Unit #3 Exam Review Quiz
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Transcript of Unit #3 Exam Review Quiz
Unit #3 Exam Review Quiz
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1 Which of the following describes a microbe's prime niche
A An environment that has a high amount of competition for resources
B An environment that has enough nutrients for the microbe to survive
C An environment that has enough nutrients for the microbe to thrive
D An environment that lacks any usable nutrients and is inhospitable to microbes
2 Which of the following describes the behavior of a hydrophobic substance:
A A solution that easily mixes into salt water
B A salt sample is added to fresh water & it quickly dissolves
C A solution is added to a water sample and the solution floats on top of the water
D A large sample of sugar is added to fresh water, but does not dissolve until heat is applied to the mixture
3 A community is made up of
A a group of populations
B a group of individuals
C a group of organisms
D a group of biomes
4 Which of the following is NOT released by hydrothermal vents
A heat
B cold, desalinated water
C calcium ions
D iron ions
5 All of the following are true about chlorine & chlorime byproducts (DBPs) EXCEPT:
A it can destroy bacteria, viruses, and difficult to kill parasites such as Giardia
B there is evidence that the byproducts of chlorine can cause birth defects
C it can cause large/accelerated gestational age/growth
D it can cause neural tube defects
6 A bacterium that undergoes a period of severe stress will form a ________ to keep its offspring alive.
A cyst
B capsid
C oocyst
D spore
7 Which of the following letters represent the same element/compound in the carbonate buffering system:
A B and D
B G and H
C F and E
D C and D
8 Bioaccumulation can be defined as:
A The amount of energy that is retained with each increasing level of the food chain is only 10%
B 90% of the energy from the lower-levels of the food chain is l ost to the environment as thermal & other forms of energy
C A substance building up in the tissues of organisms and increasing in toxicity up the food chain
D A substance building up in the tissues of higher-level organisms & causing a toxic trickle-down effect on lower-level organisms
9 The following image demonstrates:
A high species richness but low abundance
B high species abundance but low richness
C high species richness and high species abundance
D low species richness and low species abundance
10 Which of the following is FALSE about thermal pollution:
A An increase of temperature causes a decrease in DO
B An increase in temperature yields an increase in secondary consumers
C An increase in temperature causes an increase in bacterial growth
D Thermal pollution is often a result of using water sources to cool water/equipment associated with power plants
11 The difinitive host for Toxoplasmosis is:
A humans
B cats
C sheep
D cattle
12 Which of the following is considered an indicator species:
A daphnia
B hydra
C diatoms
D amoebas
13 What percent of aquatic species are considered benthic?
A 5%
B 25%
C 60%
D 98%
14 The majority of water consumed by individuals as well as agriculture in the United States is:
A Glacial melt
B Groundwater
C Permafrost
D Desalinated ocean water
15 Hydrophilic means
A "water changing"
B "water hating"
C "water fearing"
D "water loving"
16 Out of the small percentage of the planet's water that is fresh water, what percent can be found in ground water sources such as aquifers:
A 68%
B 50%
C 44%
D 30%
17 All of the following are ways that contaminants can get into a water supply, EXCEPT:
A chemicals leaking from an underground waste storage tank
B vapors leaking from a surface waste storage tank that condences into groundwater
C pesticides running off from an industrial farm and travelling into a nearby river
D multiple homes and businesses getting their well water from the same source of groundwater
18 Which of the following is NOT a source of nitrates in water sources:
A A leaky septic system
B Runoff from an organic farm
C Animal waste
D Water plants & algae
19 All of the following are reasons why bacteria form biofilms EXCEPT:
A Bacteria excrete adhesive cells to a surface to prevent the colony from being swept away
B Bacterial biofilms allow for colonies to grow large enough to prevent phagocytosis
C Bacterial biofilms alter the BOD of a system to prevent asphyxiation of higher level organisms
D Bacterial biofilms allow the organisms to remain in favorable niches
20 Which of the following is primarily responsible for "fixing" carbon dioxide:
A autotrophs
B chemoautotrophs
C heterotrophs
D biopolymers
21 All of the following are reasons why bioremediation is being pursued as a viable method of spill clean up, EXCEPT:
A It is relatively cheap when compared to other methods
B Microbes can easily break down xenobiotics
C Non-mobile organisms such as plants can be used to remove contaminants without having to worry about losing track of your organisms.
