Interstitial Cells of Cajal Mediate Cholinergic Neurotransmission ...
UNIT 3: BIOLOGICAL LEVEL OF ANALYSIS Day 2. Outcome(s): Explain, using examples, the effects of...
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Transcript of UNIT 3: BIOLOGICAL LEVEL OF ANALYSIS Day 2. Outcome(s): Explain, using examples, the effects of...
Outcome(s):
Explain, using examples, the effects of neurotransmission on human behavior
Discuss the use of brain-imaging technologies in investigating the relationship between biological factors and behavior
Agenda:
1. Psych 1 – Reading Quiz2. More on Neurotransmitters – Mouse
Party3. Coloring Activities – What’s In Your
Brain? & What’s Your Brain Doing?4. Ethics in Brain Research – animals and
humans Reading & Discussion
5. Technology in Brain Research6. Closure – Current Event
Neurotransmitters
Neurotransmitters: chemical messengers that relay neural messages across the synapse (many are also hormones)
There are several types of neurotransmitters, and each of them is responsible for some specific function.
Mouse Party – Drugs & Neurotransmitters
http://learn.genetics.utah.edu/content/addiction/drugs/mouse.html
What’s in Your Brain?
1. Cerebral Cortex
2. Thalamus
3. Corpus callosum
4. Hypothalamus
5. Hippocampus
6. Pituitary gland
7. Midbrain
8. Pons
9. Medulla
10. Brainstem
11. Spinal Cord
12. Cerebellum
What’s Your Brain Doing?1. Frontal Lobe• Body movement• Personality• Concentration,
problem solving• Meaning of
words• Emotional
reactions• Speech• Smell
2. Parietal lobe• Touch and pressure• Taste• Body awareness
3. Occipital Lobe• sight
4. Cerebellum (Latin – “little brain”)• Fine motor (muscle) control• Balance and coordination (avoid objects • and keep from falling)
5. Temporal Lobe• Receive and
process sound• Recognizing
faces• Emotion• Long term
memory
6. Limbic Lobe• Located
inside the brain
• Controls emotions like happiness, sadness, and love
Ethics in Brain Research
Animals Reading: More Experience = Bigger Brain
Humans http://
worldsciencefestival.com/videos/ethics_and_the_brain_project
Technology in Brain Research EEG – records brain waves Electroencephalograph: a device for recording brain
waves, typically by electrodes placed on the scalp. The record produced is known as an electroencephalogram (EEG)
Senses which parts of the brain are most active EEG is not a very precise instrument Mapping the Brain with Electric Probes:
Wilder Penfield: during brain surgery, stimulated patients’ exposed brains with an electrode and recorded responses Helped identify boundaries of diseased brain areas (to avoid
removing healthy tissue) Demonstrated brain’s surface is divided into regions with different
functions
Technology cont.
CT scan (computerized tomography): computerized imaging technique that uses X rays passed through the brain at various angles and then combined into an image
PET Scan (positron emission tomography): an imaging technique that relies on the detection of radioactive sugar consumed by active brain cells
MRI (magnetic resonance imaging): imaging technique that relies on cells’ responses in a high-intensity magnetic field
fMRI (functional magnetic resonance imaging): a type of MRI that reveals which parts of the brain are most active during various mental activities
Closure: Current Event
http://www.colbertnation.com/the-colbert-report-videos/425103/april-04-2013/francis-collins (8 min)
What device is Dr. Collins using?