Unisanta - Visão Geral de hardware Servidor IBM System z

© IBM Corporation, 2014

System z – Visão Geral Hardware

Anderson BassaniIBM STG Brasil – Especialista técnico System zVersão 2.0

2 © IBM Corporation, 2014

Trademarks

Notes: Performance is in Internal Throughput Rate (ITR) ratio based on measurements and projections using standard IBM benchmarks in a controlled environment. The actual throughput that any user will experience will vary depending upon considerations such as the amount of multiprogramming in the user's job stream, the I/O configuration, the storage configuration, and the workload processed. Therefore, no assurance can be given that an individual user will achieve throughput improvements equivalent to the performance ratios stated here.

IBM hardware products are manufactured from new parts, or new and serviceable used parts. Regardless, our warranty terms apply.

All customer examples cited or described in this presentation are presented as illustrations of the manner in which some customers have used IBM products and the results they may have achieved. Actual environmental costs and performance characteristics will vary depending on individual customer configurations and conditions.

This publication was produced in the United States. IBM may not offer the products, services or features discussed in this document in other countries, and the information may be subject to change without notice. Consult your local IBM business contact for information on the product or services available in your area.

All statements regarding IBM's future direction and intent are subject to change or withdrawal without notice, and represent goals and objectives only.

Information about non-IBM products is obtained from the manufacturers of those products or their published announcements. IBM has not tested those products and cannot confirm the performance, compatibility, or any other claims related to non-IBM products. Questions on the capabilities of non-IBM products should be addressed to the suppliers of those products.

Prices subject to change without notice. Contact your IBM representative or Business Partner for the most current pricing in your geography.

This information provides only general descriptions of the types and portions of workloads that are eligible for execution on Specialty Engines (e.g, zIIPs, zAAPs, and IFLs) ("SEs"). IBM authorizes customers to use IBM SE only to execute the processing of Eligible Workloads of specific Programs expressly authorized by IBM as specified in the “Authorized Use Table for IBM Machines” provided at www.ibm.com/systems/support/machine_warranties/machine_code/aut.html (“AUT”). No other workload processing is authorized for execution on an SE. IBM offers SE at a lower price than General Processors/Central Processors because customers are authorized to use SEs only to process certain types and/or amounts of workloads as specified by IBM in the AUT.

The following are trademarks or registered trademarks of other companies.

* Other product and service names might be trademarks of IBM or other companies.

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* Registered trademarks of IBM Corporation

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AIX*BladeCenter*CICS*Cognos*DataPower*

DB2*DFSMSEASY TierFICON*GDPS*

PowerHA*PR/SMPureSystemsRational*RACF*

RMFSmarter Planet*Storwize*System Storage*System x*

System z*System z10*Tivoli*WebSphere*XIV*

zEnterprise*z10z10 ECz/OS*

z/VM*z/VSE*

HiperSockets*HyperSwapIMSInfiniBand*Lotus*

MQSeries*NetView*OMEGAMON*Parallel Sysplex*POWER7*

3 © IBM Corporation, 2014

"The postings on this slides are my own and don't necessarily represent IBM's positions, strategies or opinions."

• Apresentado para a Universidade Santa Cecília – UNISANTA no dia 03/Setembro/2014. Obrigado pela participação dos Alunos do curso de Graduação de Sistemas de Informação (1o. a 3o. Ano) e aos alunos do 4o. ano do curso de Ciência da Computação.

• Agradecimentos:• A todos os professores da universidade que prestigiaram o evento• Professor Guerra - Unisanta• Maurício Asenjo - Unisanta• Denis Vaz de Lima Galluzzi Baltazar - IBM• Leandro Velasco – Otimize3• Valdir Zilio – Otimize3• André Rodrigues – www.eudmarco.com.br

• Agradecimentos adicionais:• João Paulo Cardani – IBM• Vilmar Travassos – IBM• John Banchy – IBM USA• Por terem contribuído com parte do material aqui apresentado

Agenda

• Histórico – 50 anos de IBM Mainframe• Momento atual da indústria de TI• System z - Hardware

• Processador e desempenho• Subsistema de I/O• Memória

Mainframe 50 anos - A inovação que fez história (versão completa)

