UNFCCC Negotiations Status

after

Panama Climate Change Talks

Gabriela Fischerova

Climate Change Policy Advisor, UNDP Bratislava Regional Centre

United Nations Development Programme

Panama Talks – What was discussed

2nd commitment period, Annex I Parties commitments (numbers),LULUCF, Mechanisms, Methodological issues, Response measures

Shared vision, mitigation by developed countries, NAMAs by developing countries, REDD+, Sectoral approaches, Markets and non-market approaches, Response measures, Adaptation, Finance, Technology, Capacity building, Review of the long-term global goal, Legal options for the agreed outcome, Other matters—economies in transition and countries and Turkey

Ad hoc Working Group on Further Commitments of Annex I Parties – AWG KP

Ad hoc Working Group on Long-Term Cooperative Action – AWG LCA

2nd Commitment Period (AWG KP)

• No significant progress• Canada, Japan, Russia – reiterated that they will not commit to the 2nd CP • Denmark – increased its pledge reduction pledge to 40%• To be decided in Durban:

Numbers – how much, how to express the objectives, base year or base period

Legal text – amendments to the KP (commitments, mechanisms, new mechanisms, entry into force…)

Length of the 2nd CP – five or seven years

Shared vision (AWG LCA)

• Very bulky text of non-paper (all submissions by Parties)• Many other issues included: issues related to trade (non

introduction of tariffs for climate change purposes on developing countries); response measures; intellectual property rights; human rights; rights of Mother Earth; right to survive; an international climate court of justice; warfare (stopping wars and diversion of military to combating climate change

• Main issues:

Goal for peaking of the global emissions (time and level): proposals are 30, 40, 45, 50% by 2020 compared to 1990; 40, 50% by 2017; peaking years: 2013, 2015, and 2017

Global goal for emissions in 2050 (2°C): 80, 95%; 100% by 2040

Mitigation by developed countries (AWG LCA)

• Specific figures not discussed (waiting for AWG KP to decide)• US (not being KP party) and with Canada, Japan and Russia very

likely not being committed by 2nd CP under the KP – problems with agreeing on equal level of efforts among all Annex I Parties

• Some progress on reporting and review:

International assessment and review: objectives, scope, frequency, inputs, processes, outputs

Biennial reports: objectives, GHG trends including (or not) assumptions scope, rules and methods used for baselines, progress in achieving commitments, etc.

NAMAs by developing countries (AWG LCA)

• Issues discussed: deviation in emissions compared to BAU, support needed for NAMAs, diversity of mitigation actions, biennial reports by DCs, ICA… No draft decision texts.

Deviation from BAU: DCs consider their reduction ambition satisfactory, no need for regular update of information on NAMAs

Biennial reports: no disagreement on their need, capacity building in DCs is required.

Support needed for NAMAs: decision on financing to support for preparation and implementation of NAMAs, incl. national institutional arrangements level

International consultations and analysis (ICA): timing and frequency; scope; content of analysis; output; format for international consultations.

Register: how to do matching NAMAs with support, format of NAMAs. SBI to further elaborate the features of the registry.

REDD+ (AWG LCA)

• Lot of convergence, discussion focused on finance. Decision still to be drafted – most of the work under the SBSTA, links to the GCF Transitional Committee work

Sources of finance for REDD+: public, private, multilateral, incl. special window under the GCF, bilateral, market, non-market, combination, new

What should be financed and when, safeguards, forest emissions reference levels, forest reference levels, MRV

Sectoral approaches (AWG LCA)

• Agriculture and International aviation and maritime transports (bunkers) as sectors, many options for the text, not a lot of convergence (9 options)

Agriculture: market mechanisms should or should not be applied; possible discrimination or restriction of the intl. trade; unilateral measures (phytosanitary, technical…); food security; economic development and poverty eradication

Bunkers: role of IMO and ICAO, guidance to IMO and ICAO (2°C, 10% or 20% reduction target for bunkers…); prevention of unilateral action (such as EU ETS),

Adaptation (AWG LCA)

• Progress on Adaptation Committee – mandate and reporting, ToR, decision-making process,

Composition of AC: how many members, from which constituencies, advisory members?

How to work: frequency of the meetings, mode of work: subcommittees, or experts from NWP, linkages to other work…

Review of the AC: when – after 4 years and then periodically every three years, or only after four years

Activities of the AC for the first year: procedural and substantive, for adpotion by COP18

Finance (AWG LCA)

• Progress on Standing Committee, waiting for final meeting of Transitional Committee on GCF. No discussion on pledges to fund

Composition of SC: how many members 16 or 24, from which constituencies, advisory members?

How to work: frequency of the meetings, mode of work: subcommittees, or experts from NWP, linkages to other work…

Activities of the SC for the first year: procedural and substantive, for adoption by COP18

Status: should the SC be a permanent subsidiary body or not, scope of work and responsibilities

Technology (AWG LCA)

• Climate Technology Centre and Network to be established by COP17• Draft decision discussed, procurement draft to be prepared by UNFCCC

Secretariat

Governance: Should CTCN have its own independent governance structure or will be govern by Technology Executive Committee

Selection procedure: timeline, who will do actual evaluation and selection – TEC or special panel of 6 experts

Other issues: Selection criteria; financing of the CTCN; reporting, roles and responsibilities; ToR,

Architecture: Only one seat or regional and country offices; relation to the network and governments, linkages to financial and adaptation mechanisms

Durban – before and after

• Before:• Parties to convene multilateral and bilateral informal consultations • Submissions on several texts by 21 October

• After:

Standing Committee approved and Green Climate Fund rules in place

Climate Technology Centre and Network agreed

Adaptation Committee established

2nd CP under KP adopted

Outline/roadmap for the new global agreement adopted

Capacity building framework agreed