Refugee Affected and Hosting Areas Programme (RAHA)

Empowering communities for inclusive and sustainable development through social mobilisation

Fostering Change

With funding by the European Union

Cop

yrig

ht ©

201

3U

nite

d N

atio

ns D

evel

opm

ent P

rogr

amm

e (U

ND

P)

Ref

ugee

Affe

cted

and

Hos

ting

Are

as P

rogr

amm

e (R

AH

A)

All

right

s re

serv

ed. N

o pa

rt o

f thi

s pu

blic

atio

n m

ay b

e re

prod

uced

or

stor

ed in

a r

etrie

val s

yste

m o

r tr

ansm

itted

in

any

form

or

by a

ny m

eans

– e

lect

roni

c, m

echa

nic,

pho

toco

pyin

g, r

ecor

ding

or

othe

rwis

e –

with

out p

rior

perm

issi

on o

f UN

DP

.

Edi

tor:

M

usta

fa N

azir

Ahm

ad (

Med

ia a

nd C

omm

unic

atio

n O

ffice

r, R

AH

A)

Tex

t:M

ahve

sh K

han

(Sen

ior

Pro

gram

me

Ass

ocia

te, R

AH

A)

Pho

tos:

H

uma

Akr

am/R

AH

A S

taff

Prin

ted

in S

epte

mbe

r 20

13 b

y P

rintM

atic

, Isl

amab

adC

over

and

Lay

out D

esig

n: P

rintM

atic

, Isl

amab

ad

UN

DP

is th

e U

N’s

glo

bal d

evel

opm

ent n

etw

ork,

adv

ocat

ing

for c

hang

e an

d co

nnec

ting

coun

trie

s th

roug

h kn

owle

dge,

ex

perie

nce

and

reso

urce

s to

hel

p pe

ople

bui

ld a

bet

ter

life.

We

are

on t

he g

roun

d in

166

cou

ntrie

s, w

orki

ng w

ith

peop

le o

n th

eir o

wn

solu

tions

to g

loba

l and

nat

iona

l dev

elop

men

t cha

lleng

es.

As

coun

trie

s de

velo

p lo

cal c

apac

ity, t

hey

draw

on

the

supp

ort o

f UN

DP

and

our

wid

e ra

nge

of p

artn

ers.

Wor

ld le

ader

s ha

ve p

ledg

ed to

ach

ieve

the

Mill

enni

um D

evel

opm

ent G

oals

, inc

ludi

ng th

e ov

erar

chin

g go

al o

f cut

ting

pove

rty

in h

alf

by 2

015.

UN

DP

’s n

etw

ork

links

and

coo

rdin

ates

glo

bal a

nd n

atio

nal e

ffort

s to

reac

h th

ese

Goa

ls. O

ur fo

cus

is h

elpi

ng

coun

trie

s bu

ild a

nd s

hare

sol

utio

ns to

the

chal

leng

es o

f:

D

emoc

ratic

Gov

erna

nce

P

over

ty R

educ

tion

C

risis

Pre

vent

ion

and

Rec

over

y

Ene

rgy

and

Env

ironm

ent

H

IV/A

IDS

UN

DP

hel

ps d

evel

opin

g co

untr

ies

attr

act a

nd u

se a

id e

ffect

ivel

y. In

all

our

activ

ities

, we

enco

urag

e th

e pr

otec

tion

of h

uman

rig

hts

and

the

empo

wer

men

t of w

omen

.

Pre

ambl

e

The

Ref

ugee

Affe

cted

and

Hos

ting

Are

as

com

pris

ing

mem

bers

of

at l

east

70%

of

the

Pro

gram

me

(RA

HA

) m

eans

hop

e fo

r th

e vi

llage

hou

seho

lds,

RA

HA

soc

ial

mob

ilisa

tion

men

, w

omen

and

chi

ldre

n w

ho a

re b

enef

ittin

g te

ams

enga

ge t

he c

omm

unity

mem

bers

in

an

from

its

va

rious

in

terv

entio

ns

sinc

e it

fully

an

alys

is o

f th

eir

situ

atio

n us

ing

tech

niqu

es a

nd

supp

orts

th

em

in

real

isin

g th

eir

max

imum

to

ols

such

as

in

clud

ing

pair-

wis

e ra

nkin

g,

po

ten

tia

l th

rou

gh

a

n

ex

clu

siv

e

so

cia

l pa

rtic

ipat

ory

rura

l app

rais

al, r

esou

rce

cons

trai

nt

mob

ilisa

tion

met

hodo

logy

.an

alys

is a

nd n

eeds

-ass

essm

ent e

xerc

ise.

