UNIT 3: ECONOMIC AND POLITICAL CONFLICT Lesson 3.6: Growing Issues Between the North and South.
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Transcript of UNIT 3: ECONOMIC AND POLITICAL CONFLICT Lesson 3.6: Growing Issues Between the North and South.
UNIT 3: ECONOMIC AND POLITICAL CONFLICTLesson 3.6: Growing Issues Between the North and South.
Focus
What Were The Positive Outcomes Of Jay’s Treaty? What Were The Causes Of The Quasi-war? How Did The Alien And Sedition Acts Interfere W/
The Lives Of Americans? What Is The Significance Of The Virginia-Kentucky
Resolution? What Is Significant About The Election Of 1800? What Were The Causes Of The War Of 1812? What
Were The Consequences Of The War Of 1812? What Treaty Ended The War Of 1812?
Activate
What do you already know in regard to the differences between the north and the south prior to the civil war?
Frayer / sectionalism
WHAT WAS GOING ON IN THE NORTH?
ERA OF GOOD FEELINGS
The “Era of Good Feelings” came to describe the era of James Monroes presidency.
The war of 1812 and the Hartford Convention unites nation under the republican party.
American leaders would launch an ambitious program to strengthen our nation!
1. George Washington (1789-1797)2. John Adams (1797-1801)3. Thomas Jefferson (1801-1809)4. James Madison (1809-1817)5. James Monroe (1817-1825)6. John Quincy Adams (1825-1829)
ECONOMIC NATIONALISM Without a national bank to regulate currency, inflation set in
during the war of 1812 Government had to pay high interest rates to state and
private banks. John C. Calhoun of SC = the 2nd national bank power to
issue national currency and control state banks.
TARIFFS AND TRANSPORTATION
War of 1812 forced American manufacturing to become more self-sufficient
Congress passed the Tariff of 1816 as a protective tariff – designed to protect American industry
Road and canal construction also began, with private business and local gov. funding much of it
East-west highway = national road Robert Fultons steamboat, and the construction of canals
(Erie) increased trade and expanded national markets.
A NEW SYSTEM OF PRODUCTION
Free enterprise, low taxes, and incorporation laws allowed for the north to experience the industrial revolution.
interchangeable parts revolutionized the manufacturing industry by allowing complex parts to be made in stages by unskilled workers.
AP 1 Venn Diagram/ North vs. South
WHAT WAS GOING ON IN THE SOUTH? Lesson 3.6 part 2
THE SOUTHERN ECONOMY The south thrived on cash crops = tobacco, rice, sugarcane,
and most importantly, cotton Eli Whitneys cotton gin will allow cotton to become big
business Invention of cotton gin happens at same time that textile
factories became huge in Europe.
COTTON BECOMES KING By 1860, cotton makes up 2/3 of total export trade in the
USA Cotton gin allows southern planters to become wealthy, but
also strengthened slavery
SOCIETY IN THE SOUTH
Planter elite = large plantation owners = made up of .5% of population, but dominate economy and politics
Yoeman farmers = ordinary farmers = vast majority = most owned no slaves, worked land themselves
White / rural poor = less than 10% of population = meager existence of hunting/fishing, gardening
Bottom of society were African Americans (93% enslaved) = about 37% of total population
SLAVERY
Slaves had few legal rights, were forbidden to learn how to read and write, and were considered property
A “necessary evil”?
PLANTATION LIFE On small farms and plantations, the task system was used
= Workers given specific set of jobs to accomplish every day.
once work done they could do what they wanted. Large plantations used gang system= Workers divided into work gangs that labored from sun up
to sun down.
COPING WITH ENSLAVEMENT songs and religion became very important aspects of
African American culture. Christianity provided hope
RESISTANCE AND REBELLION Other ways of resistance: Work slowdowns Sabatoge Uprisings Nat Turner=slave revolt in 1831, killing 50 white men,
women, and children
AP 2 North vs South
SLAVERY LEADS TO GROWING SECTIONALISM
The one political party system dominated by republicans began to unravel in the 1820’s.
Issues = westward expansion and slavery
The Missouri Compromise
In 1819 the union consisted of 11 free and 11 slave states.
Tensions rise when Missouri applies for statehood = upset power of balance in senate
The compromise engineered by Henry Clay would only temporarily ease tensions
The elections of 1824 and 1828 = Growing SECTIONALISM
The election of 1824 showed how sectionalized our nation had become
“favorite sons” Henry Clay of Kentucky and Andrew Jackson of Tennessee represented the west.
John Q. Adams was NE favorite son, and William Crawford represented the South
Adams wins election of 1824 = “Corrupt Bargain” between Clay and Adams. Jackson cries foul.
Election of 1828 = mudslinging…..Old Hickory (Andrew Jackson) gets revenge.
AP 3 : sectionalism
5 words
Activity
Why we need a Protective Tariff.
Learning Log
Today I learned…… Which of the following best describes the “Era of Good Feelings”? How did building canals and railways boost the US economy? What factors contributed to the development of industry in the
north? How did interchangeable parts revolutionize the manufacturing
industry? How did the cotton gin and cotton farming change the south? How was working within the task system different than working
within the gang system? How did slaves show resistance? How did the Missouri Compromise maintain the balance of power
in the senate? What is the historical significance of the1824?
