Unit 3 exam preparation June 2011

1. Complete key words chart below

Key Word Definition

Mahgreb

Independence

Berber

Civil War

Military Coup

HDI

GDP

Literacy Rate %

Free Trade Bloc

Barcelona process

Community of Sahel-Saharan

States

HIPC

Economic Migrant

Brain Drain

Remittance

World Heritage Site

2. Investigate the history of the 5 countries – independence, culture, political stability, colonial rule, civil wars

and tensions. Remember the recent political unstability!

Country within

the Maghreb

Facts on history, culture, politics, civil wars, tensions, colonial rule and independence

Tunisia:

Libya

WTTC

Urban Cultural Tourism

Open Sky Agreement

Arid

Salt Water Incursion

Fossil Groundwater

Desalinisation

Desertification

Terrestrial ecology

Ecoregion

Algeria

Morocco

Mauritania

3. Look at all the websites at the end of the resource booklet. Make notes on any research you find out.

Morocco’s tourism development strategy

WWF

WTTC

North Africa

4. Complete the worksheet on the resources – next to each say what the trends are, what they show and try to

link them together.

5. What affects the rate of development?

Factor affecting the

rate of development

How it affects the rate of

development (+/-)

Evidence within the

resource booklet to

support this

Additional evidence I know /

have researched

Connectivity with the

world

Role of TNCs in the

development of the

country

Government support /

finances

Trading blocs / links to

other countries

Aid

Debt

Ability to trade

Industrial and

employment structure

(P,S,T,Q)

Value / level of

education

Health and wellbeing

of the population

Political stability or

instability

Access to resources

Other factors

6. How do we measure development?

Measure What it involves Advantages of this

measure

Disadvantages of this

measure

Evidence of

comparisons and

judgements

GDP

HDI

Multivariate

analysis

PQLI

7. What other evidence do you have that the countries are developed / less developed / developing? List your

facts.

8. What is an economic union?

9. What are the keys to success of economic unions?

10. How does the Maghreb compare to the EU?

11. Assess the outcomes of being in various economic and political blocs. (AMU; GAFTA; AU; UM; CSSS)

Costs Benefits

12. What are the other countries in the GAFTA?

13. What are the barriers to development? What evidence is there in the booklet to show that these countries

might not develop as quickly as they would like?

Barrier to development

Countries affected / more details Evidence from the resource booklet

Political instability

Debt

Reliance on aid

Over reliance on primary products / lack of resources

Lack of economic ties

Lack of investment in infrastructure

Threat of terrorism / view of rest of world

Others

14. Is tourism a positive and sustainable strategy for development?

Consider evidence from the booklet, additional research & justify your opinion:

15. What countries have done well from this “leapfrogging” and why? (consider alternative African nations)

16. Complete a SWOT analysis on the use of tourism as a development strategy for this area (make sure you

include economic, social, political and environmental ideas)

Strengths Weaknesses

Opportunities Threats

17. Key Themes

Key Themes

Who are the key players?

What actions are impactoing the region?

What is the 3P's

future?

18. Potential Bridging the Development Gap Questions

Learning Objective 1: Causes of the development gap

1. Causes of the development gap at diff scales (national, regional, global)

2. Which development theories can be applied to the Maghreb region? (Rostow; Poverty Cycle; Marxism;

Gundar Frank’s dependency theory; Core-Periphery; measurements of globalisaiton; debt)

3. What players are involved? (Governments; TNC’s; NGO’s)

4. How does trade enhance or close the development gap?

Learning Objective 2: Consequences of the development gap

1. What are the impacts of poverty? (women, young men)

2. What are the political tensions between Maghreb nations/Western Sahara/EU?

3. What are the ethical tensions within the Maghreb? (Arab/French cultures has lead to Maghreb Activists)

4. What are the environmental impacts of poverty stricken urban centres? (water, air, waste & transport

pollution)

5. What are the positive and negative impacts of poverty reduction? (social, environmental, economic /

transport, pollution, western values, terrorism, emigration, wealth export)

Learning Objective 3: reducing the development gap

1. How has neo-liberalism impacted the Maghreb?

2. What impact has top-down strategies had reducing the development gap in the Maghreb? (tourism, debt-

relief)

3. What impact has bottom-up strategies had reducing the development gap? (fair-trade mint)

4. How do trade and investment help the Maghreb develop? (political/economic blocs, tourism)

5. How will future actions cultivate development? (debt cancellation, tourism, technology, MDG)

19. Potenital exam questions:

Evaluate the arguments for and against large scale tourism in the Maghreb countries.

Evaluate why the Maghreb region is struggling to develop.

Examine the opportunities and challenges facing the Maghreb region.

Examine how development in the region could increase environmental issues.

Assess the potential of tourism to encourage development in the Maghreb region.

Evaluate the main threats/ issues which could limit the Maghreb regions development.

Examine the view points on pages 7. Assess relative importance of the challenges and opportunities mentioned.

Explain the factors which have led to the Maghreb regions underdevelopment.

Evaluate the relative importance in the factors limiting the Maghreb regions development.

Examine the role of the different players involved in the Maghreb region.

Discuss the social, economic and environmental impact of underdevelopment in the Maghreb region.

Explain why this region has not developed fully in recent years.

Examine the possible positive and negative consequences of rapid economic development in this region.

Examine the possible barrier to development in this region.

Assess whether tourism is a sustainable strategy for the future of the region.

Identify and evaluate the relative importance of the factors which are limiting the level of development in this region

Opinion

Summary of their opinion

Evidence and figures that support

their viewpoint

How reliable is this person’s

opinion?

Leap Local tourism website

New York Times, 20th February 2007

Climate Change and its impact on water

resources in the Maghreb regions,

WWC 2009 by Abdelfadel &

Driouech

France News 24 website, 2008

Rodrigo de Rato, Managing Director,

international Monetary Fund,

2005

Jean Ping, Chair of the African Union

Commission, 2009.