Unit 8 Seminar Community Corrections Probation Parole 1.
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Transcript of Unit 8 Seminar Community Corrections Probation Parole 1.
Unit 8 Seminar
Community Corrections Probation Parole
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3-page paper Fully answers all 3 questions At least 3 references: 1 = through the Kaplan library,
1 = Textbook , 1 = credible resource (not Wikipedia) List sources on reference page (try APA style!) Paper must follow this format:
• Page 1 = Cover page• Pages 2, 3 and 4 = Body of text (3 full pages)• Page 5 = Reference page
Size 12, Times New Roman font, double-spaced Submit to Drop box by the end of Unit 9
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Unit 9: Final Essay!
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Next Week: Last Seminar!
Pot Luck!
CRIMINAL JUSTICE TODAY, 10E© 2009 Pearson Education, Inc by Dr. Frank Schmalleger Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
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Wide range of sentencing options Allows offenders to remain in the
community under supervision Must meet certain conditions It’s an alternative to jail or prison
It’s a privilege, not a right!It’s a privilege, not a right!
Community Corrections
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Question!
What are some examples
of community corrections?
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Examplesof
CommunityCorrections
SuspendedQuarterbackMichael Vicks tospend rest ofsentence in
homeconfinement.
- May 2009
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August 2005
Martha Stewart will spend three extra weeks under house arrest after reports that she violated terms of her home confinement by going to a yoga class…
CRIMINAL JUSTICE TODAY, 10E© 2009 Pearson Education, Inc by Dr. Frank Schmalleger Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
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Most common form of sentence It’s a sentence of imprisonment that is suspended; the sentence is served while being supervised in the community. This conditional freedom is granted by a judicial officer as long as the person meets certain conditions of behavior.
Probation
CRIMINAL JUSTICE TODAY, 10E© 2009 Pearson Education, Inc by Dr. Frank Schmalleger Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
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In the U.S.: John Augustus (1784-1859) – “Father of Probation”
- Boston shoemaker who volunteered to take home drunks. He supervised over 2,000 offenders.- Helped start the PSI (Presentence Investigation)
1878 Massachusetts - first paid probation officer By 1925, all states had probation
History of Probation
The PSIPSI tells the judge about the history of the offender.
If YOUYOU were a judge,what kind of information would
you want to see in a PSI?
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Question!
Mandated by the courts Probation can be revoked if
conditions aren’t met 2 types of conditions:
1) General and 2) Specific
CRIMINAL JUSTICE TODAY, 10E© 2009 Pearson Education, Inc by Dr. Frank Schmalleger Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
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Probation Conditions
General ConditionsGeneral ConditionsApply to all probationers within the jurisdiction.
Examples: Obey lawsMaintain employmentRemain within jurisdictionAllow probation officer to visit home or work placePay court ordered fines
Specific ConditionsSpecific ConditionsJudge-mandated for the specific probationer.
Examples: Surrender driver’s license Pass GED testDo community serviceCurfewComplete a treatment plan
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CRIMINAL JUSTICE TODAY, 10E© 2009 Pearson Education, Inc by Dr. Frank Schmalleger Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
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Geographic Conditions for Jolene!
Between noon & 5 a.m. –in certain areas:• She can’t contact motorists• She can’t accept rides• She can’t be on a public street
without good reason• She can’t possess a cell, pager,
beeper within certain geographical areas
Over 150,000 offenders on probation Over 7,000 federal probation officers Authority to arrest Some carry weapons
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CRIMINAL JUSTICE TODAY, 10E© 2009 Pearson Education, Inc by Dr. Frank Schmalleger Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
Federal Probation System
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Parole—a prisoner reentry strategy
Prison inmates receive supervised conditional early release from correctional confinement.
CRIMINAL JUSTICE TODAY, 10E© 2009 Pearson Education, Inc by Dr. Frank Schmalleger Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
Parole
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Diane Downs: convicted of shooting her 3 children in 1983.One child died; one is a paraplegic; one has paralysis on one side of her body. The 2 surviving children were adopted by the prosecutor & his wife.
