UNIT 3 BIOLOGY Mod. 14: Behavior Genetics—Predicting Individual Differences.
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Transcript of UNIT 3 BIOLOGY Mod. 14: Behavior Genetics—Predicting Individual Differences.
UNIT 3 BIOLOGYMod. 14: Behavior Genetics—Predicting Individual Differences
Genes: Our Code for Life
• Behavior Geneticists: study human differences and weigh the effects and interplay of heredity and environment• Environment—external influences• Genetics: human life…a book with 46 chapters (chromosomes), 23 from each parent• DNA: genetic info , makes up chromosome• Genes : tiny units of DNA, 20,000-25,000
• If active, they are expressed
Genes Cont.
•Genome: instructions for creating an organism• Gene sequencing
•Geneticists study gene variations and how it affects behavior/though/ etc
•Genetic predisposition: genetically influenced traits help explain both shared human nature and diversity
Twin and Adoption Studies
• Identical Twins (monozygotic)•Fraternal Twins (dizgotic)
• Identical twins are basically a clone, same genes with some slight variations
Separated Twins
• “Jim” twins…example from your book• Critics will say while they were separated they were probably raised in similar setting and looking for similarities
Biological vs. Adoptive Relatives
•Adopted children are more like their birth parents in regards to personality
•Adoptive parents influence attitudes, values, manners, faith, and politics
Molecular Genetics
•Focusing on specific genes that affect behavior• Genes interacting • Looking for risks of disease
Heritability• The proportion of variation among individuals that we
can attribute to genes• Varies, depending on populations and environments
being studied• Measured from 0-1:
• 0 [0%] (low heritability): Influenced by environment• 1 [100%] (high heritability): Influenced by genes
• E.g.: If the heritability of intelligence in a given population/environment is 40% (moderately low), then genetic influence explains 40% of differences in intelligence among that specific population
• Herit: Inherit• Ability: Capability
Genes—Environmental Interaction
•Our genes and environment interact•Epigenetics: studying gene-environment interaction