Mainframe50 – Linha do tempo7 de Abril de 1964

Mainframe50 – Linha do tempo

Agenda



1900 1950 2011

Eventos Disruptivos

Em Janeiro de 2014 – anunciado a divisão IBM Watson

Parceria entre Apple e IBManunciada no dia 15/Julho/2014

Indústria de Tecnologia da Informação – buzzwords

•Cloud•Analytics•Mobile•Social•Security

Moore’s Law - Sequential processor performance“every 18 months... you're going to get twice as many transistors which, you can have for the same amount of dollars” fonte: Computer Architecture: A Quantitative Approach Hennessey and Patterson, 5th Edition (2012)

http://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lei_de_Moore

Growth in clock rate of microprocessorsfonte: Computer Architecture: A Quantitative Approach Hennessey and Patterson, 5th Edition (2012)

Agenda



O que é System z?

• IBM’s premier commercial computing system

• >50 years of software investment protection(por exemplo, compatibilidade binária)

• Shared everything design

• Modern applicationsDatabases(DB2, Oracle…)

DataWarehouse

TransactionProcessing

ERP

InfrastructureFunctions

Web, ESB,Portal

LinuxApps SAP

Histórico e Introdução a Plataforma Mainframe• O termo “Mainframe” se refere ao gabinete principal que alojava a unidade

central de processamento nos primeiros computadores.• O termo é utilizado até hoje por usuários de computadores considerados como

“de grande porte”, IBM ou não IBM.• IBM System z é o nome de um dos servidores da família de servidores da IBM

Systems and Technology Group (STG).• IBM STG é uma unidade de negócio da IBM responsável pelos servidores e discos

(hardware e storage).

Histórico e Introdução a Plataforma Mainframe

• Se a IBM não criar o software para rodar sistemas de mainframe ela mesma, a empresa “ABC” o fará, e certamente existe um mercado muito interessado nesta solução e assim acaba o monopólio da IBM em relação ao hardware proprietário, caro e de museu

O Sistema dos Sistemas

Embora a tecnologia tenha feito grandes progressos e todas as plataformas tenham evoluído muito, a demanda e os requisitos estabelecidos cresceram exponencialmente.

As cargas de trabalho estão mais diversificadas emais complexas;

Um volume de dados sem precedentes;

Maior cobrança por desempenho e eficiência;

Segurança e continuidade de negócios são essenciais.

A realidade nos dias de hoje...

O Sistema dos SistemasA sedução pelo “one size fits all”...

Os ambientes corporativos são multiplataforma e são otimizados para diferentes workloads:

• Banco de Dados;• Processamento Transacional;• Business Analytics;• Web-based Portals;• Enterprise Applications (como ERP);• Inúmeras aplicações x86.

Soluções complexas são otimizadas para o funcionamento em infraestruturas de camadas heterogêneas de software e hardware

O Sistema dos Sistemas

Computação Centralizada (Sistema z/OS)

Clientes trabalham com servidor a 100% de utilização sem degradação de desempenho

Proteção de investimento

Nenhuma ocorrência de vírus ou invasão externa (O servidor z possui certificação EAL5)

N-4N-4

z990•Announced 5/2003•1.2 GHz•Up to 32 assignable cores•CP, IFL, ICF, zAAP•Up to 256 GB Memory

z890•Announced 4/2004•1.0 GHz•Up to 4 assignable cores•CP, IFL, ICF, zAAP•Up to 32 GB Memory

N-3N-3

z9 Enterprise Class•Announced 7/2005•1.7 GHz•Up to 54 assignable cores•CP, IFL, ICF, zAAP, zIIP•Up to 512 GB Memory

z9 Business Class•Announced 4/2006•1.4 GHz•Up to 7 assignable cores•CP, IFL, ICF, zAAP, zIIP•Up to 64 GB Memory

N-5N-5

z800•Announced 2/2002•625 MHz•Up to 4 assignable cores•CP, IFL, ICF•Up to 32 GB Memory

z900•Announced 10/2000•770 MHz•Up to 16 assignable cores•CP, IFL, ICF•Up to 64 GB Memory

