Unit 2

Crossing limits

China’s trade relations with other countries date back several thousand years.Its trade relations to the west were largely carried out along the famous Silk Road. In the early 15th century,China also started exploring destinations beyond Southeast Asia. For a short time,China ruled the sea.

Introduction

Through the “Silk Road”, China got in touch with some other countries over land.

Silk road began from_________ along the GansuCorridor （通道） and then to ______ and _________ To ________ in exchange for spices and silk

Chang’An

India Middle eastRome

What do you know about the Silk Road?

rhinoceros horn

Gan Ying

a Chinese ambassador,went to the East Roman Empire over land and returned to Luoyang with a present from an African king ----rhinoceros horn in 97 AD

Reaching out across the oceanReaching out across the ocean

This passage is about exploring to Africa. It will tell us the history of the contacts between China and Africa

1)How do you understand the the title “reaching out across the ocean?

--Chinese were reaching to the oceans

2)Why did Chinese reach out across the ocean?

--They wanted to trade with the western lands and show friendship to them.

• 形成人们努力形成人们努力 (( 探索世界探索世界 )) 的基的基础础

• 人类的努力 人类的努力

• 鼓舞某人做某事鼓舞某人做某事

• 寻找，搜索寻找，搜索

• 很久以前很久以前 // 不久以后不久以后

• form the foundation forform the foundation for

• mankind’s endeavour mankind’s endeavour

• inspire sb. to doinspire sb. to do

• search forsearch for

• long before/before long long before/before long

P1P1

1.Why did the early explorers set sail to reach out across the ocean? (Para1)

(1). Trade and curiosity…

(2). World map was …

(3). … inspired explorers to search for…

Listening

2.What was Columbus’s purpose of searching for the wealthy Asian lands?

---to seek treasure.

3.Which ocean does “Western Ocean” refer to?

---It referred to part of the Pacific Ocean and

part of Indian Ocean.

Who explored the Western Ocean before Columbus

. . 众所周知众所周知

. . 与…有接触与…有接触 // 联系联系• 交换交换

• (( 偶然偶然 )) 遇到遇到

• It is well known It is well known that…that…

• have contacts withhave contacts with • in exchange forin exchange for• meet withmeet with

P 2P 2

• 发展成为发展成为• 坐落在非洲海岸的坐落在非洲海岸的 王国和岛屿王国和岛屿

• develop intodevelop into • the kingdoms the kingdoms

and the islands and the islands off off the African the African coastcoast

P3P3

What was silk in exchange for?

And where was it traded? (Para2)

What was the world’s trading center over the next few hundred years? (Para3)

Spices and glass.Along the coast of the Indian Ocean.

The Swahili kingdoms and the islands off the African coast

• 被抓被抓 , , 被俘虏被俘虏

• 流浪，闲逛• 提供有关…的信息提供有关…的信息

• be taken prisoner be taken prisoner ( take sb. prisoner)( take sb. prisoner)• wander throughwander through • give information give information

onon

•The Arabic contacts to the African coast led to the next meeting between black people and a Chinese.

P4P4

How did a Chinese meet black people?

What was the result?(Para4)

The Arabic contacts to the African coast led to…

Du Huan wrote Records of My Travels, which gives information on Central Asian, Arabic and African countries.

• 拓展到，伸出到拓展到，伸出到• 追溯到追溯到

• reach out toreach out to• date from date from

(=date (=date back to)back to)

P5P5

• It was a major development that the It was a major development that the Africans were reaching out to China.Africans were reaching out to China.

• The Africans left the African land and The Africans left the African land and came for a visit to China by sea.came for a visit to China by sea.

• 正式往来的时机成熟了。正式往来的时机成熟了。

• 到达了繁盛时期到达了繁盛时期

• 中国的新朝代开始繁荣了。中国的新朝代开始繁荣了。

The time was ripe for a grand The time was ripe for a grand meeting.meeting.

reach the height of powerreach the height of power

China prospered under a new China prospered under a new dynasty.dynasty.