The

pro

gram

me,

bas

ed o

n a

part

icip

ator

y an

d A

long

side

, R

AH

A

orga

nise

s tr

aini

ng

even

ts,

botto

m-u

p ap

proa

ch,

follo

ws

a th

ree-

tier

soci

al

such

as

Com

mun

ity M

anag

emen

t Ski

lls T

rain

ing

mo

bili

sati

on

m

eth

od

olo

gy,

st

art

ing

w

ith

an

d Le

ader

ship

Man

agem

ent S

kills

Tra

inin

g fo

r co

mm

unity

org

anis

atio

ns t

hat

late

r cl

uste

r in

to

mem

bers

and

offi

ce-b

eare

rs o

f th

e co

mm

unity

vi

llage

org

anis

atio

ns a

nd,

final

ly,

loca

l su

ppor

t o

rga

nis

ati

on

s to

b

uild

th

eir

ca

pa

city

to

or

gani

satio

ns to

ass

ume

a la

rge

deve

lopm

enta

l im

plem

ent

and

mon

itor

smal

l an

d m

ediu

m

role

in th

eir r

espe

ctiv

e ar

eas.

com

mun

ity p

hysi

cal i

nfra

stru

ctur

e pr

ojec

ts.

RA

HA

ac

tiviti

es

star

t w

ith

the

prog

ram

me'

s U

ntil

Aug

ust

2013

, m

ore

than

2,0

00 a

nd 6

00

soci

al

mob

ilisa

tion

team

s vi

sitin

g di

ffere

nt

mem

bers

and

offi

ce-b

eare

rs o

f th

e co

mm

unity

vi

llage

s in

th

e ta

rget

un

ion

coun

cils

. T

hese

or

gani

satio

ns h

ave

been

im

part

ed C

omm

unity

te

ams

inte

ract

with

the

loc

al c

omm

uniti

es t

o M

anag

emen

t S

kills

T

rain

ing

and

Lead

ersh

ip

appr

ise

them

of

th

e be

nefit

s of

fo

rmin

g M

anag

emen

t S

kills

Tra

inin

g, r

espe

ctiv

ely,

and

co

mm

unity

org

anis

atio

ns f

or p

ossi

ble

solu

tions

th

ey a

re n

ow s

ervi

ng th

eir c

omm

uniti

es.

to t

heir

prob

lem

s. D

ue t

o th

e tir

eles

s ef

fort

s of

B

ased

on

the

need

s pr

iorit

isat

ion

done

by

the

thes

e te

ams,

unt

il A

ugus

t 201

3, m

ore

than

2,0

00

com

mu

nit

ies,

R

AH

A

faci

lita

tes

the

m

in

com

mun

ity o

rgan

isat

ions

with

abo

ut 3

00,0

00

deve

lopi

ng a

nd im

plem

entin

g sm

all a

nd m

ediu

m

dire

ct b

enef

icia

ries

have

bee

n fo

rmed

und

er th

e co

mm

unity

phy

sica

l in

fras

truc

ture

pro

ject

s to

pr

ogra

mm

e.ca

ter

to th

e m

ost u

rgen

t nee

d of

thei

r ar

ea. F

or

bigg

er

proj

ects

, tw

o or

m

ore

com

mun

ity

Afte

r th

e fo

rmat

ion

or r

ejuv

enat

ion

of s

epar

ate

orga

nisa

tions

of a

vill

age

join

han

ds.

men

's a

nd w

omen

's c

omm

unity

org

anis

atio

ns

The

mem

bers

of w

omen

's c

omm

unity

org

anis

atio

n 'S

ham

a Ta

nzee

m' r

aise

thei

r ha

nds

to s

how

thei

r su

ppor

t for

a d

ecis

ion

(Vill

age

Pad

hana

, Uni

on C

ounc

il D

heen

da, D

istr

ict H

arip

ur).

Thi

s do

cum

ent h

as b

een

prod

uced

with

the

finan

cial

ass

ista

nce

of th

e E

urop

ean Union

. The

vie

ws

expr

esse

d he

rein

can

in n

o w

ay b

e ta

ken

to re

flect

the

offic

ial o

pini

on o

f the

Eur

opea

n U

nion

.

