Unit 7
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Transcript of Unit 7
Unit 7
Support PPT for Sadlier-Oxford’s Vocabulary Workshop
Level C
WORD ATTACK!!!
Photo credit: www.filmofilia.com
Roots you will encounter in this unit:• -doct- (Latin) meaning learned, skilled (related to
teachings)• doctrine
• exo- (Greek combining form) meaning outer, outside• exotic
• -junct- (Latin) meaning join• juncture
• -trib- (Latin) meaning assign, classify; pay, bestow• attribute
Prefixes you will encounter in this unit:• at- (Latin) meaning attend
• attribute • be- (ME) meaning to make, cause to become
• belittle• ex- (Latin) meaning out
• excise• con- (Latin) meaning together, with
• convey• un- (OE) meaning not
• unassuming
Adjective-forming suffixes you will encounter in this unit:• -al (Latin) meaning that which; characterized by
•menial • -ic (Greek) meaning having some
characteristics of •exotic
• -ory (Latin) used to form Latin nouns and verbs into adjectives
•predatory• -y (OE) meaning characterized by
• jaunty
Verb-forming suffixes you will encounter in this unit:• -le (Middle English) used with actions that
have a repeating quality• belittle
• -ise (Latin) to render, make; to convert into• excise
acme(noun) the highest point
– The acme of Mr. Filbert’s career came when he was named “Man of the Year” by the Tucson Chamber of Commerce.
SYNONYM: summit, top, peak, pinnacle
ANTONYM: low point, bottom, nadir
Ah, the irony!!!
Photo source: www.chroniclebooks.com
attribute• MULTIPLE USAGE ALERT! PAY ATTENTION TO THE
PRONUNCIATION!!!• (noun) [a-truh-byoot] upbringing, training, rearing
• For anyone who plans to pursue a career as a radio announcer, a clear speaking voice is an essential attribute.
• (v.) [uh-trib-yoot] to bring up, care for, train, nourish• John attributes his keen interest in the sea to his being a descendent
of the great naval hero John Paul Jones. SYNONYM: (v.) raise, rear, fosterANTONYM: (v.) neglect, ignore, discourage, hinderWORD ATTACK!!• at- (Latin) meaning attend• -trib- (Latin) meaning assign, classify; pay, bestowWORD FAMILIES!!• attribution tribute contribute• retribution tributary
belittle• (v.) to make something appear smaller than it is; to
refer to in a way that suggests lack of importance or value
– If you belittle a child in front of his friends, the humiliation associated with the experience will be far worse.
SYNONYNS: minimize, underrate, disparageANTONYNS: exaggerate, magnify, overestimate
WORD ATTACK!be- (ME) meaning to make, cause to become
convey(v.) to transport; to transmit; to communicate, make
known; to transfer ownership or title to– Please convey our condolences to Mrs.
Jefferson on the death of her husband, Otto. SYNONYNS: carry, send, impartWORD ATTACK!
• con- (Latin) meaning together• via (Latin) meaning way
WORD FAMILIES:• conveyor• conveyance
Image source:http://www.boston.com/news/local/gallery/0112_newneccos/
Sweetheart “Conversation Hearts” are dropping off a conveyor belt and into a tank.
doctrine(noun) a belief, principle, or
teaching; a system of such beliefs or principles; a formulation of such beliefs or principles
• It is important for Confirmation candidates to have a strong understanding of Catholic doctrine.
Photo sources: www.usccb.org; www.osv.com
exciseMULTIPLE USAGE /MEANING ALERT! PAY ATTENTION TO
THE PRONUNCIATION!!! BEWARE!!! MEANINGS ARE UNRELATED!
• (v.) [ek-sīz] to remove by cutting• Doctor Futz excised a pendulous excrescence from the
nose of Mr. Wattle.• (noun) [ek-sīz] an indirect tax on the manufacture, sale, or
distribution or a commodity or service• A significant excise is placed on gasoline at the pump,
raising its price beyond the actual cost of the oil itself.SYNONYM: (v.) cut out, delete, expungeANTONYM: (v.) put in, insert, interpolateWORD ATTACK!• ex- (Latin) meaning out• -ise (Latin) to render, make; to convert into
exotic• (adj.) foreign; charmingly
unfamiliar or strikingly unusual• Exotic plants like orchids
grow best in greenhouses.SYNONYMS: strange, alien,
picturesque, colorfulANTONYMS: native, indigenous,
familiar, commonplaceWORD ATTACK!
• exo- (Greek combining form) meaning outer, outside
• -ic (Greek) meaning having some characteristics of
Photo sources: fleurieflowers.com; symbianize.com; wricmumbai.org
haggard(adj.) thin, pale, and careworn as a result of worry or suffering; wild-looking
– President Lincoln’s haggard expression attests to the heavy burden the Civil War placed upon him.
SYNONYM S: drawn, gaunt, wastedANTONYMS: healthy, glowing, radiant,
hale and heartyWORD FAMILIES!
• hag …Yes, hag. The etymological source of haggard is, in fact, hag. A hag is
defined as an ugly old woman, a witch or shrew. To appear haggard, literally, is to a look like a hag, but the word has come to mean having a care-worn look. As such, even _________ (fill in the blank with your idea of a beautiful person here) is capable of looking haggard.