N-2N-2

z10 Enterprise Class•Announced 2/2008•4.4 GHz•Up to 64 assignable cores•CP, IFL, ICF, zAAP, zIIP•Up to 1.5 TB Memory

z10 Business Class•Announced 10/2008•3.5 GHz•Up to 10 cfg cores (5 CP)•CP, IFL, ICF, zAAP, zIIP•Up to 248 GB Memory

N-1N-1

zEnterprise 196•Announced 7/22/2010•5.2 GHz•Up to 80 assignable cores•CP, IFL, ICF, zAAP, zIIP•Up to 3 TB Memory

zEnterprise 114•Announced 7/12/2011•3.8 GHz•Up to 10 cfg cores (5 CP)•CP, IFL, ICF, zAAP, zIIP•Up to 256 GB Memory

Gerações do Servidor IBM System z

zEnterprise EC12

• Over $1 billion in IBM R&D investment

• zEnterprise EC12 (zEC12)• 1 to 101 configurable cores• 2 spares, up to 16 standard SAPs • High speed 5.5 GHz processors• 60 sub-capacity settings up to 20 CPs• Up to 3 TB of RAIM memory

• New Features• Transactional memory• Flash Express• IBM zAware• 10 GbE RDMA over converged Ethernet

zEnterprise BC12

• zEnterprise BC12 (zBC12) – Dois modelos H06 ou H13• 1 to 13 configurable cores• 2 spares, 2 standard SAPs • High speed 4.2 GHz processors• Up to 26 capacity settings x 6 CP = 156 settings• Up to 496 GB of customer RAIM memory• Up to 64 PCIe channel features

• New Features• Transactional memory• Flash Express• IBM zAware• 10 GbE RDMA over converged Ethernet

InternalBatteries(optional)

PowerSupplies

2 x SupportElements

PCIe I/O drawers

(Maximum 5 for zEC12)

Overhead Power Cables

(option)

Processor Books with Flexible Support Processors (FSPs), PCIe and HCA I/O fanouts

Radiator with N+1 pumps, blowers and motors

Optional FICON LX Fiber Quick Connect (FQC) not shown

PCIe I/O interconnect cables and Ethernet cables FSP cage controller cards

Overhead I/O feature is a co-req for overhead power option

zEC12 New Build Radiator-based Air cooled – Under the covers (Model H89 and HA1) Front view

InternalBatteries(optional)

PowerSupplies

I/O Drawer

2 x CPC Drawers, Memory & HCAs

FQC for FICON LX only

Ethernet cables for internal System LAN connecting Flexible Service Processor

(FSP) cage controller cards (not shown)

PCIe I/O drawers

Rear View Front View

2 x SupportElements

zBC12 Model H13 – Under the covers

IBM System z – Virtual Tourhttp://ibmtvdemo.edgesuite.net/servers/z/demos/zEnterprise_Radiator_Product_Tour/index.html