03

Tha

ving

ap

prox

imat

ely

30

hous

ehol

ds

or

a he

Ref

ugee

Affe

cted

and

Hos

ting

Are

as

popu

latio

n of

abo

ut 2

00. T

his

inte

rven

tion

is b

uilt

Pro

gram

me

(RA

HA

) is

an

ar

ea-b

ased

up

to th

e le

vel o

f a v

illag

e, h

avin

g a

popu

latio

n of

in

terv

entio

n ai

med

at u

plift

of t

he a

reas

that

hav

e ab

out

10,0

00-2

0,00

0. T

hese

vill

ages

are

the

n be

en

affe

cted

by

th

e pr

esen

ce

of

Afg

han

orga

nise

d at

the

leve

l of a

uni

on c

ounc

il, h

avin

g re

fuge

es

over

th

e ye

ars.

A

n ‘a

rea-

base

d a

popu

latio

n of

abo

ut 5

0,00

0-10

0,00

0.ap

proa

ch’

focu

ses

on

smal

l, ho

mog

enou

s,

geog

raph

ical

ly c

ontig

uous

terr

itorie

s to

car

ry o

ut

deve

lopm

ent

inte

rven

tions

. T

he

size

an

d bo

rder

s of

the

se t

errit

orie

s do

not

hav

e to

be

form

ally

def

ined

and

can

cha

nge

over

tim

e. T

he

ad

van

tag

e

of

this

a

pp

roa

ch

is

tha

t th

e

inte

rven

tion

is ta

ilore

d to

loca

l con

ditio

ns, t

akin

g in

to a

ccou

nt a

nd,

ther

efor

e, a

ddre

ssin

g bo

th

loca

l str

engt

hs a

nd w

eakn

esse

s.

The

are

as w

here

the

ref

ugee

s st

ill r

esid

e ar

e kn

own

as '

Ref

ugee

Hos

ting

Are

as';

whi

le t

he

ones

fro

m w

here

the

maj

ority

of

refu

gees

hav

e le

ft or

rep

atria

ted

back

to A

fgha

nist

an, b

ut th

eir

pres

sure

on

re

sour

ces

is

still

be

ing

felt,

as

'R

efug

ee A

ffect

ed A

reas

'. R

AH

A w

orks

in b

oth

refu

gee

host

ing

and

refu

gee

affe

cted

are

as.

RA

HA

's a

rea

of in

terv

entio

n is

pre

-def

ined

and

it

The

effe

cts

of th

e pr

esen

ce o

f Afg

han

refu

gees

in

terv

enes

in

spec

ific

refu

gee

affe

cted

and

/or

in a

n ar

ea a

re o

bvio

us:

reso

urce

s co

me

unde

r ho

stin

g un

ion

coun

cils

. H

owev

er,

thes

e m

ay

pres

sure

as

they

are

mad

e to

sus

tain

a m

uch

chan

ge w

ith c

ircum

stan

ces;

for

exam

ple,

whe

n gr

eate

r po

pula

tion

than

or

igin

ally

in

tend

ed.

refu

gees

, in

clud

ing

IDP

s, m

ove

to a

diff

eren

t T

hese

effe

cts

rang

e fr

om b

urde

n on

hea

lth,

unio

n co

unci

l. ed

ucat

ion,

w

ater

an

d sa

nita

tion

serv

ices

to

ph

ysic

al in

fras

truc

ture

of t

he a

rea

and

even

the

With

in t

hese

are

as,

RA

HA

has

a p

re-d

efin

ed

surr

ound

ing

envi

ronm

ent.

me

tho

do

log

y fo

r in

terv

en

tion

. T

he

b

asi

c pr

emis

e be

hind

thi

s m

etho

dolo

gy i

s th

at o

nly

The

pre

ssur

e on

reso

urce

s is

not

rest

ricte

d on

ly

high

ly

capa

cita

ted

com

mun

ities

ca

n de

velo

p to

th

e

are

as

ho

stin

g

the

re

fug

ee

s;

the

an

d su

stai

n th

e ar

ea t

hey

resi

de in

. T

here

fore

, su

rrou

ndin

g ar

eas

are

ofte

n af

fect

ed to

o, a

s th

e R

AH

A's

w

ho

le

inte

rve

ntio

n

is

ba

sed

o

n

host

ing

area

s ei

ther

div

ert m

ore

reso

urce

s fr

om

orga

nisa

tion

and

capa

city

bu

ildin

g of

lo

cal

ther

e or

as

loca

l po

pula

tions

mov

e th

ere

in

com

mun

ities

.se

arch

of

w

ork.