Diane went before the parole board in 2008: denied parole.
2010: Can apply for parole again
Ann Rule: “Small Sacrifices”
What’s one difference between probation & parole?
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Question!
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Probation vs. Parole
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Of all parolees: 46% successfully complete parole 26% return to prison for technical violations 11% return to prison for new violations California leads in sending parole violators back to prison (two thirds of their prison population)
CRIMINAL JUSTICE TODAY, 10E© 2009 Pearson Education, Inc by Dr. Frank Schmalleger Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
Extent of Parole
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Mistake #1:Violating court orders by drinking
Mistake #2:Posting drinking photos to Facebook
“Facebook drinking photos show parole violation in fatal DUI case” -- Chicago Tribune, June 2009
20 year old female college student20 year old female college studentOriginal charge:
reckless homicide, aggravated DUI
Similar to probation conditions Violations = parole is revoked Examples of conditions:
Reporting to parole officerMaintaining employmentPaying fines and restitution
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CRIMINAL JUSTICE TODAY, 10E© 2009 Pearson Education, Inc by Dr. Frank Schmalleger Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
Parole Conditions
You will be required to take a Polygraph Examination every six months or more…
You will not have contact of any kind with the victim(s) or the families….
You will not use the internet without permission … You will not possess computer programs unless approved by the
Parole Officer… You will not view pornography of any type or enter adult
entertainment establishments… You will not possess any equipment or devices which are
designed for the purpose of restraining or confining a person (e.g., handcuffs, restraint chains, etc.)…
You will not possess any camera(s) or other equipment unless approved by the Parole Officer…
22CRIMINAL JUSTICE TODAY, 10E© 2009 Pearson Education, Inc by Dr. Frank Schmalleger Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
Intensive Parole for Sex Offenders
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When Ricky was 16, he went to a teen club and met a girl named Amanda, who said she was the same age. They hit it off and were eventually having sex. At the time Ricky thought it was a pretty normal high school romance.
Two years later, Ricky is a registered sex offender. Amanda turned out to be 13. Ricky was sentenced to 2 years probation and 10 years on the Iowa sex offender registry.
Ricky
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Question!
What’s one advantage or disadvantage of
probation & parole?
AdvantagesLow costIncreased employmentRestitutionCommunity supportReduced risk of criminal sanctionsIncreased use of community servicesBetter rehabilitation opportunities
DisadvantagesRelative lack of punishmentIncreased risk to communityHigher social costsDiscriminatory and unequal effects
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Advantages & Disadvantages of Probation & Parole
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Job Functions• Presentence investigations• Intake procedures• Needs assessment/diagnosis• Supervision of clients
Job Challenges• Balancing conflicting roles• Large caseloads• Frequent lack of opportunities for
upward mobility• Stress
Job of Probation & Parole Officers
Alternatives - somewhere between probation & incarceration
Examples:- Split sentences- Mixed sentences- Shock incarceration- Intensive supervision- Home confinement/elec monitoring- Community service
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Intermediate Sanctions = Alternative Sanctions
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Example of Shock Incarceration: Boot Camp
Martin Lee Anderson died after an altercation with guards at the Bay County Sheriff's Office Boot Camp in Panama City, Florida. A surveillance camera videotape, made public last week, shows the guards dragging the limp boy around the grounds, kneeing and striking him several times. -- LA Times, February 2006
Martin died 2 hrs. after entering the boot camp.
Most inmates will be released back into society.
Barriers to successful reentry need to be addressed:
Substance abuse Lack of education Poverty Diminished opportunities for employment Physical or mental disabilities
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Reentry Issues
Final essay coming up next week! Community corrections = lots of options Probation – a suspended jail/prison sentence Parole – release after time in prison Each has conditions that must be met Advantages & disadvantages of both Intermediate sanctions = alternative sentences Reentry issues need to be addressed by CJ
system Be careful of the pictures you post on Facebook!
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Summary!