ICEDIS Meeting at UKSG 16th April 2014

Phil Nicolson

The supply chain (simple version)

Consortium

AuthorSubmission

and Peer Review System

Publisher

Online Host or

Technology Partner

Subscription Agent or

Sales Agent

Fulfilment House or System

Library

Discovery Service

End User

Data Providers and

Systems (multiple)

Consortium

Societies

FundersCitation

Why now?Number of journals increasing by 3.5% per annum*Number of articles increasing by 3% per annum, current output is

1.8-1.9 million per year*Number of researchers increasing by 3% per annum*Now stand at between 6 and 9 million (depending on definition)*Increased demand for anytime/anywhere accessGrowth in use of online systems for discovering and distributing

content has increased the need for unambiguous identification of people and parties exchanging that content

* Ware, M and Mabe, M, The STM Report, 2012

Unique IdentifiersWhat are they? How can they help? Numeric or alpha-numeric designations which are associated with a single entityEntities can be an institution, person, or piece of contentEnable the disambiguation of each entityProper understanding of the customer, author, reader or institutionProper identification of content object, article, product, or packageCan be used internally or in conjunction with external partners

What are Institutional Identifiers for?Disambiguating: UCL:

University College London (UK) Université Catholique de Louvain

(Belgium) Universidad Cristiana

Latinoamericana (Ecuador) University College Lillebælt

(Denmark) Centro Universitario Celso Lisboa

(Brazil) Union County Library (USA)

University of Oxford Univ. Oxford Oxford University Library, Oxford Univ. Radcliffe Science Library Bodleian Library Bodleian, Oxford Oxford, University of

Consolidating:

What are Individual Identifiers for?Disambiguating:

Wang Li Smith Jones

John J Smith J.J. Smith Smith, J Smith, John J

Consolidating:

Simplifies challenges associated with name changesSimplifies challenges associated with career progression

Institutional Identifiers – which ones?JISC and CASRAI (Consortia Advancing Standards in Research

Administration Information) report on Organisation IDs: http://repository.jisc.ac.uk/5381/1/CC549D001-1.0_org_ID_landscape_study.pdf

Examined the landscape of organisational identifiers in the UK and identified 23 different IDs

Based on interviews with key individualsLots of detail on use cases for publishing, funders, and

institutions

CASRAI reportDisambiguating organisational information from multiple

sources typically described as “a nightmare”Benefits from effective unique identifiers are truly realised

when data is sharedKey aspects of identifiers that support the widest range of

uses:GovernanceTrustTransparencyTemporalAppropriate metadata

Identifiers identifiedIdentifier Co

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Mai

nly

used

for

linki

ng

Regu

late

d

Cura

ted

Hist

oric

HEIs

Com

pani

es

Fund

ers

Publ

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Name Global ● ● ● ●Dun & Bradstreet Global ● ● ● ● ● ●FundRef Global ● ●ISNI Global ● ● ● ● ● ●ORCID GlobalRinggold's Identify Global ● ● ● ● ● ●MACE & UK Federation Global ● ● ● ● ●VIAF Global ● ●Research Analytics Global ● ● ● ●Companies House UK ● ● ● ● ● ● ●Gateway to Research UK ● ● ● ● ●Government bodies UK ● ●HESA UK ● ● ●IDBR UK ● ● ● ● ● ● ●Janet UK ● ● ●Je-S/CDR OrgID UK ● ●Research Fish UK ● ● ● ●RCUK UK ● ●ROS UK ● ● ●UCAS UK ● ●UKPRN UK ● ● ● ●HEFCE England ● ● ●PIC EU ● ● ● ● ●

Please note that ORCID had not released the institutional affiliation at the point at which this report was published.

ISNIORCIDRinggold ID

ISNIInternational Standard Name IdentifierISO 27729Key Statistics

ISNI holds public records of over7.49 million identities, including:7 million individuals (of which 800,000 are researchers)490,000 organisations

The ISNI database is a cross-domain resource, contributed to by 29 institutions and databases, and 40 major national and research libraries

http://www.isni.org/

ISNI“The mission of the ISNI International Authority (ISNI-IA) is to

assign to the public name(s) of a researcher, inventor, writer, artist, performer, publisher, etc. a persistent unique identifying number in order to resolve the problem of name ambiguity in search and discovery; and diffuse each assigned ISNI across all repertoires in the global supply chain so that every published work can be unambiguously attributed to its creator wherever that work is described”

Example: 0000 0004 1936 8948

ISNIISNI Number ISNI Number

Party ID 2Party ID 1

Proprietary Information and/or

Metadata

Proprietary Information and/or

Metadata

“ISNI will act as a bridge identifier across multiple domains and become a critical component in Linked Data and Semantic Web applications”

ISNI

ORCIDORCID is designed to persistently identify and disambiguate

scholarly researchers and attach them to research output.ORCID identifiers utilize a format compliant with the ISNI ISO

standard. ISNI has reserved a block of identifiers for use by ORCID, so

there will be no overlaps in assignments.Recorded as http://orcid.org/0000-0001-2345-6789

http://about.orcid.org/ http://www.isni.org/

ORCIDKey Statistics

Live ORCID IDs: 643,043ORCID IDs with at least one work: 132,705

ORCID provides two core functions:a registry to obtain a unique identifier and manage a record of

activities.APIs that support system-to-system communication and

authentication.

ORCID

Ringgold IDs375,000 Institutional records

HierarchicalRich metadata

Working closely with the ISNI Technical CommitteeRinggold data considered base data for institutional

recordsRinggold will be providing ISNIs within our dataRinggold is an ISNI Registration AgencyWorking closely with ORCID

Ringgold IDs

Diffusion

Consortium

AuthorSubmission

and Peer Review System

Publisher

Online Host or

Technology Partner

Subscription Agent or

Sales Agent

Fulfilment House or System

Library

Discovery Service

End User

Data Providers and

Systems (multiple)

Consortium

Societies

FundersCitation

DiffusionORCIDs appearing in publicationsRinggold to supply ISNI IDsORCID using ISNIs to identify institutional affiliationsProquest’s Scholar Universe is ingesting ISNIs into it’s databaseMacMillan is using ISNIs within their Digital Science serviceBowker has ingested 2 million ISNIs into Books in PrintBritish Library Ethos database allowing researchers to import data

into their ORCID record and will be able to attach ORCIDs to their thesis in Ethos

CISAC running their royalty system based on ISNIsWikipedia is ingesting ISNIs

Phil NicolsonData ManagerRinggoldPhil.nicolson@ringgold.com