Agenda



zEC12 Continues the CMOS Mainframe Heritage Begun in 1994

770 MHz

1.2 GHz

1.7 GHz

4.4 GHz

5.2 GHz5.5 GHz

1000

0

2000

3000

4000

5000

MH

z/G

Hz

6000

2000z900

189 nm SOI16 CoresFull 64-bit

z/Architecture

2003z990

130 nm SOI32 Cores

SuperscalarModular SMP

2005z9 EC

90 nm SOI54 Cores

System level scaling

2012zEC12

32 nm SOI101 Cores

OOO and eDRAMcache improvements

PCIe FlashArch extensions

for scaling

2010z196

45 nm SOI80 CoresOOO core

eDRAM cacheRAIM memoryzBX integration

2008z10 EC

65 nm SOI64 Cores

High-freq core3-level cache

zEnterprise EC12 Book and Frame

MCM

EC12 Book

4-Book EC12 System

Mem

Mem

MCM @ 1800WWater Cooled

3 DCA Power Supplies 14 DIMMs100mm High

16 DIMMs100mm High

Rear

I/OFanoutCards

Cooling connector

MCM

Memory

Memory

Front

zEC12 Book Layout

Front ViewFanouts

zEC12Hexa-core PU CHIP

MCM

BOOKSide View

L3C

0

L3C

1

GXMC

U

Core0

Core1

Core2

Core3

Core4

Core5

L4Q L4Q

L4Q L4Q

L4CL4B L4B

PU 0PU 2

SC 0SC 1

PU 1

V00

V01

PU 5PU 3 PU 4

V10

V11

zEC12 PU chip, SC chip and MCM

PU 0PU 2

SC 0

SC 1

PU 1

V00

V01

PU 5PU 3 PU 4

V10

V11

• 96mm x 96mm MCM– 102 Glass Ceramic layers– 8 chip sites

• 7356 LGA connections– 27 and 30 way MCMs– Maximum power used by MCM is 1800W

• CMOS 13s chip Technology

– PU, SC, S chips, 32nm

– 6 PU chips/MCM – Each up to 6 active cores

• 23.7 mm x 25.2 mm

• 2.75 billion transistors/PU chip

• L1 cache/PU core– 64 KB I-cache– 96 KB D-cache

• L2 cache/PU core– 1 MB I-cache– 1 MB D-cache

• L3 cache shared by 6 PUs per chip

– 48 MB

• 5.5 GHz

– 2 Storage Control (SC) chip

• 26.72 mm x 19.67 mm

• 3.3 billion transistors/SC chip

• L4 Cache 192 MB per SC chip (384 MB/Book)

• L4 access to/from other MCMs

– 4 SEEPROM (S) chips – 1024k each

• 2 x active and 2 x redundant

• Product data for MCM, chips and other engineering information

– Clock Functions – distributed across PU and SC chips

• Master Time-of-Day (TOD) function is on the SC

zEC12 Multi-Chip Module (MCM) Packaging

• Up to Six active cores per chip

– 5.5 GHz– L1 cache/ core

• 64 KB I-cache• 96 KB D-cache

– L2 cache/ core

–1M+1M Byte hybrid split private L2 cache

• Dedicated Co-processors per core

– Crypto & compression accelerators

– Includes 16KB cache

• On chip 48 MB eDRAM L3 Cache

– Shared by all six cores

• Interface to SC chip / L4 cache

– 44 GB/sec to each of 2 SCs (5.5 GHz)

• I/O Bus Controller (GX)

– Interface to Host Channel Adapter (HCA)

• Memory Controller (MC)

– Interface to controller on memory DIMMs

– Supports RAIM design

• Chip Area– 597 mm2

– 23.7mm x 25.2mm– 10000+ Power pins– 1071 signal I/Os

• 13S 32nm SOI Technology

– 15 layers of metal– 7.68 km wire

• 2.75 Billion Transistors

L3C

0

L3C

1

GXMC

U

Core0

Core1

Core2

Core3

Core4

Core5

zEC12 Hexa Core PU Chip Details

Cores Can be Configured for Different Needs

Arquitetura – Processadores Especializados

Sistema Operacionale Aplicação – Total de 120 Pus

(Cores) sendo até 101processadores configuráveis

Sistema Operacionale Aplicação – Total de 120 Pus

(Cores) sendo até 101processadores configuráveis

Processadores Especializados

CP (IBM System z Central Processor) – zOS, zTPF e zVSE. zAAP (IBM System z Application Assist Processor) – Java. zIIP (IBM System z Integrated Information Processor) – XML e DB2 Calls

IFL (IBM System z Integrated Facility for Linux) - Linux

até +2 processadores “Spare”

até 16 SAPs - System Assist Processors

Placas de I/O (FICON/FCP) ou OSA

Até 320 Processadores RISC

. Enviar/Receber requisições de I/O (Discos e Fitas)

I/OI/O

Processadores RISC/Power

. FICON – z/OS, zVSE e zVM / Linux

. FCP – zVM e Linux

até 16 CPU’s para Criptografia

- alta escalabilidade para transações SSL

É um “Datacenter in a Box”

System z tem muitos processadores, porém cada um executa o seu papel.

