Unit 1 Scientific Approaches Chapter 4 Genes and heredity.
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Transcript of Unit 1 Scientific Approaches Chapter 4 Genes and heredity.
![Page 1: Unit 1 Scientific Approaches Chapter 4 Genes and heredity.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062304/56649cda5503460f949a41b5/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Unit 1 Scientific Approaches
Chapter 4
Genes and heredity
![Page 2: Unit 1 Scientific Approaches Chapter 4 Genes and heredity.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062304/56649cda5503460f949a41b5/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Basic Genetics
• 1.Genes are in pairs (alleles), one from each parent
• 2.dominant or recessive, homozygous or hetero
• 3.Genes segregate (separate) during reproduction
• 4.Genes assort independently, combos are random
![Page 3: Unit 1 Scientific Approaches Chapter 4 Genes and heredity.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062304/56649cda5503460f949a41b5/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
• Genotype- genetic makeup, genes
• Phenotype- what it physically looks like
• Polygenetic traits- come from combo of many genes
• Ex: nose shape, hair color
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DNA
• Genes located on chromosomes
• Some are sex linked (carried on X)
• Central Dogma• DNA --> RNA -->
Protein
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• Haploid + Haploid= Diploid
• N + N = 2N• 23 from mom + 23
from dad = 46 baby
![Page 6: Unit 1 Scientific Approaches Chapter 4 Genes and heredity.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062304/56649cda5503460f949a41b5/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
What Genes Do
Control body processes
Are not expressed all the time
Heritability:
Behavior= Genetics + Environment
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Genetic Mutation and Evolution
• 1. Mutations- random change in genes, lead to new phys or beh traits
• 2. Gene flow- mov’t of indiv in or out of pop which changes allele frequency
• 3. Genetic drift- changes in gene pool by chance (environment changes, disease, etc)
• 4. Nonrandom mating- sex selection
![Page 8: Unit 1 Scientific Approaches Chapter 4 Genes and heredity.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062304/56649cda5503460f949a41b5/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Genes and Behavior
• Different genes lead to
• Different proteins and amino acids which lead to
• Different behavioral traits
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Selection
• Artificial selection- selective breeding for certain traits
• Making hybrids to combine breed traits
• Instinctive drift- behavior gravitates toward strong instinctive pattern even when learning or training contradicts it