UNIT 3 : WESTERN RELIGIONS

Christianity

Call for A Reform

Reform movements sprout up to resist Romans.

John the Baptist Confess Sins Submit to Baptism

“Temple Purity” Wait for Avenging God

Jesus of Nazareth Not as radical Reform political and

religious institutions

Origins of Christianity

Sect of Judaism: Jesus=Messiah

Messiah: Chosen by God. To Restore the

Kingdom of the Jews.

Major Difference!

Life of Jesus

Born in Bethlehem: Angel Gabriel tell

Virgin Mary Son of God.

The King of the Jews King Herod

King of Judea Kill all new born Jews Escape to Egypt

Painting by Peter Paul Rubens (1611) Massacre of the InnocentsIt sold for 76 Million Dollars in 2002

Jesus the Teacher

Age 30 Jesus begins his preaching.

How does Jesus spread the word? Does GOOD WORKS. Performs MIRACLES Stresses PERSONAL

RELATIONSHIPS with God.

Uses PARABLES

Turning Water into Wine

Two New Testament Accounts Relate Stories of Jesus Feeding Thousands With Meager Amounts of Food. John 6

verses 1-13 tells of 5,000 fed with five loaves and two fish, Mark 8, verses 1-9 says 4,000 were fed with seven loaves

of bread and a few fish.

Christ’s Greatest Miracle Was Raising Lazarus From the Dead

The Good Samaritan: Luke 10:25-37

And behold, a lawyer stood saying "And who is my neighbor?"

Jesus replied, "A man was going down from Jerusalem to Jericho, and he fell among robbers, who stripped him and beat him, and departed, leaving him half dead. Now by chance a priest was going down that road; and when he saw him he passed by on the other side. So likewise a Levite, when he came to the place and saw him, passed by on the other side. But a Samaritan, as he journeyed, came to where he was; and when he saw him, he had compassion, and went to him and bound up his wounds, pouring on oil and wine; …

The Good Samaritan: Luke 10:25-37

then he set him on his own beast and brought him to an inn, and took care of him. And the next day he took out two denarii and gave them to the innkeeper, saying, `Take care of him; and whatever more you spend, I will repay you when I come back.' Which of these three, do you think, proved neighbor to the man who fell among the robbers?"

He said, "The one who showed mercy on him." And Jesus said to him, "Go and do likewise."

The Story of Jesus’ Death

Why is Jesus arrested Protested at the

temples Romans on High alert

Jesus is put on trial Pontius Pilot is Judge

Leonardo da Vinci’s “Last Supper” I assure you, one of you is about to betray me. The Son of Man is departing, as

Scripture says of Him, but woe to that man by whom the Son of Man is betrayed. Better for him if he had never been born.” Matthew Chapter 26:20-24

The Choice

Pontius Pilate. Gives Crowd Choice. Barabbas or Jesus?

Crowd chooses Barabbas! “Then what am I to do

with Jesus, the so-called Messiah?”

Crucify Him!

A scene from “The Passion of Christ” depicting the horrific brutality of Christ’s last hours as he was scourged and

crucified.

The Story of Resurrection

Three days after crucifixion, Jesus rose from the dead Demonstrates Jesus’ power over life and death

Christians consider the resurrection of Jesus to be the cornerstone of their faith

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Judas Regrets His Betrayal. He throws the 30 pieces of silver at the High Priests. He then ran off and hanged himself. Matthew, Chapter 27.

UNIT 3 : WESTERN RELIGIONS

How did Christianity Evolve?

Growth of Christianity

Apostles/followers spread Christianity: New religion based on Jesus’s teachings

Paul’s message

Christian Scripture

Followers of Jesus develop scripture Christian Scripture is known as the New Testament 4 books of New Testament: the Gospels.

Matthew, Mark, Luke, John Gospels tell of the life & death of Jesus

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Persecution of early Christians23

Edict of Milan [313 AD]

Emperor Constantine Roman Emperor Saw an image of a cross.

Edict of Milan Religious Freedom End of Persecution

Official state Religion 380 AD

Structure of the Catholic Church

PopeBishop

sPriests

Pope Benedict

Timothy Dolan

East and West Growing Apart

East vs. West: Latin vs. Greek. Location of Papacy. Theological

Differences.

Who controlled the Church? Petrine doctrine? Pope first among

equals?

1054 Great Schism

West Holy Roman Empire Roman Catholic

East Byzantine Empire Eastern Orthodox

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An overview of Saint Peter's Square taken from atop St Peter's Basilica.

Protestant Reformation

Martin Luther Trying to find himself. Message from God.

What are Indulgences? Holy Artifacts

Protestant Reformation Against Corruption 1517 95 Thesis Only can be forgiven

by god.

Catholicism Protestantism

Catholic Priests are celibate.

There are 7 sacraments

The miracle of massPope claims all

authority

Pastors can marry2 or 3 sacraments No Miracles of massDo not worship

Virgin Mary

Major Differences between Catholics and Protestants

Protestants

LutheransEpiscopalians MethodistsAnglicansPresbyterians AnglicansBaptists Calvinist Pentecostal

AdventistsAnabaptistCongregational QuakerismReformed Unitarian Waldensians Non-

denominational

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The Seven Sacraments of the Catholic Faith

Sacraments of Protestantism

Religious Tree