T

he

effe

cts

of

incr

ease

d po

llutio

n, r

educ

ed w

ater

sup

ply,

def

ores

tatio

n T

wo

fa

cto

rs

are

e

xtre

me

ly

imp

ort

an

t to

an

d ev

en g

reat

er c

rimin

al a

ctiv

ity a

re a

lso

felt

by

unde

rsta

ndin

g R

AH

A's

str

engt

h as

a h

olis

tic

the

surr

ound

ing

area

s.pr

ogra

mm

e: 1

) it

atte

mpt

s to

dev

elop

the

who

le

area

th

at

has

been

ad

vers

ely

affe

cted

by

R

AH

A,

adop

ting

a bo

ttom

-up

appr

oach

, ta

kes

refu

gees

; and

2) i

t use

s ar

ea-b

ased

app

roac

h to

th

e un

ion

coun

cil

as

its

over

all

area

of

tr

ain

the

loca

l com

mun

ities

for

dev

elop

ing

and

inte

rven

tion.

T

he

prog

ram

me'

s fir

st

area

of

su

stai

ning

thei

r sur

roun

ding

are

as.

inte

rven

tion

is a

t the

leve

l of a

moh

alla

h or

str

eet,

02

The

co

mm

uniti

es

them

selv

es

mon

itor

thes

e h

ave

d

eve

lop

ed

th

eir

re

spe

ctiv

e

villa

ge

pr

ojec

ts t

hrou

gh p

roje

ct a

nd a

udit

com

mitt

ees

deve

lopm

ent p

lans

.co

mpo

sed

of m

embe

rs f

rom

with

in t

hem

. T

he

The

fo

rmat

ion

of

the

first

lo

cal

supp

ort

dir

ect

im

ple

me

nta

tio

n

an

d

pa

rtic

ipa

tory

or

gani

satio

n un

der

RA

HA

, th

e la

st t

ier

of t

he

mon

itorin

g m

akes

the

pro

ject

s co

st-e

ffect

ive,

pr

ogra

mm

e’s

soc

ial m

obili

satio

n m

etho

dolo

gy

whi

le

the

mon

itori

ng

by

gove

rnm

ent

line

cate

ring

to

the

who

le

unio

n co

unci

l an

d de

part

men

ts a

nd R

AH

A f

ield

eng

inee

rs t

akes

co

mp

risi

ng

a

t le

ast

7

0%

o

f th

e

villa

ge

ca

re o

f any

tech

nica

l hur

dles

. or

gani

satio

ns th

ere,

is o

n th

e ca

rds.

At

the

next

leve

l, th

e co

mm

unity

org

anis

atio

ns

Fost

erin

g C

hang

e: E

mpo

wer

ing

com

mun

ities

cl

uste

r in

to v

illag

e or

gani

satio

ns t

hat

prep

are

for

incl

usiv

e an

d su

stai

nabl

e ch

ange

, th

e vi

llage

dev

elop

men

t pl

ans

and

exec

ute

larg

e do

cum

ent i

n yo

ur h

ands

, is

a hu

mbl

e at

tem

pt to

co

mm

unity

phy

sica

l in

fras

truc

ture

pro

ject

s. A

ca

ptur

e th

e es

senc

e of

RA

HA

's e

xclu

sive

soc

ial

villa

ge o

rgan

isat

ion

com

pris

es a

t le

ast

70%

of

mob

ilisa

tion

met

hodo

logy

; to

do

cum

ent

how

th

e co

mm

unity

org

anis

atio

ns in

the

villa

ge. U

ntil

succ

essf

ul th

e ap

proa

ch h

as b

een

in p

rom

otin

g A

ugus

t 20

13,

abou

t 75

vill

age

orga

nisa

tions

th

e pr

ogra

mm

e's

core

val

ues.

have

bee

n fo

rmed

and

the

vast

maj

ority

of t

hem

Intr

oduc

tion

Ref

ugee

Affe

cted

and

Hos

ting

Are

as P

rogr

amm

e (R

AH

A)

“I th

ank

Alla

h fo

r br

ingi

ng R

AH

A to

us.

It h

elpe

d us

dur

ing

the

wor

st ti

mes

of o

ur li

ves,

” sa

ys 7

5-ye

ar o

ld S

yed

Mar

jan,

an

activ

e m

embe

r of

wom

en's

com

mun

ity o

rgan

isat

ion

'Ros

han

Kal

' (U

nion

Cou

ncil

Mer

a A

kora

Kha

ttak

, Dis

tric

t Now

sher

a).

The

part

icip

ants

of t

he L

eade

rshi

p M

anag

emen

t Ski

lls T

rain

ing

wor

ksho

p le

arn

new

con

cept

s (U

nion

Cou

ncil

Ziar

at B

alan

osh,

Dis

tric

t Cha

gai).

