Unit 10 Circulatory SystemBlood

1. List the Functions of BLOOD

• TRANSPORT- deliver oxygen, pick up carbon dioxide and waste, transport hormones& nutrients

• DEFENSE- against pathogens( disease causing bacteria, virus) and help with clotting

• REGULATION- body temperature and water/salt balance & pH balance

Blood is made up of a liquid portion (plasma) and a cellular portion( red, white and platelets)

2. List the composition of PLASMA

• 92% water

• 8% PROTEINS-

gamma globulin- fight infection

fibrinogen- aid in clotting

Plasma is a pale yellow color

3. Describe the function of the blood cells

• ERYTHROCYTE- red blood cell, hemoglobin (iron) to carry oxygen, live 120 days, not enough RBC= anemia

• LEUKOCYTE- white blood cell, fight infection, life depends on your health (day-wk-mo-yr), Uncontrolled production of abnormal WBC is a cancer called Leukemia

• THROMBOCYTE- platelet, repair blood vessel to clot blood, live 10 days

Blood Cells

• Hematopoiesis- process by which blood cells (RBC, WBC, and Platelets) form

• Stem Cell- a cell capable of dividing and producing new cells that go on to become a particular type of cell

How does blood clot?

• After injury the blood vessel spasms or constricts( tries to close off)

• The platelets stick together in the area to form a plug

• Prothrombin is released by platelets

• Prothrombin converts to Thrombin

• Plasma releases Fibrinogen• Fibrinogen and thrombin form

FIBRIN (clot)

4&5. Describe the 4 blood types

Red blood cells may carry a protein, either A, B, A&B, or none(O), thus the blood types:

A B AB OAB is a UNIVERSAL RECIPIENT( since this blood has both

proteins it can receive any blood type)O is the UNIVERSAL DONOR (since this blood has no

proteins it can be given to anyone)

If Type A was given to Type B- the body would see the B protein as an ANTIGEN(foreign invader) and try to destroy it by producing antibodies, causing the blood to clump.

6. RH factor

• The RBC may also either have another protein (RH positive) or not have it (Rh negative)

• This protein is labeled Rh because the research was done on Rhesus monkeys.

• This is only a problem for Rh - females pregnant with a second Rh+ baby.

VOCABULARY

• Antigen- foreign invader

• ANTIBODY- immune system produces these proteins to fight antigens