Photo soucre: facesofthecivilwar.blogspot.com
jaunty• (adj.) lively, easy, and carefree in manner; smart or trim in
appearance• Teddy is a snappy dresser, preferring casual, jaunty
styles to stodgy ones.• SYNONYMS: unconcerned, lighthearted• ANTONYMS: downcast, dejected, glumWORD ATTACK!
-y (OE) meaning characterized by
Photo source: ilovedinomartin.blogspot.com
ETYMOLOGY!!!Jaunty is related to the Old French word gentil, meaning gentle or noble, behavior associated with the gentry or nobility. This makes sense: Those high in society have always placed great importance upon appearances.
juncture(noun) a joining together; the point at which two
things are joined; any important point in time• At this juncture, police officials are unwilling to reveal
any further details about the suspect they are holding for the recent string of bank robberies in the Tucson area.
SYNONYM: union, seam, joint, turning pointWORD ATTACK!
• -junct- (Latin) meaning joinWORD FAMILIES!
• junction• conjunction• injunction
menialMULTIPLE USAGE ALERT! (adj.) lowly, humble, lacking importance or dignity
• Though Catholic Social Teaching disavows such actions, many cultures assign menial tasks to women and those of the lowest social status.
(noun) a person who does the humble and unpleasant tasks• Poorly educated people have few options other than to take
jobs as low-paid menials.SYNONYMS: (noun) underling, scullion, servantANTONYMS: (adj.) lofty, elevated; (noun) boss, masterETYMOLOGY!!!
Menial is related to the archaic (meaning long out-of-date) word meiny [mey-nee], which means household, followers, or attendants. The connection makes sense. All of these words seem to point to the underlings of a household, and as such, those most likely to be assigned the lowly tasks.
parry
MULTIPLE USAGE ALERT! (v.) to ward off, fend off, deflect, evade, avoid
• Although Ferdie parried a few of Henry’s blows, eventually the big galoot landed a shot right in Ferdie’s kisser.
(noun) a defensive movement in fencing and other sports• Ferdie’s parry deflected Henry’s first punch, but
a round-house slug put Ferdie on his caboose.
Graphic source: www.phocabulary.com
predatory(adj.) preying on, plundering, or piratical
– Since I always remember to pack myself a good lunch before heading off to school, I resent my twin brother Geoffrey’s predatory behavior in the lunch room when he forgets to bring something for himself.
• SYNONYMS: looting, pillaging, ravenous, rapacious
Photo source: www.michaelnorthrop.net
WORD ATTACK! • -ory (Latin) used to form Latin nouns and verbs into adjectivesWORD FAMILIES!• predator
ravage
MULTIPLE USAGE ALERT! (v.) to destroy, to lay waste, ruin
• Wildfires ravaged Cochise County last summer, leaving the landscape scarred and many Sierra Vista residents homeless.
(noun) ruinous damage, destruction• After decades of sun exposure, the ravages of
time could be seen on her deeply wrinkled face.SYNONYM: (v.) wreck, devastateANTONYMS: (v.) spare
Image source: http://morrisonworldnews.com/?p=51105
stance(noun) a way of holding the
body; an attitude or position on an issue– The batter’s firm stance at the
plate gave him both balance and leverage against the pitcher’s wicked fast balls.
– Congressman Wickham’s stance on the immigration issue offends many of his constituents.
SYNONYM: posture, bearing
Photo credit: www.27pitches.com
tawdry• (adj.) showy and flashy but lacking in good taste
• Designer clothing is thought to be the height of fashion, but often the styles are downright tawdry.
• SYNONYMS: loud, garish, gaudy, tacky, vulgar• ANTONYMS: refined, tasteful, subdued, muted
Photo source: sodahead.com; collegefashion.net; chicmenclothes.com
turncoat(noun) a person who switches to an
opposing side or party• Benedict Arnold will be
remembered in American history as a turncoat, a traitor who donned the infamous red coat in service to the Crown.
SYNONYM: traitor, quisling, renegade
ANTONYM: loyalist, diehard
tesco.com; ushistory.org
unassuming(adj.) not putting on airs, unpretentious; modest
• Although Angie is a talented musician, a gifted scholar, and a strikingly beautiful young lady, she has an unassuming manner that makes her well-liked by all.
ANTONYMS: conceited, pretentious, arrogantWORD ATTACK! • un- (Latin) meaning not• -ing Wait a minute…. You’re saying –ing will get me an
adjective? Not a verb? Yes, both –ing and –ed might be adjective signals. Both of these suffixes create participles, words that are verb forms but can be used as modifiers. Always examine the USAGE of a word before making a presumption regarding its part of speech.
wallow
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MULTIPLE USAGE ALERT! (v.) to roll about in a lazy, clumsy, or helpless way; to
overindulge in; to have in abundance• Every once in a while, Miss Priss wallows in
some imagined misery and throws herself a little pity party.
(noun) a wet, muddy, or dusty area used by animals as a sort of bath; a state of moral or physical collapse
• The wallow for the rhinoceroses at the Reid Park Zoo must be watered regularly to keep it muddy.
SYNONYM: (v.) delight in, bask in
waver(v.) to move to and fro, become unsteady; to
show lack or firmness or decision• There is no point in arguing with Mom
because once she makes a decision, she simply will not waver.
SYNONYNS: hesitate, falter
ANTONYNS: stand firm, be resolute
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