05

Soc

ial M

obili

satio

n:A

n O

utlin

e

RA

HA

fo

llo

ws

th

e

sta

nd

ard

s

oc

ial

villa

ge o

rgan

isat

ion

is t

o m

eet

the

prio

ritis

ed

mob

ilisa

tion

met

hodo

logy

bei

ng c

urre

ntly

ne

eds

of

the

who

le

villa

ge.

To

guid

e th

is

used

by

vario

us s

ocia

l dev

elop

men

t act

ors.

Thi

s in

terv

entio

n,

a 'v

illag

e de

velo

pmen

t pl

an'

is

thre

e-tie

r met

hodo

logy

beg

ins

with

the

form

atio

n pr

epar

ed a

nd im

plem

ente

d.

of

com

mun

ity

orga

nisa

tions

th

at

cons

olid

ate

hous

ehol

ds in

to a

n or

gani

satio

n. A

n at

tem

pt is

A

vill

age

deve

lopm

ent

plan

is

prep

ared

by

the

mad

e to

or

gani

se

70%

of

th

e ho

useh

olds

vi

llag

e

org

an

isa

tio

n

du

rin

g

the

vi

llag

e

mak

ing

up a

nei

ghbo

urho

od i

nto

a co

mm

unity

de

velo

pmen

t pl

anni

ng

sess

ion.

A

si

tuat

ion

orga

nisa

tion.

Thi

s no

rmal

ly le

ads

to fo

rmat

ion

of

anal

ysis

is

co

nduc

ted

usin

g a

part

icip

ator

y a

com

mun

ity o

rgan

isat

ion

com

pris

ing

20 t

o 25

ap

proa

ch.

The

pa

rtic

ipan

ts

then

m

ake

a ho

useh

olds

, th

us m

ore

than

one

com

mun

ity

deci

sion

on

whe

re th

ey w

ould

like

the

villa

ge to

or

gani

satio

ns a

re fo

rmed

in a

targ

et v

illag

e.be

in

five

year

s' t

ime.

The

n, t

hey

deci

de t

he

inte

rven

tions

req

uire

d to

atta

in th

eir

targ

ets

and

Afte

r th

ese

com

mun

ity o

rgan

isat

ions

und

ergo

a

prio

ritis

e th

ese

inte

rven

tions

usi

ng a

sta

ndar

d ce

rtai

n le

vel

of

capa

city

bu

ildin

g,

they

ar

e to

ol, c

alle

d th

e 'p

air-

wis

e ra

nkin

g'.

cons

olid

ated

in

to

a vi

llage

or

gani

satio

n th

at

incl

udes

repr

esen

tativ

es fr

om e

ach

one

of th

em.

The

las

t tie

r in

the

RA

HA

soc

ial

mob

ilisa

tion

The

atte

mpt

is, o

nce

agai

n, to

cov

er 7

0% o

f the

st

rate

gy i

s th

at o

f lo

cal

supp

ort

orga

nisa

tion,

ho

useh

olds

in

the

villa

ge.

The

fun

ctio

n of

a

whi

ch c

over

s th

e w

hole

uni

on c

ounc

il an

d is

a

Ref

ugee

Affe

cted

and

Hos

ting

Are

as P

rogr

amm

e (R

AH

A)

Bas

ri J

an m

akes

a p

oint

dur

ing

a m

eetin

g he

ld to

rev

iew

pro

gres

s of

the

proj

ect (

Uni

on C

ounc

il M

era

Ako

ra K

hatt

ak, D

istr

ict N

owsh

era)

.

0706

cons

olid

atio

n of

all

the

villa

ge o

rgan

isat

ions

in

The

mos

t im

port

ant

func

tion

of a

loca

l sup

port

th

e ar

ea.

Rep

rese

ntat

ives

fr

om

each

vi

llage

or

gani

satio

n is

to

prov

ide

a m

uch

bigg

er a

nd

orga

nisa

tion

join

the

loca

l sup

port

org

anis

atio

n un

ited

plat

form

for

the

com

mun

ities

' int

erac

tion

and

this

ens

ures

that

70%

of t

he h

ouse

hold

s in

w

ith th

e go

vern

men

t and

don

ors.

The

y pl

an a

nd

the

unio

n co

unci

l are

cov

ered

. im

plem

ent

vario

us

proj

ect

inte

rven

tions

, fo

r w

hic

h

the

y o

bta

in

fun

ds

fro

m

bo

th

the

A

loca

l sup

port

org

anis

atio

n no

t onl

y fo

cuse

s on

go

vern

men

t and

don

ors.

a

muc

h la

rger

are

a th

an a

vill

age

orga

nisa

tion,

bu

t als

o un

ites

villa

ge o

rgan

isat

ions

in th

e ar

ea.