D Over 90% of materials that are considered hazardous can be biodegraded.
22 Methemoglobinemia causes ________ to bind to _______, blocking the uptake of oxygen & causing problems such as “blue baby” syndrome.
A Ammonium, myoglobin
B Ammonia, hemoglobin
C Nitrate, myoglobin
D Nitrite, hemoglobin
23 Prochlorococcus are
A responsible for 90% of the net primary production
B responsible for 50% of the net primary production
C responsible for 50% of cellular respiration in the ocean
D mostly barophilic
24 CO32- is
A carbonate
B bicarbonate
C carbonic acid
D carbon dioxide
25 Which of the following reactions is responsible for fixing nitrogen:
A NH4+ --> NO2
-
B NO2- --> NO3
-
C NO3- --> N2
D N2 --> NH3
26 At any given time 30% of the global population is infected with which of the following:
A Trichinella
B Platyhelminthes
C Ascaris
D Tapeworms
27 Which of the following would thrive on a hydrothermal vent:
A A psychrophilic bacterium
B A psychrotolerant bacterium
C A barophilic bacterium
D A barotolerant bacterium
28 Contamination of agricultural land by dissolved salts is problematic because:
A The permeability of the agricultural soil is greatly reduced
B The permeability of the agricultural soil is greatly increased
C The permeability of water used for irrigation is greatly reduced
D The permeability of water used for irrigation is greatly increased
29 Microbes account for about ________% of all the biological mass on Earth.
A 98%
B 75%
C 50%
D 22%
30 H2CO3 is
A carbonate
B bicarbonate
C carbonic acid
D carbon dioxide
31 A molecule that will slow down a reaction/maintain a reaction, such as the carbonate system helping to maintain aquatic pH is known as
A an acid
B a base
C a catalyst
D a buffer
32 HCO3- is
A carbonate
B bicarbonate
C carbonic acid
D carbon dioxide
33 Which of the following is a likely result of a massive increase in biochemical oxygen demand of a body of water:
A Asphyxiation of higher level organisms such as fish
B Asphyxiation of photosynthetic organisms
C An increase in higher level organisms such as fish
D An increase in higher level organisms such as dolphins and whales
34 Which of the following is reason why xenobiotics can be more difficult to break down naturally:
A Xenobiotics were designed to increase our fuel efficiency, thus they burn well.
B Xenobiotics are known to bioaccumulate in small bodies of water.
C Xenobiotics are relatively cheap to clean up.
D Xenobiotics have never existed in nature, thus there is no naturally occurring microbe to break it down.
35 The following image demonstrates:
A high species richness but low abundance
B high species abundance but low richness
C high species richness and high species abundance
D low species richness and low species abundance
36 You discover an Achaea bacteria that is both barophilic and psychrophilic. This organism’s prime niche is most likely:
A At the bottom of the ocean near a hydrothermal vent
B At the bottom of the ocean far away from a hydrothermal vent
C On the surface water of the ocean near shore
D On the surface water of the ocean away from the shore
37 As carbonic acid becomes carbonate through the carbonate buffering system, which molecules are released
A hydronium
B hydroxide
C carbonate
D salt
38 A reaction between an acid and a base will always form water and ________.
A acid
B base
C salt
D carbonate
39 What is the ratio of carbon to nitrogen to phosphorus that is ideal for bacterial growth:
A 1:10:100
B 100:10:1
C 100:1:10
D 10:1:100
40 Which of the following describes alkalinity:
A A system’s ability to deal with the addition of a catalystB A system’s ability to deal with the addition of hydroxide
C The sum of all hydronium and hydroxide during the dissociation of water molecules
D The sum of equivalents of all species that can neutralize an acid