Unit 3 Chapter 9 The Progressive Era. Id and Define Section 1 Progressive movement Prohibition...
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Transcript of Unit 3 Chapter 9 The Progressive Era. Id and Define Section 1 Progressive movement Prohibition...
Unit 3 Chapter 9
The Progressive Era
Id and Define Section 1
Progressive movement Prohibition Muckraker Scientific management Initiative Referendum Recall 17th amendment
Section 2 NACW Suffrage NAWSA
Section 3 The Jungle Square Deal Meat Inspection Act Pure Food and Drug
Act Conservation NAACP
Section 4 Payne-Aldrich Tariff Bull Moose Party
The Origins of Progressivism
Progressive movement aimed to restore economic opportunities and correct injustices 4 GOALS 1. protecting social welfare 2.Promoting moral improvement 3.Creating economic reform 4.Fostering efficiency
Protecting Social Welfare
Social Gospel and settlement houses
YMCA (young men’s Christian association)
Salvation Army Florence Kelly – became an
advocate for improving the lives of women and children
Florence Kelley is third from the left
Promoting Moral Improvement Improving the lives of the poor through
moral change Prohibition was one of the programs WCTU – Women’s Christian Temperance
Union crusaded for prohibition Singing, praying and urging saloon keepers
to stop selling alcohol Suffrage
Carrie Nation
Led a campaign to eliminate the “evils” of liquor through violent means.
She had an axe yo!
Frances Willard Took a Small
Midwest campaign and turned it national
Creating Economic Reform
Panic of 1893 Some embraced socialism
Labor leader Eugene V. Debs created the American Socialist Party
Progressives distanced themselves from socialism
Cont.
Muckrakers – journalists who wrote for popular magazines about the corruption Ida Tarbell – exposed the Standard Oil
company in McClures Magazine Yellow journalist – exaggerates a
story to sell newspapers
Fostering Efficiency
Louis D. Brandeis fought to limit women’s work day to 10hours Using the high
cost of the long working hour “Brandeis Brief”
Frederick Winslow Taylor used time and motion studies to improve efficiency by breaking manufacturing tasks into simpler parts “Taylorism” –
Applying scientific management studies to see how quickly a task can be performed
Henry Ford using the assembly line and reducing the work day to 8hours and $5 a day. Which gave
workers incentive work
Cleaning Up Local Government
Galveston, Texas – Hurricane revealed the failure of the government
Dayton, Ohio – flood Set up City Manager plan Reform Mayors – introduced
progressive reforms
Reform at the State level
Reform governors Robert M. La Follette “fighting Bob”
entered the Senate Targeted the railroad industry
Protecting Working Children
In 1904 the National Child Labor Committee gathered evidence to show the plight of children
Keating-Owen Act in 1916- prohibited the transportation of goods across state lines that were produced by children Later declared unconstitutional
Effort to Limit Working Hours
Bunting vs. Oregon Persuaded the court to uphold a 10
hour work day for men
Lost youth
Reforming Elections
Initiative – a bill originated by the people
Referendum - a vote on the initiative, requires legislator to vote on it.
Recall - enabled voters to remove public officials from elected positions
Recall election results
Direct Election of Senators
17th Amendment to the Constitution
Kept the senators honest by making them accountable to the people
Section 2 Women in Public Life
Women in the Work Force 1 out of 5 American women had jobs They were paid half as much as men Domestic Workers
Women Lead ReformWomen Lead Reform
►Triangle Shirtwaist Factory in NYC – Triangle Shirtwaist Factory in NYC – 146 workers died146 workers died Encouraged women's groups Encouraged women's groups Fought for reformFought for reform
►Women began to attend collegesWomen began to attend colleges►NACW, National Association of Colored NACW, National Association of Colored
WomenWomen
Triangle shirtwaist fire
Susan B. Anthony fought for suffrage
along with Elizabeth Cady Stanton – founded the National Women’s Suffrage Association (NWSA) which united with the NAWSA
Women's Suffrage 3 part strategy
1. Get the vote from state legislatures Wyoming, Utah, Colorado and Idaho
2. Women pursued court cases to test the 14th amendment
3. National Constitutional amendment to grant women the right to vote
Section 3 Teddy Roosevelt’s Square Deal• Roosevelt was known
as the progressive president
• NY politician who was considered too radical for state party politics
• They attempted to bury him in the Vice Presidency
T. Roosevelt becomes President
The Death of McKinley put Roosevelt in office at the age of 42 he was the youngest president
Wanted to help the common people by giving them a Square Deal
Progressive reforms
Using Federal Power
Trust busting – did not truly end trust just regulated them
Sherman Anti-Trust Act – too loosely worded
1902 Coal Strike, Roosevelt came out on the side of the strikers
Roosevelt Health and Environment The Jungle by
Upton Sinclair Described the
filthy conditions of the slaughter houses for workers
Inspired the Meat Inspection Act
And 1906 congress passed the Pure Food and Drug Act
Conservation
John Muir, a naturalist and writer persuaded Roosevelt to set aside 148 million acres of forest
Roosevelt appointed Gifford Pinchot as head of the U.S. Forest Service
Newlands act, irrigation project
Roosevelt and Muir
Section 4 Progressivism Under Taft
Roosevelt promised not to run for a third term instead he wanted William Howard Taft to become president
Taft as president
Did not receive much credit for programs or the busting of 90 trusts
The Payne-Aldrich Tariff• Taft wanted to lower tariffs, he supported the Payne
Bill
• However the Senate passed a weakened bill
Conservationist• Gifford Pinchot believed in managing for public
enjoyment and private development
3 candidates election of 19123 candidates election of 1912
Republicans –TaftRepublicans –Taft Progressive/Bull Moose – T. RooseveltProgressive/Bull Moose – T. Roosevelt Democrat – Woodrow Wilson Democrat – Woodrow Wilson
The Republican Party Splits 1912
The Bull moose party - 3rd party form by Roosevelt who decides to run for a third term
Woodrow Wilson
Campaign with women’s votes and black rights.
Carrie Chapman CattNAWSA PRES. 1915-
Lady like behavior
Radical LeadersLucy Burn and Alice PaulNWP
Alice Paul
Lucy Burns