In

esse

nce,

th

e lo

cal

supp

ort

orga

nisa

tions

T

he l

ocal

sup

port

org

anis

atio

ns a

lso

build

the

be

have

as

in

depe

nden

t de

velo

pmen

t ac

tors

ca

paci

ty o

f the

vill

age

orga

nisa

tions

, by

dire

ctly

th

at a

re a

ble

to g

uide

and

nur

ture

oth

er,

less

co

nduc

ting

trai

ning

s or

invo

lvin

g th

em in

hig

her-

exp

eri

en

ced

o

rga

nis

atio

ns.

T

he

ir

big

ge

st

leve

l in

terv

entio

n pr

ojec

ts.

The

y as

sist

in

ad

vant

age

is

that

th

ey

rem

ain

loca

l ac

tors

, re

solv

ing

conf

licts

with

in t

hese

org

anis

atio

ns,

if en

surin

g th

at t

heir

inte

rven

tions

con

tinue

to

be

thes

e ar

ise,

and

enh

anci

ng t

heir

visi

on f

rom

a

info

rmed

by

loca

l ex

pert

ise

and

resp

onsi

ve t

o pa

roch

ial t

o a

muc

h m

ore

univ

ersa

l lev

el.

the

loca

l rea

litie

s.

Refu

gee

Affe

cted

and

Hos

ting

Area

s Pro

gram

me

(RAH

A)R

efug

ee A

ffect

ed a

nd H

ostin

g A

reas

Pro

gram

me

(RA

HA

)

The

de

scrip

tion

abov

e pr

ovid

es

the

bare

liv

es,

inha

bitin

g ne

ighb

ourin

g ar

eas

but

not

ba

ck

bo

ne

s

of

the

s

tan

da

rd

so

cia

l in

tera

ctin

g w

ith e

ach

othe

r.m

obili

satio

n m

etho

dolo

gy.

RA

HA

, ho

wev

er,

RA

HA

's m

etho

dolo

gy o

f cr

eatin

g a

com

mun

ity

uses

this

met

hodo

logy

for a

ver

y sp

ecifi

c re

ason

: o

rga

nis

ati

on

e

nsu

res

tha

t th

e

Afg

ha

n

to tr

ain

com

mun

ities

to r

esto

re a

nd m

aint

ain

the

hous

ehol

ds in

the

area

are

als

o in

clud

ed in

the

area

th

at

they

in

habi

t. D

ue

to

this

re

ason

, co

mm

un

ity

org

an

isa

tio

n.

Th

is

na

tura

lly

RA

HA

's i

mpl

emen

tatio

n of

the

met

hodo

logy

is

faci

litat

es d

ialo

gue

and

coop

erat

ion

betw

een

flexi

ble

and

high

ly re

spon

sive

to th

e si

tuat

ion

on

the

A

fgh

an

a

nd

P

aki

sta

ni

com

mu

niti

es.

th

e gr

ound

.C

onfli

cts

aris

ing

over

lan

d or

agr

icul

ture

are

R

AH

A, i

n es

senc

e, s

tart

s th

e so

cial

mob

ilisa

tion

easi

ly r

esol

ved

in t

his

set

up a

nd A

fgha

ns a

re

proc

ess

by

cond

uctin

g a

mee

ting

with

th

e va

lued

mem

bers

of t

hese

org

anis

atio

ns.

stak

ehol

ders

of

targ

et a

rea.

The

sta

keho

lder

s T

he o

nly

hurd

le fa

ced

by th

e A

fgha

ns is

that

the

incl

ude

gove

rnm

ent o

ffici

als

and

nota

bles

of t

he

Pak

ista

ni g

over

nmen

t do

es n

ot p

rovi

de t

hem

re

leva

nt

area

. R

AH

A

appr

ises

th

em

of

its

with

co

mpu

teris

ed

natio

nal

iden

tity

card

s m

anda

te

and

requ

ests

th

eir

assi

stan

ce

in

(CN

ICs)

. Thi

s m

eans

that

they

can

not b

ecom

e ac

cess

ing

the

loca

l po

pula

tion.

T

his

allo

ws

the

pres

iden

t or

man

ager

of

the

com

mun

ity

RA

HA

to

easi

ly a

cces

s th

e lo

cal

popu

latio

n,

org

an

isa

tio

n

be

cau

se

the

y ca

nn

ot

be

w

ithou

t cr

eatin

g un

nece

ssar

y su

spic

ions

or

si

gnat

orie

s fo

r ban

k ac

coun

ts.

rese

ntm

ents

. T

he r

isk

in t

he s

trat

egy,

how

ever

, is

und

ue in

fluen

ce b

y th

e no

tabl

es.

