Unit 11:Problem Management and Counseling

• Phases of Problem Management

• Typical Diving Problems And Solutions– Physical problems– Psychological problems– Equipment problems– Environmental conditions

problems– Skill related problems– Counseling

Student Performance:By the end of the lesson you will be able to:

• Describe the role of a leader in resolution of problems that divers inevitably encounter.

• Explain the phases of problem management.

• List typical diving problems and their solutions.

• Describe counseling techniques and their role in problem management.

Phases of Problem Management• Anticipation

– Expect the unexpected

• Recognition• Management

– Assess the situation

– Respond appropriately

– Resolve the problem if possible

Typical Diving Problems and Solutions• Physical problems

– Overexertion– Diver under the

influence of drugs or alcohol

– Diver becomes ill during a dive

– Diver unable to equalize during descent

– Pre-dive overheating

Typical Diving Problems and Solutions (continued)

• Physical problems (continued)– Chilling and hypothermia

– Rapid breathing

– Leg and other muscle cramps

– Menstrual cramps

– Injuries

– Entanglement

Typical Diving Problems and Solutions (continued)

• Psychological problems– Expressed fear of

depth, water conditions, etc.

– Peer pressure

– Time pressure

– Task loading

– General anxiety

– Panicked diver

Typical Diving Problems and Solutions (continued)

• Equipment problems– Missing items

– Unfamiliar equipment

– Inadequate equipment

– Wrong size equipment

– Weighting and ballast placement

– Out-of-air situations

Typical Diving Problems and Solutions (continued)

• Environmental conditions problems– Strong surf

– Currents

– Diver caught in current

– Poor visibility

– Silty bottom

– Temperature

– Hazardous aquatic life

Typical Diving Problems and Solutions (continued)

• Skill related problems– Diver unable to clear

mask

– Diver unable to clear regulator

– Poor buoyancy control

Typical Diving Problems and Solutions (continued)

• Counseling– Counseling

techniques• Nonjudgmental

attitude• Questioning• Reflective listening• Maintaining eye

contact

Typical Diving Problems and Solutions (continued)

– Group decision-making and intervention–When counseling fails

End of Unit 11 Problem Management and Counseling

• Phases of Problem Management

• Typical Diving Problems and Solutions– Physical problems– Psychological

problems– Equipment problems– Environmental

conditions problems– Skill related

problems– Counseling

Student Performance:By the end of the lesson you will be able to:

• Describe the role of a leader in resolution of problems that divers inevitably encounter.

• Explain the phases of problem management.

• List typical diving problems and their solutions.

• Describe counseling techniques and their role in problem management.