Unit 6.pdf

Ask and talk about connection between two things or actions. Comprehend the differences between descriptive and explanation texts. Write descriptive and explanation texts.

In this unit you will learn to:

1

What Is It Like and How Is It Formed?

Unit

6

Before you begin ...Have you ever visited the places in the pictures? Where are they

located? Can you describe them? Do you know how mountains, lakes, watefalls and rivers are formed?

Source: rioananda.wordpress.com; totallycoolpix.com;panduanwisata.com; www.purimatesih.com

2 Forward English for Senior High School Students Grade X

To Start With

Listen to the descriptions of the following places. Write down the name of the places and where they are located.

Task 1

Lesson 1

Source: Sources:www.erepublik.com; rioananda.wordpress.com; de.wikipedia.org; www.indonesia-tourism.com

1 2

3 4

3My Unforgettable Moment

Listen to these people talk about mountains. Are the following statements True or False? Correct the false one.

Task 2

1. Anna has never climbed any mountain in Java. True False2. Both Merapi and Merbabu are active volcanoes. True False3. Merbabu is temporarily inactive but not fully extinct. True False4. Merapi and Merbabu are located in Central Java. True False5. Mount Merapi is located on the border between Central Java and

Yogyakarta. True False6. Anna and her friends are going to make an expedition to West Java

next two months. True False7. Anna is going to climb both Semeru and Bromo. True False8. Semeru is the highest mountain in Indonesia. True False

Sources: en.wikipedia.org; dede-note.blogspot.com

Listening - Speaking


Pay Attention

Fill in the blank with the correct correlative conjunction. Choose the correct answers.

1. The story of Situ Bagendit was … true … realistic. a. either … or b. neither … nor

Task 3

Expressing a Correlation between Two Things or ActionsHere are some sentences you hear in the dialogue:• BothMerapiandMerbabuarevolcanoes.• NeitherMerapinorMerbabuislocatedinEastJava.• Dependingonconditions,wewillclimbeitherSemeruorBromo..• It’snotonlythehighestmountaininEastJavabutalsoinJava. These sentences use correlative expressions or correlative conjunctions: both . . . and;

either . . . or; neither … nor; not only . . . but also. We use these conjunctions when we are talking about a correlation between two things

or actions.• Both…and Weuseboth...andtoemphasizeacombinationoftwonouns,etc. Example:BothPalembangandSamarindaarelocatednearariver.• Either…or We use either ... or to indicate that there is more than one possibility or alternative.

When we use either... or we indicate that one or the other available action is possible but not both.

Example:IamplanningtohikeateitherLakeSingkarakorLakeManinjauatendJune,but not both.

• Neither...nor Neither...noristhenegativeformofeither...or.Itisusedinasentenceinthenegative

sense when you want to say that two or more things are not true. Example:Bolivia is land-lockedwithnoaccess toneither thePacificnor theAtlantic

Ocean.• Notonly…butalso We use not only … but also to give more information. Example:Thebeautyofariverliesnotonlyinitswater,butalsointhemountains,gorges

and scenery along its banks.


2. Iwouldlovetotake…mytablet…mylaptoponholiday,butnotboth.

a. neither … nor b. either … or 3. … smoking … drinking is good for your health. a. not only … but also b. neither … nor4. Idon’tgo…mountainclimbing…mountainwalking. a. either … or b. neither … nor5. Mrs. Dalloway grows … onions … garlic in her garden. I can’t

remember. a. either … or b. both … and6. Toaccomplishgreatthings,wemust…act,…dream;…plan,…

believe. a. either … or b. not only … but also7. … Galunggung … Salak are active volcanoes in West Java. a. both … and b. either … or8. Volcano seismologists track … earthquakes, … various kinds of

seismic signals with special characteristics that suggest magma movement.

a. not only … but also b. neither … nor9. While it is … the highest … the widest waterfall in the world,

VictoriaFallsisclassifiedasthelargest,basedonitswidthof1,708metres and height of 108metres, resulting in the world’s largestsheet of falling water.

a. either … or b. neither … nor10. …lakes…pondsarestandingorslow-movingbodiesofwater. a. both … and b. neither … nor


Make sentences with both … and; either . . . or; neither . . .nor.Example:The Ciliwung River is polluted by waste from houses and factories. The Citarum River is

polluted by waste from houses and factories too.Both the Ciliwung and the Citarum Rivers are polluted by waste from houses and factories.1. They are tired. And they are hungry.2. WecanvisitSipiso-pisoWaterfallorLakeToba–whicheveryouprefer.3. Ihaven’tgotthetimetogoonholiday.AndIhaven’tgotthemoney.4. Youcanhavetea,oryoucanhavecoffee.5. My brother is arriving tonight. My sister is arriving tonight too.