UNIT 3: ECONOMIC AND POLITICAL CONFLICTLesson 3.6: Growing Issues Between the North and South: Part 2
Focus
Which of the following best describes the “Era of Good Feelings”?
How did building canals and railways boost the US economy? What factors contributed to the development of industry in the
north? How did interchangeable parts revolutionize the manufacturing
industry? How did the cotton gin and cotton farming change the south? How was working within the task system different than working
within the gang system? How did slaves show resistance? How did the Missouri Compromise maintain the balance of power
in the senate? What is the historical significance of the1824?
Activate
What were 2 things that you learned yesterday from the video “division”?
Frayer / Popular Sovereignty
GTT = “Gone to Texas”
Southerners begin to emigrate to Texas to extend the “Cotton Kingdom”. They bring slavery with them!
Texas becomes “Americanized” Santa Anna refuses self rule for Texas,
and attempts to crush independence movement at the Alamo.
Texans win independence after their victory at San Jacinto.
The Annexation of Texas and our victory in the Mexican American War further increases sectional tension!
Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo = Mexico ceded (gave up) 500,000 sq miles Rio Grande southern border USA paid mexico 15 million and agreed to
take up 3.25 million in Mexican debt Dream of manifest destiny realized! Question of slavery in new territories
would lead to another war……..
THE SEARCH FOR COMPROMISE The Mexican war greatly increased sectional tensions =
should new states be slave or free?
AP 1: summarize
In one sentence: Explain the causes and effects of going
to war with Mexico.
THE WILMOT PROVISO (1846) No slavery in any new territory South = any anti slavery decision threatens slavery
everywhere
POPULAR SOVEREIGNTY
Moderates believed each new territory should be allowed to decide if slave or free
Seemed democratic, gets issue out of national politics
THE GREAT DEBATE BEGINS (49’ers = California ….South feared loss of political power,
some talk of secession Henry clay of Kentucky = “Great Compromiser” = tries to
save the union!
THE COMPROMISE OF 1850 Called “final settlement between north and south”????? California admitted as a free state Rest of territory taken from Mexico = popular sov. Outlawed slave trade in DC, but did no outlaw slavery Congress would not interfere w/ slave trade and would pass
fugitive slave act
AP 2: talking heads
1’s tell 2’s what part of the Compromise of 1850 benefited the North.
2’s tell 1’s what part of the Compromise of 1850 benefited the South.
THE FUGITIVE SLAVE ACT Actually hurt south by creating hostility toward slavery in
north
NORTHERN RESISTANCE GROWS
Ordinary citizens forces to help capture runaways Indifference over issue of slavery becomes anger
THE UNDERGROUND RAILROAD Well organized system became legendary Harriett Tubman most famous “conductor” Caused further distrust b/w South and North
UNCLE TOM’S CABIN
Book by Harriett Beecher Stowe had profound impact of the northern perception of slavery
Portrayed slaves as real people in tragic circumstances South outraged, considered by many as a cause of the civil
war Lincoln: “So you’re the little lady that started the great big
war”
THE KANSAS-NEBRASKA ACT Kansas-Nebraska act of 1854 essentially repeals Missouri
Compromise Allowed popular sovereignty to solve issue of slavery
BLEEDING KANSAS Battleground between pro slavery forces from Missouri vs.
Anti-slavery forces from north Lecompton = slave capital Topeka = anti-slave capital By end of 1856 200 died
THE CANING OF CHARLES SUMNER Preston Brookes of South Carolina severely beats
abolitionist Charles Sumner in the senate chamber 293
Activating: Causes of the Civil War
THE CRISIS DEEPENS
Anger over the Kansas-Nebraska Act led to the formation of the Republican Party
Republicans agreed slavery should be left out of new territories
Dred Scott decision further intensifies debate = effectivley allowed slavery anywhere!!
Video Clip:Slavery and Western Expansion
Slavery and Western Expansion http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LQQJ
DR_rX30 3 2 1
THE EMERGENCE OF ABRAHAM LINCOLN
In 1858 Illinois Republicans chose Abraham Lincoln to run against Stephen Douglas for senate.
Lincoln-Douglas debates would earn Lincoln notoriety.
Lincoln = not an abolitionist but believed slavery morrally wrong
Douglas = popular soveriegnty
JOHN BROWN’S RAID On oct. 16th, 1859,
John Brown and 18 followers seized a weapons arsenal in harpers ferry.
Plan was to arm slaves and lead revolt
John Brown catpured and executed-pg 301
Southerners view him as terrorist
Northerners view him as martyr
AP 3: Create a test question
1’s = create a test question for the following:
Fugitive slave Act Uncle Tom’s Cabin Kansas Nebraska Act
2’s = create a test question for the following:
Dred Scott Abraham Lincoln John Browns raid.
SWITCH
activity
ATSU “division” 3-2-1 3 = things that you learned 2 = things that you thought were
interesting 1 = questions that you have _____________________________________ Summarize
Learning Log
In your journal, summarize what you have learned in regard to the growing differences between the North and the South. What events increased sectional conflict between the North and South?