Onc

e th

e co

mm

unity

org

anis

atio

n is

for

med

, it

sele

cts

or e

lect

s a

pres

iden

t an

d a

man

ager

. R

AH

A t

hen

uses

thi

s in

trod

uctio

n to

arr

ange

a

The

se e

lect

ions

are

lim

ited

to t

he c

omm

unity

m

eetin

g w

ith

the

loca

l in

habi

tant

s w

here

it

mem

bers

who

hav

e C

NIC

s. A

ban

k ac

coun

t for

p

rovi

de

s th

em

w

ith

an

o

verv

iew

o

f th

e

the

com

mun

ity o

rgan

isat

ion

is o

pene

d in

the

pr

ogra

mm

e an

d en

cour

ages

the

m t

o jo

in i

ts

nam

e of

the

se o

ffice

-bea

rers

who

the

n ta

ke

effo

rts

by fo

rmin

g a

com

mun

ity o

rgan

isat

ion

as a

o

ver

the

re

spo

nsi

bili

ty

for

all

mo

ne

tary

fir

st

step

. T

his

mee

ting

is

term

ed

the

'firs

t tr

ansa

ctio

ns.

dial

ogue

'. A

t lea

st th

ree

dial

ogue

s ar

e co

nduc

ted

befo

re t

he c

omm

unity

org

anis

atio

n is

for

med

, M

embe

rs a

nd o

ffice

-bea

rers

of

the

com

mun

ity

base

d on

the

mem

bers

hip

of l

ocal

act

ors.

The

or

gani

satio

n ar

e im

part

ed

capa

city

bu

ildin

g pu

rpos

e of

thes

e di

alog

ues

is to

ens

ure

that

onl

y tr

ain

ing

s o

n

imp

ort

an

t to

pic

s su

ch

as

com

mit

ted

p

eo

ple

b

eco

me

p

art

o

f th

e

sust

ain

ab

le

de

velo

pm

en

t,

pa

rtic

ipa

tory

co

mm

unity

org

anis

atio

n.

de

velo

pm

en

t,

reco

rd

kee

pin

g,

lea

de

rsh

ip

The

are

as w

here

RA

HA

is in

terv

enin

g na

tura

lly

man

agem

ent,

peac

e an

d co

nflic

t re

solu

tion.

ha

ve A

fgha

n re

fuge

es in

resi

denc

e. T

he le

vel o

f T

hese

tra

inin

g ev

ents

equ

ip t

hem

to

deal

with

in

tegr

atio

n of

the

Afg

han

and

Pak

ista

ni s

ocie

ties

issu

es

of

peac

e bu

ildin

g an

d pa

rtic

ipat

ory

varie

s.

In

som

e pl

aces

, th

e A

fgha

ns

and

need

s as

sess

men

t. P

akis

tani

s liv

e as

nei

ghbo

urs

and

inte

ract

with

T

he c

omm

unity

org

anis

atio

n th

en id

entif

ies

the

one

anot

her,

eve

n m

arry

ing

into

eac

h ot

her's

po

ores

t in

habi

tant

s of

th

e ar

ea

usin

g lo

cal

com

mun

ities

. In

oth

er p

lace

s, t

hey

live

para

llel

RA

HA

Soc

ial M

obili

satio

nM

etho

dolo

gy

A v

illag

e de

velo

pmen

t pla

n pr

iori

tises

com

mun

ity n

eeds

for

the

next

five

yea

rs.

know

ledg

e an

d a

syst

em

of

clas

sific

atio

n th

em b

y pr

iorit

y an

d th

en d

ecid

e on

whi

ch n

eeds

cr

ea

ted

b

y th

e

com

mu

nit

y it

self

. T

he

to

add

ress

firs

t. T

he d

ecis

ion

of t

he n

eed

to b

e cl

assi

ficat

ion

syst

em

varie

s am

ong

diffe

rent

ad

dres

sed

is fo

rmal

ly p

ut fo

rth

in a

reso

lutio

n.co

mm

unity

org

anis

atio

ns, b

ut g

ener

ally

incl

udes

T

he

need

s pr

iorit

isat

ion

exer

cise

is

of

ten

indi

cato

rs s

uch

as h

ouse

hold

s w

here

the

mai

n ac

com

pani

ed

by

a co

rres

pond

ing

reso

urce

w

age

earn

er

is

unem

ploy

ed

or

a fe

mal

e,

iden

tific

atio

n ex

erci

se e

nabl

ing

the

com

mun

ity

ho

us

eh

old

s

wit

h

a

dis

ab

led

m

em

be

r,

to id

entif

y po

tent

ial w

ays

and

mea

ns to

add

ress

ho

useh

olds

with

out p

rope

rty

or a

sset

s, e

tc.