Work in pairs. Take turn to ask and answer about the somewhere foreign tourists would enjoy going in your town or country.. You should ask:• Whatkindofplaceitis;• Whyyouthinkthatplacewouldbeinterestingorenjoyable;• Whatitlookslike;• Whereitis;• Whatpeoplecandothere;• Howlongyouwouldrecommendstayingthere.

Read the following two texts. In your own words describe about the lakes and explain why they have colours.

Task 4

Kelimutu: Astounding Tri-Coloured Crater Lakes

Source:wisoto.com


Kelimutu is a volcano, close to thesmalltownofMoniabout50kmtotheeastofEndeincentralFloresIsland.Thevolcano contains three striking summit crater lakesof varying colours.They are located on the same volcanic peak yet each of the three crater lakes is a markedly different colour. It is the only place onearth where this amazing colour variation takes place.

The three lakes all have differentnames and local people have for centuries believed that the lakes are the spiritual resting place of their ancestors. It is said the lakes change colour according to the mood of the spirit.

TheLakeofOldPeople (TiwuAtaMbupu) at the western point of the volcano is typically blue. Lying apartfromtheothertwocrater,thisiswhereitis said the spirits of the old who have led righteous lives go to rest.

The two other lakes share a crater wall. The Lake of Young Men andMaidens (TiwuNuwaMuriKooFai) ischaracteristically green. The third, theEnchantedLake(TiwuAtaPolo)canoftenbe blood red but sometimes it appears an olive colour.This is the one where the bad peoplego,young,old,maleorfemale.

Kelimutu itselfmeansBoilingLakeand often visitors can see wreathes of steam rise from the surface of the lakes.Despitethefactthevolcanoandlakesare

littleknownoutsideAsia,manyconsiderKelimutu to be one of the seven wonders of nature. It is hard to disagree.

Adapted from:www.kuriositas.com; www.indonesia.travel; en.wikipedia.org

Why Do Kelimutu Lakes HaveColours?

Crater lakes on their own are amazingnaturalwonders,butthecraterlakes of Kelimutu volcano in Indonesia are even more striking. They are each a different colour despite being at thecrest of the same volcano.The three lakes periodically vary in colour independent of each other.

Geologists believe the three lakes change colour as a result of chemical reactions between the minerals in the lakes and volcanic gas.Although no extensive scientific surveyhas everbeenundertaken below the surface of the lakes it is assumed that the colour deviations ofKelimutuLakesareduetounderwaterfumaroles. These are openings in the planet’s surface which let out gas andsteam–sulfurdioxide,hydrogenchlorideand sulfide as well as carbon dioxide.This creates an upwelling which drives denser nutrient-rich and so coloured water upwards to the surface, drivingthatwhichhadbeenontopdownwards,so changing its appearance.

Adapted from:www.kuriositas.com


Look at the pictures. Then discuss the questions.Task 6

Example:In5years,IthinkSarahwillbemarried.She’llhaveseveralchildrenand…. Answer the questions.1. Doyouhaveadreaminyourlife?2. What is your dream?3. Is it possible to reach your dream?4. What have you done to make your dream come true?

Source:www.skyscrapercity.com; www.panoramio.com; ugmsc.wordpress.com

You should say:• Whatkindofplaceitis;• Whereitis;• Whatitsspecialfeaturesare;• Whyitimpressedyou.Andsaywhetheryouthinkyouwillgothereagainornot,andwhy.

