Unit 1Unit 1What is a territory?What is a territory?

A Territory: A SpaceA Territory: A Space

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Space:Space: An empty area (usually bounded in some way between things); An empty area (usually bounded in some way between things);

"the architect left space in front of the building"; "they stopped "the architect left space in front of the building"; "they stopped at an open space in the jungle"; "the space between his teeth“. at an open space in the jungle"; "the space between his teeth“.

An inhabited, shared space:An inhabited, shared space:• People live in a territory (inhabit it).People live in a territory (inhabit it).• Diversity exists in a territory.Diversity exists in a territory.• In other words, we are not all the same:In other words, we are not all the same: a. Age differences exista. Age differences exist b. Either male or femaleb. Either male or female

c. Different languages are spoken (multi-linguistic)

d. Hold different jobs

e. Share different religious beliefs (multi-faith)

People with a similar background and financial status , tend to live in the same neighbourhood

Different zones exist in a territoryDifferent zones exist in a territory A A zonezone is a part of a territory is a part of a territory reservedreserved for specific for specific

activities.activities.

a)a)Industrial ZoneIndustrial Zone

b)b)Commercial ZoneCommercial Zone

c)c)Agricultural ZoneAgricultural Zone

d)d)Residential ZoneResidential Zone

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What is a COMMUNITY? What is a COMMUNITY? A group of people living in a particular local area.A group of people living in a particular local area.

Communities are organized and well-Communities are organized and well-planned outplanned out::

CommunitiesCommunities must provide access to important must provide access to important services so that residents can have a better services so that residents can have a better quality of life and live in security.quality of life and live in security.

Services and facilities Services and facilities provided by communities:provided by communities:1.1.Public servicesPublic services: : a) Public transita) Public transit

b) School bus services for childrenb) School bus services for children

c) Water management for clean, safe, drinkable waterc) Water management for clean, safe, drinkable water

d) Waste collection to pick up and dispose trashd) Waste collection to pick up and dispose trash

e) e) Sewage collectionSewage collection

2. Administrative services and city rules and regulations (by-law).2. Administrative services and city rules and regulations (by-law).

3. Communities have zoned areas reserved for industries, businesses, 3. Communities have zoned areas reserved for industries, businesses, houses and farming.houses and farming.

4. Communities offer access to airports and train stations so that we 4. Communities offer access to airports and train stations so that we can travel across Canada or around the world. can travel across Canada or around the world.

5. Communities have public buildings for debating and decision-making 5. Communities have public buildings for debating and decision-making (city hall) and community centres (LDV Centre) for providing activities (city hall) and community centres (LDV Centre) for providing activities to its seniors and youth.to its seniors and youth.

A transformed space•A territory is constantly changing.•It has slowly transformed as the years went by.•Outdated buildings are replaced with newer ones.•Farmlands are taken over by new neighbourhoods.

Certain events can lead to major transformations:A)A war can destroy a city.B)Natural disaster (earthquake) can cause severe damage.C)An Invention can change the appearance of land too (Roads and highways exist because of the invention of cars!)

A Territory: Landscapes•Many different types of landscapes exist.

•Landscapes can be either natural or man-made.

•Some landscapes are transformed into something else or renovated because they are considered too ugly, outdated or dangerous.

Turcot InterchangeTurcot InterchangeFrom Wikipedia, the free encyclopediaFrom Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Reconstruction plansReconstruction plans In June 2007, the Quebec government announced the demolition and In June 2007, the Quebec government announced the demolition and

reconstruction of the structure, projected to be complete in 2016. The reconstruction of the structure, projected to be complete in 2016. The announcement came four years after a study on the interchange showed the announcement came four years after a study on the interchange showed the Turcot structure was crumbling, |with reports of concrete slabs up to one Turcot structure was crumbling, |with reports of concrete slabs up to one square metre falling from the overpasses.square metre falling from the overpasses.[1] In addition to a new interchange In addition to a new interchange built lower to the ground, a large segment of Autoroute 20 would be rebuilt built lower to the ground, a large segment of Autoroute 20 would be rebuilt more to the north. Reconstruction of the interchange is expected to cost more to the north. Reconstruction of the interchange is expected to cost between $1.2 billion and $1.5 billion.between $1.2 billion and $1.5 billion.[2]