P6P6 It was the right moment to meet.

And what was the result of the contacts between China and Africa? (Para5-6)

…led to the awareness of…existence

…the time was ripe for a grand meeting.

Which countries or merchants explored the Which countries or merchants explored the western ocean before Columbus? (Para2-6)western ocean before Columbus? (Para2-6)

(1). In the earlist times: (1). In the earlist times:

(Para2)(Para2)

(2). Over the next few hundred years:(2). Over the next few hundred years:

(Para3-4)(Para3-4)

(3). In the 11(3). In the 11thth century century (Para5-6):(Para5-6):

Africa

China, Gan Ying

Swahili kingdoms; Arabic countries

Egypt, Greece, Rome; India, Ceylon; China; Africa Du Huan

Africans

(4). In the years between 1405-(4). In the years between 1405-1433:1433:

(Para7-9)(Para7-9)

Zheng He, Ming dynasty

Africa

(in different periods)

Marco Polo’s stories _______ explorers to _________ Asian lands.However, before them some were the real explorers of it. Firstly, from the earlist times, Africa ______________ India and Red Sea Civilisations. Silk from China was ______________ spices and glass. And it was also traded along the coast of Indian ocean. Chinese merchants _________ Arab merchants at Ceylon for its ______________. Secondly, the Swahili kingdoms and the islands off the African coast ______________ the world’s trading center over the next few hundred years. Because of the contacts between Arab and African coast, Du Huan was ______________ the Arabic army. But he escaped and wrote his _________________. In the 11th century, the Africans ____________________ to the

Song Dynasty.

inspired

search for

had contacts with in exchange

formet with

central positiondeveloped into

taken prisoner by Record of My

Travelsmadeseveral voyages

Before the Song Dynasty

which means of transport did

Chinese travelers mainly use?

Before the Song Dynasty

which means of transport did

Chinese travelers mainly use?

over land.

the way of travel

Zheng He is famous for having made several great voyages to the West Ocean, reaching as far as Africa.

an amazing feat of human endeavour.

• 商船队 商船队 • 在……的领导之下在……的领导之下• 起航起航• 红海海口红海海口

• treasure fleets•under the command

of •set sail (to / from /

for)• the mouth of the

Red Sea the entrance to the

Red Sea

P 7P 7

1.The wonderful gift and the contact with the black court so excited China’s curiosity about Africa that Zheng He sent a message to the king and to other African states, inviting them to send ambassadors and open embassies in the new Ming capital, Beijing.

• 和…重新确立关系和…重新确立关系• 送某人贵重礼物送某人贵重礼物• 送信送信• 设立使馆设立使馆• 作为回报作为回报

• rerenew relations withnew relations with• sendsend sb. a sb. a royalroyal prese prese

ntnt• sendsend a message to sb. a message to sb.• open open embassiesembassies• in returnin return

P 8P 8

2,The 2,The exchangeexchange for goods had a for goods had a symbolicsymbolic meani meaning ng farfar more important than the more important than the valuevalue of the go of the goods themselves.ods themselves.

• 货物交流的象征意义比货物本身的价值要重要的多。货物交流的象征意义比货物本身的价值要重要的多。

Para9:

For a short time, China had ruled the seas.

For a short time, China had been the most powerful country at sea.

Para7-9: Zheng Her’s voyage

time:

achievements:

routes:

exchanged gifts:

significance:

1405 --- 1433

way of travel: by boat

zebras, giraffes, shells, ivory, rhinoceros-horn medicine

discover; renew relation with; invite;

friendly; rule the sea

gold; spices; silk; various other presents.

China :

Africa:

In the years between 1405 and 1433, Zheng He set sail from the South China Sea across the Indian Ocean to the mouth of the Red Sea, and then travelled further south, discovering the eastern coast of Africa.

a Chinese navigator in the Ming Dynasty

HOMEWORK