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STAGE 4: NATIONAL CONVENTION

NEWSPAPER WRITER ACTIVITY The Declaration of Rights of Man and Citizen has granted the

people of France freedom of the press. You have gained employment as a reporter so you can buy yourself some bread.

Your task is to create HEADLINES and subtitles for the following events that have taken place:

*Creation of Declaration of Rights of Man

*Reforms made by the National Assembly

*Louis’ attempted escape to Austria

*The Formation of the Legislative Assembly

*France’s war with outside enemies

*Invasion of the Tuileries Palace

*Limited monarchy is ended

*September Massacre

RADICALS DOMINATE

LEGISLATIVE ASSEMBLY - REVIEW

No one political faction or organization could claim order in France…the massacres of September resulted in the ____________ having the most influence

New governing body in late September becomes the National ______________.

Stage 4 – National Convention

Takes over after Legislative Assembly-September 21, 1792

Made up of radical leaders from the Jacobin Club

STAGES OF REVOLUTION – NATIONAL CONVENTION

STAGES OF THE REVOLUTION

Jean Paul ______

George Danton

JEAN PAUL MARAT

________________

__________________

Calls for thousands of people to be put to death through his writings

“Short in stature, deformed in person, and hideous in face"

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GEORGES DANTON

Fiery Orator

Devoted to the

rights of the

_______________

Abolished monarchy and declared France a ___________________.

All adult males could _______ and hold office & Louis XVI _____________________

Citizen Army

By 1794, 800,000 men and WOMEN fighting to protect France

Now at war with Britain, Austria, Prussia, Netherlands, and Spain

NATIONAL CONVENTION

MAXIMILIEN ROBESPIERRE

Radical leader of the Jacobins and the Revolution in 1793

Known as the “________________”

Leader of the “Committee of Public Safety”

His reign is known as the:

Robespierre’s Reign of Terror

Goal:

Committee of ________________

Created and lead by Robespierre

Seek out and _____________ enemies of the Republic

3000 Parisians & another 40,000 are executed by the guillotine; mostly ___rd estate members

REIGN OF TERROR

REIGN OF TERROR

Guillotine

Device created by Dr. Guillotin as a more humane means of killing

Nicknamed, The “National

____________”

Crowds complained often

that death occurred too

quickly to enjoy

KEEP IN MIND, CRIMINALS IN THE 17TH &

18TH CENTURIES FACED ONE OR MORE OF

THE FOLLOWING FATAL PENALTIES:

Burning

Strangulation

Quartered

Hanging

Dismemberment

Being broken by the

wheel

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CHANGES DURING THE REIGN OF

TERROR

Calendar changed to 12 months of 30 days

each…_________________ is outlawed

All Churches ___________, The C.O.P.S. focused

on REASON and believed religion to be irrational

Playing card images of queens and kings replaced

with _____________________.

New ‘religion’ – Cult of the Supreme Being is

created. Country is worshipped.

RADICALS EXECUTE THE KING

National Convention

tries Louis XVI for

treason (guided by

the Jacobins)

Louis XVI found

____________ and

executed at the

guillotine on January

21, 1793

EXECUTION OF LOUIS XVI – 1/21/1793

Said to have cried like a baby as he climbed the scaffolding

Symbolic event signifying the emergence of a true __________________

EXECUTION OF MARIE ANTOINETTE

Marie Antoinette- Queen of France

Executed on Oct. 16, 1793

Charged with depleting the ______________, orchestrating royal uprisings, incest with her son (completely unfounded)

Age 38

Louis-Charles (XVII)

Arrested at age 8 by

the revolutionaries

Placed in ___________

confinement...dies at age

10 of sickness, extreme

neglect

MURDER OF JEAN PAUL MARAT

Jean Paul Marat

Murdered in his _______ tub on July 13, 1793

Murdered by woman that feared his ideas _____________

Wanted an end to unnecessary violence

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EXECUTION OF GEORGE DANTON

George Danton

A leader of National Convention and close friend and confidant of Robespierre

Executed by guillotine in spring of 1794

OFF WITH ROBESPIERRE’S HEAD!

Members of the National

Convention secretly organize

and arrest Robespierre

July 28, 1794 – Robespierre

is guillotined (face up)

This July revolt against him

is known as the

Thermidorian Reaction

(month of July in new

calendar)

After Robespierre’s execution, National Convention leaders rally to create a more

“_______________” government structure.

Convention remains in place until the new structure is created and new members

elected

This will become the 5th and final stage…

END OF NATIONAL CONVENTION

Stage 5

1795- members of defunct National Convention create new “moderate” government

Still have many economic and social problems to tackle

Made up of MODERATES, mostly ____________

Corrupted; enriched themselves at the public’s expense

Structure:

THE DIRECTORY

THE DIRECTORY

Somewhat successful Created sense of _________

and _____________ throughout France

Responsible for the rise of France’s greatest military mastermind…

__________________

Napoleon will overthrow the Directory in

November of 1799