Pangrango Semeru

Describe a building, view or natural feature that impressed you.Task 5


1. Doyouknowwherethemountainsarelocated?2. Are they active volcanoes?3. Are all volcanoes the same?4. Can you describe the characteristics of volcanoes?5. How is a volcano formed?Match the terms with their definitions.1. Active volcano2. Eruptingvolcano3. Dormantvolcano4. Extinctvolcanoa. anactivevolcanothatisnoterupting,butsupposedtoeruptagainb. avolcanothathashadatleastoneeruptionduringthepast10,000

yearsc. avolcanothathasnothadaneruptionforatleast10,000yearsandis

not expected to erupt again in a comparable time scale of the futured. an active volcano that is having an eruption

Rinjani Batur

Source: www.panoramio.com; www.fotopedia.com; www.indonesia-tourism.com

Read the following texts. Which one is a descriptive text? Which one is an explanation text? Discuss the similarities and the differences between the two texts.

Task 7

Merapi Volcano


Source: totallycoolpix.comMerapi,a steepstratovolcanonorth

of Central Java’s capital Yogyakarta,is Indonesia’s most active volcano. Iterupts on average every 5-10 years andis feared for its deadly pyroclastic flows - avalanches of hot rocks and gas that are generated when parts of new lava domes constructed during eruptions in the summit crater collapse and slide down themountain’ssteepflanks.

The name “Merapi” from old Javanese languagemeans“theonemakingfire”isa popular name for volcanoes: another volcano with the same name Merapi is in theIjenMassifinEastJavaandsimilarlycalled volcano “Marapi” lies on Sumatra Island.

Merapi dominates the landscape immediately north of the city of Yogyakarta in one of the world’s mostdensely populated areas. Merapi is the youngest and southernmost of a volcanic chain extending NNW to Ungaran

volcano. The steep-sided modern Merapi edifice, its upper part unvegetateddue to frequent eruptive activity, wasconstructed to the SW of an arcuate scarp cutting the eroded older Batulawang volcano. Pyroclastic flows and laharsaccompanying growth and collapse of the steep-sided active summit lava dome have devastated cultivated lands on the volcano’swestern-to-southernflanksandcaused many fatalities during historical time. Since 1953, activity has beencharacterized by extrusion of lava into the summit crater, with periodic lavadomecollapseandnuéeardente(Frenchfor “burning cloud”) formation. Summit lava dome growth has continued since the 1969 gas explosion. It is monitored from theMerapiVolcanoObservatory(MVO)in Yogyakarta.

Taken from:www.volcanodiscovery.com

Avolcano is a point on theEarth’ssurface through which magma that is under tremendous pressure erupts as lava.Thismaybeasinglepoint,oralongline (vent).Theopeningwill usually beat a place where the Earth’s lithosphereis thin or has a weakness. The lava may be accompanied by gas and ash, andfragments of rock known as “pyroclastics”. Thevolcanoitselfisoftenaconicalhill,ormountain, composed largelyofmaterialerupted from the volcano over time.

Deep inside Earth, between themolten iron core and the thin crust at thesurface,thereisasolidbodyofrockcalled the mantle. When rock from the mantle melts, moves to the surface

through the crust, and releases pent-upgases,volcanoeserupt.

Source:www.clevernotes.ieExtremely high temperature and

pressure cause the rock to melt and become liquid rock or magma. When a largebodyofmagmahasformed,itrisesthrough the denser rock layers toward

How Do Volcanoes Form?


Find the words in the text “Merapi Volcano” which have the following definitions.

1. tosendoutrocks,ash,lava,etc.,inasuddenexplosionerupt2. formed by or involving fragmentation as a result of volcanic or

igneous action pyroclastic3. the top of a mountain summit4. the round open top of a volcano crater5. thesideofahill,mountain,orverylargebuildingflank6. a group of mountains forming one large solid shape massif7. anareaofcountrysideor landofaparticulartype,usedespecially

when talking about its appearance landscape8. alargeormassivestructureedifice9. curved like a bow arcuate10. alineofnaturalcliffsscarp11. a moving fluid mass composed of volcanic debris and water lahar12. the act or process of pushing or forcing something out through a

holeextrusion

Task 8

Earth’ssurface.Magmathathasreachedthe surface is called lava. The lava from the eruption cools to form new crust.Over time, after several eruptions, therock builds up and a volcano forms.