Integrated Firmware Processor

Microprocessador

Arquitetura – Demais plataformas de hardware

Comparar esse design com servidores RISC / Unix ou x86

Todas as funções de um computador

emuladas por software

I/O DeviceDrivers Criptografia, etc

Código de Aplicação

OS e Gerenciamentode Recurso

* Monotarefa eMonousuário

* Licenciamento de Software

Strategies to Increase Performance and Throughput

FasterComponents

AvoidWaiting

EliminateWork

IncreaseParallelism

Innovative Cache Architecture Avoids Waiting on Memory

IBM EC12 Multi-Chip Module

> 10 MB / threadon-chip cache

Cache asinterconnect

High taskswitching rate

Low latency to shared data

Cache and chips on MCM

384 MB Shared Cache

New Instructions Reduce Software Path Length

MachineNumber of New Instructions Benefit

EC12 23 Transactional memory, JAVA

z196 110+ CPU Intensive workloads

z10 50+ Efficiency of compiled code

z9 54 Decimal floating point

Exploited by IBM compilers and middleware

Reduce Software Path Length• On-chip encryption and compression accelerators

• Direct hardware virtualization

• z/OS shared everything design

Amdahl’s Law: Serialization Limits Parallelism

Amdahl’s LawAmdahl’s Law

N

1

(1 - P) +P

Increased =Throughput

P = Proportion of a program that can be made parallel

N = Number of threads

With an infinite number of threads and 90% parallel code, there

can only be a 10X increase in throughput

O projeto do servidor zEC12 foi criado para suportar workload compartilhados melhor do que servidores x86• 101 processadores configuráveis dentro do mesmo servidor• Mais cache por core, dentro do chip• Cache de nível L4 compartilhado por todos os processadores (entre

books)• Tempo uniforme de acesso à memória

Benchmark – MATERA SystemsParceria entre IBM e MATERA apresenta número inédito de transações bancárias - See more at: http://www.matera.com/br/2014/06/02/parceria-entre-ibm-e-matera-apresenta-numero-inedito-de-transacoes-bancarias/#sthash.yVGr5J3V.dpuf

Fato estatístico: maior servidor, MUITO maior consolidação

Apresentaçao realizada na SHAREhttps://share.confex.com/share/121/webprogram/Session13557.html

Agenda



System z I/O Subsystem

LPAR 1 LPAR 2

I/O SubsystemSAPSAPSAPSAP

FICONSwitch

FICONSwitch

CUCU CUCU CUCU

System Assist Processor•Manages path selection•Filter intermediate interrupts•I/O Priority•Dynamic path reconnect•Error handling

Channels•Manages physical links•Direct memory transfer•Error handling

Control Units•Manages interfaces•Cache•Abstracts devices•Dynamic path reconnect•Error handling

Ethernet

System z I/O Subsystem

• I/O prioritization

• Off-load I/O cycles

• Lower software costs

• Increase sharing

• Simplify DR

LPAR 1 LPAR 2


FICONSwitch

FICONSwitch

CUCU CUCU CUCU

Ethernet

System z Channel Types• Disk

• FICON: Fibre Connection• Fibre Channel: Linux Workloads

• Ethernet• Open Systems Adapter

• Clustering links• Short and long distance

• Logical• HiperSockets• Clustering links

LPAR 1 LPAR 2


FICONSwitch

FICONSwitch

CUCU CUCU CUCU

Ethernet

System z Channel Types – Disk – FICON card2 Gbps, 4 Gbps or 8 Gbps

Open Systems Adapter• Improves reliability

• Grade 1 component • Isolates device driver

• Improves performance• Filters interrupts• Allows direct I/O virtualization• Direct communication between

LPARs

OSA Card

Ethernet

Device Driver

z/OSLinux

Open Systems AdapterOSA-Express5S – same base card for 1000BASE-T, GbE and 10 GbE, use different types of SFPs.

Agenda



RAIM recovers from DRAM, socket, bus or DIMM failures

• Issues with larger memory• Increases in density• Cosmic rays

• Improves availability

• No performance penalty

Resumo – The Future Runs on System z• Mais de 50 anos de proteção de investimento• Executa workloads modernos e workloads legados• RAS (reliability, availability, and serviceability)• MTBF medido em décadas• 99,999% de disponibilidade (z/OS clusterizado)• Taxa de utilização próximo de 100%• Pagamento de software por utilização

Clientes IBM Mainframehttp://www.ibm.com/mainframe50/enginesofprogress/

Alguns clientes IBM Mainframe no Brasilhttp://www.ibm.com/mainframe50/enginesofprogress/ • Banrisul• Procempa - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wmhERQJg__A

• Algar Telecom• Sicoob• Embasa - http://www-03.ibm.com/software/businesscasestudies/us/en/corp?synkey=G669959W92944J86

• Eletrobrás Termonuclear SA (Eletronuclear) – • http://www-03.ibm.com/software/businesscasestudies/us/en/corp?synkey=P894862Z52704C57

Anderson Bassani

IBM Field Technical Sales Specialist

Av Tutóia 1157São Paulo, Brasil55 11 2132-282655 11 9-7159-5102

[email protected]

Obrigado. Perguntas?