Local residents and community groups have come out against the project as Local residents and community groups have come out against the project as proposed by the government, pointing out that it will worsen pollution, proposed by the government, pointing out that it will worsen pollution, increase automobile traffic downtown, and require the demolition of housing increase automobile traffic downtown, and require the demolition of housing including a significant portion of the Village des Tanneries neighbourhood.including a significant portion of the Village des Tanneries neighbourhood.[3]

[4]. The project's environmental hearings ended June 19,2009.. The project's environmental hearings ended June 19,2009.[5]. They . They revealed new plans for the area by CN,revealed new plans for the area by CN,[6] as well as strong public desire to as well as strong public desire to protect existing communities, rethink the modal balance of Montreal's urban protect existing communities, rethink the modal balance of Montreal's urban transportation, and plan realistically for a future of energy shortages and transportation, and plan realistically for a future of energy shortages and environmental crisis.environmental crisis.

A Territory: IssuesA Territory: Issues• Individuals have different interests and some do not Individuals have different interests and some do not

agree with decisions made by community leaders.agree with decisions made by community leaders.• This is because they have different opinions on how This is because they have different opinions on how

shared space should be used.shared space should be used. For example: Should a Walmart store be built over For example: Should a Walmart store be built over

empty fields? empty fields? An An environmentalistenvironmentalist will most likely disagree will most likely disagree

because it would mean destroying green space. because it would mean destroying green space.

A A merchantmerchant, like Wal-Mart, will gladly agree to building , like Wal-Mart, will gladly agree to building a new store in that space because it means more profit. a new store in that space because it means more profit.

An An economisteconomist will most likely say yes because opening will most likely say yes because opening up a Wal-Mart in that region will mean more jobs.up a Wal-Mart in that region will mean more jobs.

Different points of view often lead to problems!

These conflicts become the focus of territorial issues.

The 6 issues territories faceThe 6 issues territories face::1. Finding housing:1. Finding housing: People with low income have difficulty finding People with low income have difficulty finding

affordable apartments; especially in most affordable apartments; especially in most downtown areas.downtown areas.

2. Protecting farming territories2. Protecting farming territories Cities are constantly expanding and taking up Cities are constantly expanding and taking up

more and more space, encroaching on farmland.more and more space, encroaching on farmland.

3. Transportation (traffic):3. Transportation (traffic): Finding ways to reduce traffic is a challenge in Finding ways to reduce traffic is a challenge in

metropolises.metropolises. Using public transit (buses and metros) and carpooling Using public transit (buses and metros) and carpooling

is encouraged while using cars is discouraged. is encouraged while using cars is discouraged.

4. Creating a balance between visiting a park 4. Creating a balance between visiting a park and protecting it:and protecting it:

Visitors go to a national park to admire nature.Visitors go to a national park to admire nature. Too many tourists admitted can harm the environment. Too many tourists admitted can harm the environment.

5. Ensuring long-term development of the 5. Ensuring long-term development of the forest:forest:

This involves the challenge of cutting down trees This involves the challenge of cutting down trees while still finding a way to protect the forest while still finding a way to protect the forest (replanting, quotas etc.) (replanting, quotas etc.)

6. Sharing and developing a territory:6. Sharing and developing a territory: Aboriginal people want more control over Aboriginal people want more control over

economic activities in their territory.economic activities in their territory.

Different types of Different types of territoryterritory

How to identify each type of How to identify each type of territoryterritory1. Regional territory:1. Regional territory:

This space is dominated by one main economic This space is dominated by one main economic activity: tourism, forestry, mining activity: tourism, forestry, mining etc.etc.

A city is usually close-by.A city is usually close-by. Ex: Tourist region of Charlevoix, town of Baie-St-Paul. Ex: Tourist region of Charlevoix, town of Baie-St-Paul.

2. Urban Territory:2. Urban Territory: Its characteristics include dense population, Its characteristics include dense population,

highways, business, commercial and residential highways, business, commercial and residential districts, and suburbs. districts, and suburbs.

3. Agricultural territory:3. Agricultural territory: Scattered houses; villages; Scattered houses; villages; farmsfarms; specialized buildings; ; specialized buildings;

industries and service. associated with agriculture.industries and service. associated with agriculture.

4. Native territory4. Native territory Its inhabited by aboriginal people.Its inhabited by aboriginal people. Claimed ancestral rights over land.Claimed ancestral rights over land.

5. Protected territory5. Protected territory Space that the government has decided. to develop and Space that the government has decided. to develop and

regulate to prevent it from deteriorating.regulate to prevent it from deteriorating.