Source:www.csun.edu

Thefirsttext,“MerapiVolcano”,isadescriptive text. A descriptive text describes aparticularperson,placeorthing.

The structure of descriptive texts is as follows:• Identification:identifyingthephenomenontobedescribed.• Description:describingthephenomenoninparts,qualities,or/andcharacteristics. As for the text “HowDoVolcanoesForm?”, it is an explanation text.Youhave

learned about the explanation text in previous chapter. The structure of explanation texts is as follows:• Generalstatement:statingthephenomenonissueswhicharetobeexplained.• Sequencedexplanation:statingaseriesofstepswhichexplainthephenomena.


Task 9 Read the text. Is it a descriptive or an explanation text? What is the text about?

Niagara Falls

Source:www.greatcanadianadventuretour.com

Answer the questions based on the text “Merapi Volcano”.1. Where is Merapi Volcano located?2. What is the most active volcano in Indonesia?3. What are pyroclastic flows?4. What does the name “Merapi” mean?5. Whyistheupperpartofthesteep-sidedmodernMerapiedifice

unvegetated?6. WhichpartofMerapiisaffectedbypyroclasticflowsandlahar?7. What is the characteristic of the activity of Merapi since 1953?8. What happened to Merapi in 1969?

The Niagara Falls are located onthe border between theUnited Statesand Canada. They are a group of falls in thestateofNewYorkandtheCanadianprovince of Ontario. Thisgroup is the second-largestintheworld,intermsofvolume ofwater flowing over its edge. It is the largest in North America. Itisa popular tourist destination.About12 million people visit the area every year.

The Niagara Falls were formedapproximately 10,000 yearsago whenglaciers melted at the end of the last ice age.WaterfromtheGreatLakescarvedapathtotheAtlanticOcean,formingtheNiagaraRiver.TheNiagaraFallsarenotvery high,but they are very wide. Theamount of water flowing over thefalls varies throughout the year. Duringseasonsofhighflow(usuallyspringtime)


morethan6millioncubicfeet(168,000m3)of water passes over the falls per minute. The annual averageflow rate is almost 4 million cubic feet (110,000m3) per minute.

Source:www.niagarafallslive.comThe Niagara Falls have two main

sections, Horseshoe Fallsand theAmerican Falls. They are separated by

Goat Island.Horseshoe Falls, on theCanadianside,arethelargerofthetwo.They drop about 173 feet (53m) andareabout2,600feet(790m)wide.TheAmerican Falls drop between 70–100feet(21–30m)andare1,060feet(320m) wide.

TheNiagaraReservationStateParkwascreatedin1885toprotecttheNiagaraFalls from excessive development. It was NewYork’sfirst statepark. InCanada,theNiagaraParksCommissionprotectsthe lands all along the Niagara River,fromLakeErietoLakeOntario.

Taken from:www.abcteach.com

Can you find words in the text with the following meanings?1. aplacewhereariversuddenlygoesstraightdownoveracliffFalls2. one of the areas with limited law-making powers that together make up a country

controlled by a central government state3. the place that someone or something is going to destination4. a large mass of ice which moves slowly down a mountain valley glaciers5. oneofthelongperiodsoftime,thousandsofyearsago,whenicecoveredmanynorthern

countries Ice Age6. the time of the year when it is spring springtime7. based on or calculated over a period of one year annual8. a number that is calculated by adding quantities together and then dividing the total by

the number of quantities average9. much more than is reasonable or necessary excessive10. alargeareaoflandinthecountrywhichhasbeenkeptinitsnaturalstatetoprotectthe

plants and animals there park

Answer the questions based on the text “Niagara Falls”.1. WherearetheNiagaraFallslocated?2. WhatisthesignificanceoftheNiagaraFalls?3. AbouthowmanypeoplevisittheNiagaraFallsannually?4. WhenweretheNiagaraFallsformed?5. HowmanysectionsdotheNiagaraFallshave?6. How much water flows over the falls in high flow season?


Task 10 Read the text. Is it a descriptive or an explanation text? What is the text about?

