Economics “Econ, Econ” Econ. Unit 1: Basic Economic Concepts.
Unit 1: Basic Economic Concepts “Econ, Econ” Econ 1.
-
Upload
nigel-perry -
Category
Documents
-
view
255 -
download
0
Transcript of Unit 1: Basic Economic Concepts “Econ, Econ” Econ 1.
Unit 1: Basic Economic Concepts
““Econ, Econ, EconEcon””
EconEcon
1
Economic Terminology
Utility =Marginal =
Satisfaction!Additional!
Allocate = Distribute!
2
Economic Terminology
3
Scarcity vs. ShortagesPrice vs. CostInvestmentConsumer GoodsCapital Goods
Scarcity vs. Shortages
•Shortages occur when producers will not or cannot offer goods or services at current prices. Shortages are temporary.
•Scarcity occurs at all times for all goods.
Price vs. CostWhat’s the price? vs. How much does that cost?
Price= Amount buyer (or consumer) pays
Cost= Amount seller pays to produce a good
InvestmentInvestment= the money spent by BUSINESSES to improve their production
Ex: $1,000 new computer, $1 Million new factory 4
Services= actions or activities that one person performs for another (teaching, cleaning, cooking)
Goods= physical objects that satisfy needs and wants
Give examples…
•Consumer Goods- created for direct consumption (example: pizza)
•Capital Goods- created for indirect consumption (pizza oven, work computer, etc.)
•Goods used to make consumer goods
Goods vs. Services
5
The 4 Factors of Production
6
The Four Factors of Production
Entrepreneurship
Capital
Labor
Land
•Producing goods and services requires the use of resources-!. •ALL resources can be classified as one of the following four factors of production:
7
Land = All natural resources that are used to produce goods and services. Anything that comes from “mother nature.” (Water, Sun, Plants, Oil, Trees, Stone, Animals, etc.)
The Four Factors of Production
Labor = Any effort a person devotes to a task for which that person is paid. (manual laborers, lawyers, doctors, teachers, waiters, etc.)
8
Two Types of Capital: 1. Physical Capital- Any human-made resource that is used to create other
goods and services (tools, tractors, machinery, buildings, factories, etc.)2. Human Capital- Any skills or knowledge gained by a worker through
education and experience (college degrees, etc.)
The Four Factors of Production
9
• Entrepreneurship= ambitious leaders that combine the other factors of production to create goods and services.
• Examples-Steve Jobs, Bill Gates, Inventors, Store Owners, etc.
The Four Factors of Production
Entrepreneurs: Take risksSo they can obtain _________.
Profit= Revenue - Costs10
The Factors of Production
11
The Four Factors of Production
You decide to order a pizza to satisfy your wants. First, you picked up the telephone and gave your order to the owner that entered it into her computer.
What other Factors will be used to make your pizza?
Classify the Factors of Production in the following scenario:
13
Accountants vs. Economists
Accountants look at only EXPLICIT COSTS.•Explicit costs are the traditional “out-of pocket costs” of decision making.
•Ex: Going to Disneyland
Economists look at the EXPLICIT COSTS and the IMPLICIT COSTS.•Implicit costs are the opportunity costs such as lost time and lost income. The things I could have been doing
•Ex: Kobe Bryant leaves the NBA to open a pizza shop. 14
Opportunity cost
15