UNIT 5 NOTES 3

WARM UPS

1. The first battle of the Civil War occurred at:A. AtlantaB. GettysburgC. AntietamD. Fort Sumter

2. Sherman wanted to capture Atlanta because:A. It was a major railroad hub and its

capture would disrupt southern industryB. It was the southern capital and its capture

would end the warC. It was the only city that interfered with

Union trade on the Mississippi RiverD. It was home of Robert E. Lee’s Army of

Northern Virginia

Why did the North win: Foundation North:

INDUSTRY Well organized

government Strong plan of attack

(Anaconda Plan)

South:

AGRICULTURE Poorly organized

government Lack of clear overall

battle strategy

Resources

Why did the North win: Population North: 19 million people at

the beginning of the war

This meant North could devote more manpower to the war

South: Slightly over 9

million (3.5 million slaves)

Slave/Free States Slave/Free States Population, 1861Population, 1861Slave/Free States Slave/Free States Population, 1861Population, 1861

Why did the North win: Manufacturing North: Factories were able

to supply Union army with arms, munitions, equipment

South: Lacked factories

with the ability to mass produce weapons

Resources: North & the Resources: North & the SouthSouth

Resources: North & the Resources: North & the SouthSouth

Why did the North win: Food Production North: Could produce food

and get it to troops with railway system

South: Could produce food

but didn’t have transportation system to get it to them

Why did the North win: Railroads North: Extensive system

with 20,000 miles of rail

Had 96% of all rail equipment

South: 9,000 miles of rail Disputes between

states did not allow for rail lines to be built crossing state lines

Railroad Lines, 1860Railroad Lines, 1860

President Lincoln’s Role President Abraham Lincoln’s main

goal was to : keep the Union together

In order to accomplish this goal Lincoln suspended the writ of habeas corpus.

- Suspended the writ of habeas corpus means- took away the guarantee that a person cannot be imprisoned without being brought before a judge

Lincoln’s Words Gettysburg Address:

Dedication of Gettysburg cemetery; encouraged Union to survive and the nation to reunite

2nd Inaugural Address:Expressed hope of reunited nation without slavery, sorrow over losses suffered, and vision for rebuilding South

Emancipation Proclamation:Jan. 1, 1863:Executive order that freed slaves in Confederate states; maintained slavery in border states loyal to Union

The War Ends The Civil war ended on April 9, 1865 at the

Appomattox Court House where Lee surrendered.

What was the punishment to southerners? Period known as Reconstruction

6 days later President Lincoln was assassinated.

Date: April 14, 1865

Assassin: John Wilkes Booth