How Waterfalls Are Formed

7. How wide are the Horseshoe Falls?8. What is the height of the American Falls?9. WhenwastheNiagaraReservationStateParkestablished?10. WhatisthepurposeoftheestablishmentoftheNiagaraReservationPark?

Waterfallshappen when theriver crosses aband of harderrock. An example of the hard rock is whinstone.

The softer rockgets eroded

morequickly by abrasionand hydraulicaction. This makesa ledge.

The erosion of thesofter rock

continues andundercuts the hard rock.The hollow at the bottomis called the plungepool.It’sfullofbitsofrockfromabovesothere’slotsofabrasionhere.The force of the fallingwater means lots ofhydraulic action too.

Eventuallytheledge(overhang)

collapses.The process keeps goingand the waterfall movesbackwards. In front ofit,itleavesasteep-sidedgorge.

Taken from:fds.oup.com


Can you find words in the text with the following meanings?1. any of various hard coloured rocks (especially rocks consisting of chert or basalt)

whinstone2. a smooth soft rock which breaks easily into thin flat piecesshale3. atypeofsoftyelloworredrock,oftenusedinbuildingssandstone4. the process of rubbing a surface very hard so that it becomes damaged or

disappearsabrasion5. moved or operated by the pressure of water or other liquidhydraulic6. a narrow flat piece of rock that sticks out on the side of a mountain or cliffledge7. theprocessbywhichrockorsoilisgraduallydestroyedbywind,rain,ortheseaerosion8. a place in something that is at a slightly lower level than its surfacehollow9. a jump ordive into waterplunge10. adeepnarrowvalleywithsteepsidesgorge

Fill in the blanks with the correct words.

Waterfalls are formed where a river flows over a band of … hard rock next to asofter rock. The softer rock is eroded by …hydraulic actionand abrasion.The power of the water creates a deep …plunge pool below the waterfalland undercuts the …softer rock until the overhang eventuallycollapses.Thiscausesthewaterfallto…retreatupstream,formingagorge.a. hydraulic actionb. retreatc. plunge poold. hard rocke. softer rock

Task 11 Read the text. What does the text describe?

Bengawan Solo

Source: tripholiday.net


Solo River, or Bengawan Solo asit is called locally (Bengawan is an oldJavaneseword for river), is the longestriver on the Indonesian island of Java.Solo River is approximately 540km inlength.

TheSoloRiver(orBengawanSolo)has its source by the volcano of Mount Lawu, on the border between CentralJava and East Java. It passes throughthemajorcityofSurakarta(calledSoloby the local inhabitants). An important early tributary to the Solo river is the DengkengRiver,whichhasitssourceinMount Merapi. After passing through Solo, the riverflowsnorthwardaroundMount Lawu, and then turn eastwardintoEastJavaintheNgawiregency.

After Ngawi the river turnsnorthwardagain,formingtheboundarybetween Blora Regency of Central Java and Bojonegoro regency of East Java.From the town of Cepu in Blora, theriver turns eastward and passes through Bojonegoro regency’s capital city.From

there,itcontinueseastwardthroughtheLamonganandGresikregencies.Thelastpartoftheriver’sbasin(roughlystartingfrom Bojonegoro regency) is mostly flat land.

Bengawan Solo’s delta is locatednear the town of Sedayu in Gresik regency. The present delta is redirected by a human made canal. The original deltaflowedintotheMaduraStrait,butin1890a12kmcanalwasmadebytheDutchEastIndiesauthority toredirectthe Solo River into Java Sea. This is done to prevent sedimentation of mud from filling the Madura Strait and therebypreventing sea access to the important port city of Surabaya.

The Solo river delta has a huge mud sedimentation flow that deposited 17 million tonnes of mud per year. This sedimentationinthedeltaformacape,which has average longitudinal growth of70mperyear.ThisdeltaisknownasUjungPangkah(PangkahCape).

Choose the best answer for the question based on the text “Bengawan Solo”.1. What does “bengawan” mean? a. Island b. River c. Volcano d. Delta2. What is the length of Bengawan Solo? a. 1540km b. 540km c. 12 km d. 1890km3. Where is the source of Bengawan Solo? a. OnMountLawu. b. On Mount Merapi. c. On Mount Slamet. d. On Mount Merbabu.

