Unit 1 Intro to Environmental Science
Transcript of Unit 1 Intro to Environmental Science
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UNIT 1 INTRO TO ENVIRONMENTAL
SCIENCE
Chapter 1 Science and the Environment
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WHAT IS ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE?
Environment everything around us,including natural and man-made
Complex web of relationships connecting us with
the rest of the world
Environmental science study of the impactof humans on the environment --- 2 focuses
How we use natural resources
How our actions impact the environment
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MANY FIELDS OF STUDY WITHIN ES
Interdisciplinary science
Biology
Chemistry
Earth science
Physics
Social Sciences
What is the difference between ES andEcology?
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SCIENTISTS AS CITIZENS, CITIZENS AS SCIENTISTS
Governments, cities and businessunderstand that studying theenvironment is vital to maintaining a
healthy and productive society Environmental scientists share their
research with the world
Non-scientists often collect data andmake initial observations and thenreport to scientists i.e. students anddeformed frogs in Minn. lakes
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ENVIRONMENTAL CAREERS
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CASE STUDY
Lake Washington: An EnvironmentalSuccess Story
Pg 12-13
Critical thinking
#1 and 2
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OUR ENVIRONMENT THROUGH TIME
Fill in the table with describing how humanshave used the environment or impacted theenvironment over time
Hunter-Gatherer
Agricultural revolution
Industrial revolution
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HUNTER-GATHERERS
CHARACTERISTICS
People who get foodby collecting plants,
hunting wild animals orscavenging theirremains
Small migrant groupswho went where thefood was
IMPACT ON
ENVIRONMENT
fires in prairies to keep
trees from growing,maintaining grasslandarea for hunting,
over hunting =extinction of species
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AGRICULTURAL REVOLUTION
CHARACTERISTICS
Agriculture growing, breedingand caring for plants, andanimals that are used for food,clothing, housing,transportation, etc.
H-Gs started collecting seeds ofplants and domesticatinganimals
Dramatic change on humansand environment
Human population increasedgreatly and concentrated insmall areas
Todays plants that are eaten aredescendents of wild plantsartificial selection
IMPACT ON ENVIRONMENT
Habitat destruction Soil loss, floods, water shortages Poor techniques led to infertile
soil
Collapse of civilizations when soilbecame infertile
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INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION
CHARACTERISTICS
Shift of energy resourcesfrom humans and animalsto fossil fuels
Increase efficiency ofagriculture, industry, andtransportation
Large scale production ofgoods in factories
More people in urbanareas Better quality of life Better sanitation,
medicine, nutrition,
convieniences
IMPACTS
Less land needed forfarming
Increased use of fossil fuels
Artificial substances used inplace of natural, i.e. plastics Trash, pollution
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SPACESHIP EARTH
Nickname for earth Closed system the
only thing that comes inis energy from the sun
and the only thing thatleaves is heat Cannot dispose of waste
and cannot bring newmaterial in
Some supplies arelimited
Environmental problemsoccur on local, regional,and global levels
Problem: Pressure onenvironment withpopulation growth Ag and Indust. Revolution
led to population boom
Vast amounts of resourcesare being used to feed theworld
Result = habitat destructionand pesticide pollution
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MAIN ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS
Resource depletion Renewable replace fairly
quickly by nature Non-renewable forms at a
much slower rate than isconsumed
Pollution Undesired change in air,
water, or soil that adverselyaffects health, survival, oractivities of living organisms
Wastes are produced fasterthan they can be disposed of
Biodegradable and non-biodegradable waste
Loss of Biodiversity Extinction of species
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1.2 THE ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIETY
Read page 16 The Tragedy of the Commons Natural resources = commons
Short term individual interests sacrificed sometimes
for common long term interests Economics
Supply and Demand the greater the demand for alimited supply of something, the more something is
worthi.e supply of oil Costs and Benefits are the benefits worth the costs
Risk Assessments risk for undesirable outcomes
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DEVELOPED VS DEVELOPING
DEVELOPING DEVELOPED
Lower than averageincomes
Simple, agricultural basedeconomies
Rapid population growth
Higher average incomes
Slower population growth
Diverse industrialeconomies
Stronger social supportsystems
US, Canada, Japan,Western Europe
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POPULATION AND CONSUMPTION
Rapid population growth localenvironment often cannot supplyresources to support populationwhich leads to habitat destruction,
soil exhaustion, and extinction More of a problem in developing
countries
Consumption
Developed countries use 75% of theworlds resources while only making up20% of the worlds population
Creates more waste and pollution perperson than in developing countries
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ECOLOGICAL FOOTPRINTS
Method of expressingdifferences inconsumption
Shows the productivearea of earth (amount ofland and resources)
needed to support oneperson in a particularcountry
Developed countries =4xs that of developing
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A SUSTAINABLE WORLD
Sustainability condition in which humanneeds are met in such a way that the humanpopulation can survive indefinitely
Consumption patterns put us far from livingas a sustainable world