Understanding Chemical Reactions Types of Chemical Reactions
Unit 7 Chemical Reactions Types of Reactions. Type of Reactions Chemical reactions are classified...
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Transcript of Unit 7 Chemical Reactions Types of Reactions. Type of Reactions Chemical reactions are classified...
Unit 7 Chemical Reactions
Types of Reactions
Type of ReactionsChemical reactions are classified into five general types
Synthesis (Combination) Two or more elements or simple compounds combine to form (synthesize) one product
A + B AB2Mg + O2 2MgO
2Na + Cl2 2NaCl
When two elements combine in synthesis, the product is a compound made of their respective ions.
SynthesisYouTube - Reaction of aluminium with
bromine
Synthesis (practice)• Predict the products. Write and balance
the following synthesis reaction equations.• Sodium metal reacts with chlorine gas Na(s) + Cl2(g) • Solid Magnesium reacts with fluorine gas Mg(s) + F2(g) • Aluminum metal reacts with fluorine gas Al(s) + F2(g)
DecompositionOne substance is broken down (split) into two or more simpler substances.
AB A + B
2HgO 2Hg + O2
2KClO3 2KCl + 3 O2
a compound made of two elements, decomposes into those elements.
Decomposition
Decomposition Practice•Predict the products. Then, write
and balance the following decomposition reaction equations:
•Solid Lead (IV) oxide decomposes PbO2(s)
•Aluminum nitride decomposes AlN(s)
Learning Check 1Classify the following reactions as 1) synthesis or 2) decomposition:
___A. H2 + Br2 2HBr
___B. Al2(CO3)3 Al2O3 + 3CO2
___C. 4 Al + 3C Al4C3
CombustionA reaction in which a hydrocarbon (compound made up of H and C) reacts with oxygen and the products are carbon dioxide and water
CH4 + 2O2 CO2 + 2H2O
C3H8 + 5O2 3CO2 + 4H2O
Combustion PracticeComplete and Balance the combustion
equation
___C5H12 + ___O2
Single Replacement (Displacement)One element takes the place of an element in a reacting compound.
A + BC AC + B
Zn + 2HCl ZnCl2 + H2
Fe + CuSO4 FeSO4 +
Cu
A metal can replace a metal (+) OR a nonmetal
can replace a nonmetal (-).
Depends on the relative reactivity's of the two
metals.
Single Replacement (Displacement) Practice
YouTube - Thermite reaction
Single Replacement Displacement)
The activity series of metals lists metals in order of decreasing reactivity.
A metal will replace any metal listed below.
Lithium
Potassium
Calcium
Sodium
Magnesium
Aluminum
Zinc
Iron
Lead
Hydrogen
Copper
Mercury
silver
Single Replacement (Displacement) Practice
•Sodium chloride solid reacts with fluorine gas
NaCl(s) + F2(g)
•Aluminum metal reacts with aqueous copper (II) nitrate
Al(s)+ Cu(NO3)2(aq)
Double Replacement (Displacement)
Two elements in reactants take the place of each other
AB + CD AD + CB
AgNO3 + NaCl AgCl +
NaNO3
ZnS + 2HCl ZnCl2 +
H2S
Double Replacement (Displacement)
YouTube - Double Replacement Reactions
• Think about it like “foil”ing in algebra, first and last ions go together ; inside ions go together
• Example:
AgNO3(aq) + NaCl(s) AgCl(s) + NaNO3(aq)
• Another example:
K2SO4(aq) + Ba(NO3)2(aq) KNO3(aq) + BaSO4(s)
Classify the following reactions as 1) single replacement 2) double replacement
__A. 2Al + 3H2SO4 Al2(SO4)3 + 3H2
__B. Na2SO4 + 2AgNO3 Ag2SO4 + 2NaNO3
__C. 3C + Fe2O3 2Fe + 3CO
Double Replacement Practice
• Predict the products. Balance the equation
1. HCl(aq) + AgNO3(aq)
2. CaCl2(aq) + Na3PO4(aq)
Unit 8 Chemical Reactions
Types of Reactions