4. Which regencies are bordered by Bengawan Solo?

a. Blora Regency and Gresik Regency.

b. Blora Regency and Bojonegoro Regency.

c. NgawiRegencyandLamongan Regency.

d. Bojonegoro Regency and LamonganRegency.

5. Where is Bengawan Solo’s deltalocated?

a. NearthetownofCepuinBlora Regency.

b. Between Blora Regency and Bojonegoro regency.


Task 12 Put the explanation of the diagram in the correct order.

The Drainage Basin Cycle

c. NearthetownofSedayuinGresik regency.

d. AroundMountLawu.6. Where did the original delta of Bengawan

Solo flow into? a. Java Sea. b. The Bali Strait. c. Indian Ocean. d. The Madura Strait.7. Where did the canal redirecting

Bengawan Solo into Java Sea build? a. In540. b. In1980. c. In1890. d. In1540.8. Who made the canal that redirects

Bengawan Solo into Java Sea? a. TheDutchEastIndiesauthority. b. The Government of Indonesia.

c. The local authority of Surabaya. d. The Madura authority.9. What is the purpose of the construction

of the canal? a. To connect Surabaya and Madura. b. TofilltheMaduraStraitwith

mud. c. To preventsea access to the port

city of Surabaya d. To prevent sedimentationof mud

fromfillingtheMaduraStrait.10. What does the sedimentation of

Bengawan Solo form? a. An island. b. A cape. c. A strait. d. A port.

Whatisadrainagebasin?Ariver,ordrainage basin is the area of land drained by a river and its tributaries.This is how the water gets from the clouds to the river. It is part of the water cycle.

Every river has its own drainagebasinor catchment area.Eachdrainagebasin is a system. There is a movement of water within it that is rather like a small-scale hydrological cycle.


Task 13 Match the landmarks with the cities.

a. Ifthegroundishard,orverywet,rainwaterjustrunsalongit.Thisiscalledsurfacerun-

off.b. Somesoaksrightdownandfillsuptheporesandcracksintherock.Nowitiscalled

groundwater. This is called percolation.c. Amixtureofsurfacerun-off,throughflowandgroundwaterflowfeedstheriver.d. Belowground,someflowssidewaysthroughthesoil.Thisiscalledthroughflow.e. Otherwisetherainsoaksintothetheground.Thisiscalledinfiltration.f. Leavescatchsomerainasitfalls.Thisiscalledinterception.g. Groundwater flows along slowly. This is groundwater flow.

1. F 2. .... 3. .... 4. .... 5. ..... 6. ....... 7. ..... 8. ........

1 2

34


Source: Sources:www.sprinkr.com; www.wallsave.com; pebyword.wordpress.com; mjeducation.co; harjo.wordpress.com; www.anekatechnik.com

5 6

a. Yogyakartab. Bandungc. Pontianakd. Semarange. Surabayaf. Jakarta

Task 14 Look at the picture. Then answer the questions.

Source: blog.ub.ac.id1. Which city is represented in the picture above? ________________

___________________________________________________2. Where is it? __________________________________________

___________________________________________________3. What is there to see and do? ______________________________

___________________________________________________4. Inpairs,describethisplacetoavisitor:______________________

___________________________________________________


Task 14 Write a description of a place you know well. You can use the following grid and questions to help you plan your writing.

Whatplacedoyouwanttodescribe?(Forexample,yourhometown.)Whodoyouwanttodescribeitto?(Forexample,peopleyoumetonholiday.)


• ExpressingaCorrelationbetweenTwoThingsorActions We use correlative conjunctions: both . . . and; either . . . or; neither … nor; not

only . . . but also when we are talking about a correlation between two things or actions.

• Both…and Weuseboth...andtoemphasizeacombinationoftwonouns,etc.• Either…or We use either ... or to indicate that there is more than one possibility or alternative.

When we use either ... or we indicate that one or the other available action is possible but not both.

• Neither...nor Neither...noristhenegativeformofeither...or.Itisusedinasentenceinthe

negative sense when you want to say that two or more things are not true.• Notonly…butalso We use not only … but also to give more information.

