.

PERF.

P. PERF.

F. PERF.

INFIN.

You don’t know these tenses yet, so just leave them blank.

This verb chart is available for you to download from my website and will be necessary for homework. Click on the link called “paradigms chart.”

amo, -are, -avi, -atus – like, love 3rd singular

amat – he/she/it loves

amabit – he/she/it will love

amabat – he/she/it was loving

amare – to love

Let’s see one in a different person and number.

VERBUM: P/N

PRES.

IMP.

FUT.

PERF.

P. PERF.

F. PERF.

INFIN.

habeo, -ēre, -ui, -itus - have 1st plural

habemus – we have

habebimus– we shall have

habebamus – we were having

habēre – to have

My level of understandi

ngCheck for understanding

4I understand the concept of the future tense; I can recognize a verb in the future tense; AND I can conjugate 1st and 2nd conjugation verbs in the future tense without my notes.

3I understand the concept of the future tense; I can recognize a verb in the future tense; AND I can conjugate 1st and 2nd conjugation verbs in the future tense with my notes.

2 I understand the concept of the future tense AND I can recognize a verb in the future tense.

1 I understand the concept of the future tense.

Quid agis? How are you doing?

Class Practice 9.1

1. Synopsize the verb moveo, -ēre, movi, motus – move in 2nd person plural.

2. Tell what tense each of the following is and then translate each.

a) spectabimus

b) ridebat

c) dono

d) you (sg) will show