Unit 4 diagram (1)

Unit 4 THE PLANT KINGDOM SUMMARY 1 CLASSIFICATION OF PLANTS FLOWERING PLANTS Sexual reproduction. Flowers are their reproductive organs. They reproduce through seeds. NON-FLOWERING PLANTS They do not produce seeds. They reproduce asexually using spores. ANGIOSPERMS Pollinated flowers produce fruits with seeds inside. Examples: roses, cherry trees, blackberries, wheat, rice,… GYMNOSPERMS They have small flowers, they don’t produce any fruit and their seeds develop in cones. Many of them, such as pine trees, have long thin leaves called needles. FERNS They have roots and strong stems under the ground. Their leaves are called fronds. They produce spores inside sori on the underside of the fronds. MOSSES They have simple stems and leaves. Their roots are called rhizoids. They produce spores inside capsules. PARTS OF PLANTS They hold the plant in the ground. They absorb water and minerals from the ground through the root hairs. It holds up the other parts of the plant. It also transports water and minerals to the leaves for photosynthesis. They contain chlorophyll. Most leaves have two parts: the petiole and the blade. Veins in the blade support the leaf and carry water and minerals. On the underside of the blade, there are tiny holes, called stomata, where the gas exchange takes place.

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Transcript of Unit 4 diagram (1)

Unit 4 THE PLANT KINGDOM SUMMARY

CLASSIFICATION OF PLANTS

FLOWERING PLANTS Sexual reproduction. Flowers are their reproductive organs. They reproduce

through seeds.

NON-FLOWERING PLANTS They do not produce seeds. They reproduce

asexually using spores.

ANGIOSPERMS Pollinated flowers produce fruits with seeds inside. Examples: roses, cherry trees, blackberries, wheat, rice,…

GYMNOSPERMS They have small

flowers, they don’t produce any fruit and their seeds develop in cones. Many of them,

such as pine trees, have long thin leaves

called needles.

FERNS They have roots and strong stems under the ground. Their leaves are called

fronds. They produce spores inside sori on the underside of the

fronds.

MOSSES They have simple stems and leaves.

Their roots are called rhizoids. They produce spores inside capsules.

PARTS OF PLANTS

They hold the plant in the ground. They absorb water and minerals from the ground through the root hairs.

It holds up the other parts of the plant. It also transports water and minerals to the leaves for photosynthesis.

They contain chlorophyll. Most leaves have two parts: the petiole and the blade. Veins in the blade support the leaf and carry water and minerals. On the underside of the blade, there are tiny holes, called stomata, where the gas exchange takes place.

Unit 4 THE PLANT KINGDOM SUMMARY

Plants make their own food through the process called photosynthesis.

1. The roots absorb water and minerals from the soil. 2. Xylem cells transport this mixture of water and minerals, called raw sap, through the stem to the leaves. 3. Leaves absorb carbon dioxide through their stomata. In the chloroplasts, chlorophyll collects solar energy

to transform water, minerals and carbon dioxide into glucose and oxygen. 4. Phloem cells carry the glucose, the plants’ food, through the stem to all the parts of the plant.

- PHOTOSYNTHESIS is very important because:

1. It gives us oxygen to breathe. 2. It consumes carbon dioxide. 3. It transforms water and minerals into food. Animals can feed on plants to get energy to live.

Plants consume oxygen and produce it too. Plants produce oxygen through the photosynthesis during the day. They produce more oxygen than they need and expel it through the stomata. At night, when photosynthesis stops, plants release carbon dioxide.

PLANT NUTRITION

PLANT RESPIRATION