• DescriptiveTexts The structure of descriptive texts is as follows: • Identification:identifyingthephenomenontobedescribed. • Description:describingthephenomenoninparts,qualities,or/and

characteristics.

• ExplanationTexts The structure of explanation texts is as follows: • Generalstatement:statingthephenomenonissueswhicharetobe

explained. • Sequencedexplanation:statingaseriesofstepswhichexplainthe

phenomena.

Unit Summary


After learning this chapter, I should be able to:• Use correlative conjunctions to ask and talk about a correlation between two things or

actions.• Comprehend the differences of descriptive texts and explanation texts.• Write a descriptive text about a subject.

Reflection

Great Places I Have Visited

Project

Source:tantristory.wordpress.com; www.skyscrapercity.com; en.wikipedia.org


PlanWrite three places where you have been on vacation. Were they good places to visit? Why

or why not? ….1. ….2. ….3. …

Prepare

Work in groups. Choose one place you want to go on vacation. Then usethese questions and your own questions to research it.

What’sitlike?What can you do there?What should you see there?What’stheweatherlike?What’sthebesttimeofyeartovisit?What things can you buy?Work ingroups.Makeaposter toadvertise theplace.Usephotosordrawpictures to

explain what you can do there.

PresentShare your poster with the class. Tell your classmates why they should visit the place.Try

to convince them to go there!

Source:www.skyscrapercity.com


Listening Script1. LakeManinjauisacalderalakeinWestSumatra.Itislocated36kmtothewestof

Bukittinggi.“DanauManinjau”meansoverlookorobservationintheMinangkabaulanguage.TheaveragedepthofLakeManinjauis105m,withamaximumdepthof165m.ThenaturaloutletforexcesswateristheAntokanriver,locatedonthewestside of the lake. It is the only lake in Sumatra which has a natural outlet to the west coast.

2. LakeTobaisalakeandsupervolcano.Thelakeis100kilometreslong,30kilometreswide,andupto505metersdeep.ItislocatedinthemiddleofthenorthernpartoftheIndonesianislandofSumatrawithasurfaceelevationofabout900metres.Itisthe largest lake in Indonesia and the largest volcanic lake in the world.

3. TangkubanPerahu,whichisspeltTangkubanParahuinthelocalSundanesedialect,isadormantvolcano30kmnorthofthecityofBandung,theprovincialcapitalofWest Java. It is a popular tourist attraction where tourists can hike or ride to the edge ofthecratertoviewthehotwaterspringsandboilingmudupclose,andbuyeggscooked on the hot surface.

4. MountRinjaniisanactivevolcanoontheislandofLombok.Administrativelythemountain is in theRegency ofNorthLombok,WestNusaTenggara. It rises to3,726metres,makingitthesecondhighestvolcanoinIndonesia.Onthetopofthevolcanoisa6kilometresby8.5kilometrescaldera,whichisfilledpartiallybythecrater lake known as Segara Anak.

A: Anna,haveyoueverclimbedamountaininJava?B: I have climbed Merapi. I have also climbed Merbabu.A: Wow,it’sgreat.You’rearealclimber.Aretheyvolcanoes?B: Yes. Both Merapi and Merbabu are volcanoes. Merapi is an active stratovolcano. But Merbabu is a dormant one.A: Aren’ttheylocatedinEastJava?B. No.NeitherMerapinorMerbabuislocatedinEastJava.A: Oh,IthoughtbothmountainswereinEastJava.Wherearetheylocatedthen?B: Both volcanoes are located in Central Java. Mount Merapi is located on the border between Central Java and Yogyakarta.A: You know much about mountain climbing. I want to go climbing with you.B: WearegoingtomakeanexpeditiontoEastJavanexttwomonths.Youcanjoinus. Dependingonconditions,wewillclimbeitherSemeruorBromo.A: Semeru?It’sthehighestmountaininEastJava,isn’tit?B: Right.It’snotonlythehighestmountaininEastJavabutalsoinJava.Itstandsat 3,676meters.

Unit 6.pdf

Documents

Transcript of Unit 6.pdf