Outros tópicos

Agenda



• Virtualização• Sistemas Operacionais, Linguagens de Programação

System z Hardware Virtualization

Logical Partition

MainframeOperatingSystems

Logical Partition

z/VM

Logical Partition

Processor Resource / System Manager

• Dedicated memory• Designed for larger LPARs• EAL5 security rating

• Part of System z since 1988• Direct hardware virtualization• 1 to 60 LPARs

CouplingFacility

z/VM and Linux Virtualization

• Share memory• z/VM under z/VM• FICON or FC disk

• Research project CP-40 (1966)• 1 to 1000s of guests / VMs• Can have multiple z/VM LPARs

z/VM

System z Logical Partition

Linux z/VM

z/VM

System z Logical Partition

Linux Linux Linux

Sistemas Operacionais, Linguagens de Programação e Produtos

System zSystem z zBXzBX

System z− Assembler (/370 e VTAM)− Cobol (ANS, CICS e IMS)− PL/I− C e C++− CLIST− RPG− REXX− CMS− EASYTRIEVE− RPF (Roscoe)− Natural− Shell script− Perl− Java

Power AIX− Rational Developer for Power

Systems− Rational PurifyPlus for AIX− XL C/C++ for AIX− XL C for AIX− Cobol for AIX− XL Fortran for AIX− PL/I for AIX

x86 Windows− Linguagens suportadas na versão*

x86 Linux− PHP− Perl− Ruby− Python− C/C++− Microfocus Cobol− Erlang− Java / Java Script

IBM System zEnterpriseIBM System zEnterprise

IBM Software− Information Management− Lotus software− Rational software− Tivoli software− WebSphere software

Non IBM Software− BMC− CA− Consist− EMC− SAP Oracle Red Hat SuSE


Outras Referências Bibliográficas

IBM System z Redbookshttp://www.redbooks.ibm.com/portals/systemz

IBM Journal of Research and DevelopmentIssue 1.2 • Date Jan.-Feb. 2012IBM zEnterprise Systems and Technology• http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/

tocresult.jsp?isnumber=6136228&punumber=5288520

Cursos Online – sem custo

• Introduction to Enterprise Computing• https://mooc.marist.edu/web/ecc

Cursos Online – sem custo

• Interskill• http://www.interskill.com/demos.html

SHARE – www.share.org

• Who We Are• SHARE Inc. is an independent, volunteer run association providing

enterprise technology professionals with continuous education and training, valuable professional networking and effective industry influence.

• Our Mission• SHARE is an independent volunteer-run information technology

association that provides education, professional networking and industry influence.

Hot Chips – www.hotchips.org

Hot Chips: A Symposium on High Performance ChipsSponsored by the IEEE Technical Committee on Microprocessors and Microcomputers in Cooperation with ACM

Hot Chips – www.hotchips.org HC24-S9: Big IronInício do vídeo no minuto 58https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ipirVUart88

Link para apresentaçãohttp://www.hotchips.org/wp-content/uploads/hc_archives/hc24/HC24-9-Big-Iron/HC24.29.930-zNext-Shum-IBM.pdf

IBM zNext: the 3rd Generation High Frequency Microprocessor Chip, Kevin Shum, IBM

Top 500 – www.top500.org O projeto TOP500 é um ranking dos 500 supercomputadores mais poderosos do mundo.

O projeto iniciou-se em 1993 e publica uma lista atualizada a cada seis meses. A primeira atualização de cada ano é em junho, coincidindo com a International Supercomputer Conference, e a segunda em novembro na IEEE Supercomputer Conference.

Unisanta - Visão Geral de hardware Servidor IBM System z

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Transcript of Unisanta - Visão Geral de hardware Servidor IBM System z