Unit 6 Part 5
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Transcript of Unit 6 Part 5
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UNIT 6 PART 5
Gerrymandering, Political Parties, etc.
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GERRYMANDERING Gerrymandering: To divide an area into a
voting district so as to give an unfair advantage to one political party over another.
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THE STORY…. In 1812 Elbridge Gerry was the
governor of Massachusetts. He was up for re-election in 1812 He knew that he could not win the
way the district lines were drew through out his state.
So… he re-drew the lines to have an advantage and win the election
He did this through “cracking” and “Packing” the districts.
Gilbert Stuart created the cartoon - putting Gerry and mander together – (gerry his last name and mander from salamander)
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CRACKING VS. PACKING
“Packing”: Drawing district lines to “pack” votes in one district to favor that political party
“Cracking”: Drawing district lines to divide or “cracking” a concentration of votes of one political party – to win
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DEMOCRAT VS. REPUBLICAN Basics: How much government involvement
do you like?Democrats: More government
involvement. Government provides more stuff; states have less control. More Liberal (like change)
Republicans: Less government involvement. You provide for yourself; states have more control. More conservative (likes things traditional, the way they are/were)
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WHO DOES CONGRESS REPRESENT? Constituents – anyone who is represented… ALL OF US
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CONGRESS SET UP.. THE HOUSE
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CONGRESS SET UP.. THE SENATE
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CONTROL OF THE FLOOR! Filibuster – Legislative tactic to stall the
legislative process. A senator holds the floor by continually talking. As long as they stay in the chamber and talk they can prevent anything else from happening. from a Dutch word meaning "pirate" -- became
popular in the 1850s, when it was applied to efforts to hold the Senate floor in order to prevent a vote on a bill.
Cloture: developed to stop a filibuster. Requires a 3/5 majority vote (60 senators).
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Congressional Budget Office - CBO – Provides financial experts to help congress establish a budget year to year.
General Accounting Office – GAO – Study an agencies spending.
Government Printing Office – GPO – Prints everything congress and Washington needs
Library of Congress – Holds all the important books, legal documents, and important American historical items. Holds over 100 million items.
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LIBRARY OF
CON
GRESS
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INSID
E THE LIBRARY O
F CO
NG
RESS
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INTEREST GROUPS AND LOBBYISTS Interest Group: An organization of people
with shared ideas and attitudes who attempt to influence public policy – without running for office
Many types of Interest Groups: labor unions, doctors, education, environmental… Serria Club – Environment Green Peace - Environment Planned Parenthood - Abortion National Right to Life - Abortion Mothers Against Drunk Driving – Alcohol PETA – animal rights
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INTEREST GROUPS AND LOBBYISTS Lobbyists: Representatives of interest
groups. Lobbyists try to convince members of
Congress to support policies favored by the groups they represent
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POLITICAL ACTION COMMITTEES Political Action Committees (PAC’s):
political fund-raising organizations established by corporations, labor unions, and other special interest groups.
PACs uses its funds to support lawmakers who favor the PAC’s positions on issues