the

iden

tifie

d ne

ed. T

he 'p

air-

wis

e ra

nkin

g' to

ol is

T

his

m

eth

od

olo

gy

wa

s a

do

pte

d

wh

en

us

ed to

gui

de th

e ne

eds

iden

tific

atio

n ex

erci

se.

com

mun

ity

mem

bers

su

gges

ted

a gr

eate

r nu

mbe

r of

ben

efic

iarie

s th

an t

he o

nes

liste

d in

O

nce

agai

n, th

is to

ol is

dep

loye

d in

acc

orda

nce

the

Ben

azir

Inco

me

Sup

port

Pro

gram

me

(BIS

P)

with

the

situ

atio

n on

the

grou

nd. O

ften,

the

soci

al

rank

ing

of

the

poor

est

hous

ehol

ds.

Thi

s is

m

obili

satio

n te

ams

may

dec

ide

to s

impl

y ca

rry

prob

ably

ref

lect

ive

of n

atur

al d

isas

ters

and

a

out

a di

scus

sion

, lis

ting

the

vario

us

need

s sh

rinki

ng e

cono

my.

The

sys

tem

of

iden

tifyi

ng

iden

tifie

d an

d vo

ting

on t

he r

elev

ant

need

to

ever

y po

or

thro

ugh

pove

rty

card

ra

nkin

g –

iden

tify

the

high

est p

riorit

y.

adop

ted

by c

erta

in o

ther

org

anis

atio

ns –

was

S

ince

the

need

s id

entif

icat

ion

exer

cise

is o

nly

a ve

ry

diff

icul

t fo

r co

mm

unity

m

embe

rs

to

step

in

the

capa

city

bui

ldin

g of

the

com

mun

ity

unde

rsta

nd a

nd u

se, e

spec

ially

whe

n it

cam

e to

or

gani

satio

n, it

is im

port

ant

that

the

con

cept

of

wom

en's

co

mm

unity

or

gani

satio

ns,

mai

nly

join

t id

entif

icat

ion

and

deci

sion

of

need

s be

be

caus

e of

ver

y lo

w le

vels

of l

itera

cy.

abso

rbed

by

its m

embe

rs a

nd c

onfu

sion

tha

t N

ext,

the

com

mun

ity o

rgan

isat

ion

carr

ies

out

a m

ight

aris

e by

usi

ng a

dvan

ced

met

hodo

logi

es

need

s pr

iorit

isat

ion

exer

cise

. T

his

requ

ires

the

are

avoi

ded

by t

he s

ocia

l mob

ilisa

tion

team

s in

m

embe

rs

to

iden

tify

thei

r ne

eds,

ca

tego

rise

cert

ain

situ

atio

ns.

The

se e

xerc

ises

ens

ure

that

0908

Ref

ugee

Affe

cted

and

Hos

ting

Are

as P

rogr

amm

e (R

AH

A)

A R

AH

A s

ocia

l org

anis

er h

elps

the

mem

bers

of n

ewly

-for

med

men

's c

omm

unity

org

anis

atio

n 'In

saf'

to c

ondu

ct c

onst

rain

t ana

lysi

s ex

erci

se (U

nion

Cou

ncil

Rog

hani

-I, D

istr

ict K

illa

Abd

ulla

h).

San

a pa

rtic

ipat

es in

the

3-da

y C

omm

unity

Man

agem

ent S

kills

Tra

inin

g w

orks

hop

for

offic

e-be

arer

s of

12

wom

en's

com

mun

ity

orga

nisa

tions

(Uni

on C

ounc

il P

anam

Dhe

ri, D

istr

ict P

esha

war

).

1110

The

'pai

r-w

ise

rank

ing'

tool

list

s th

e ne

eds

iden

tifie

d in

a m

atri

x, w

ith th

e sa

me

need

s ap

pear

ing

in b

oth

row

s an

d co

lum

ns. E

ach

colu

mn

head

ing

is c

ompa

red

with

eve

ry

row

hea

ding

bel

ow it

. The

hea

ding

giv

en

prec

eden

ce is

wri

tten

in th

e in

ters

ectin

g bo

x th

ey s

hare

. At t

he e

nd o

f the

exe

rcis

e,

the

num

ber

of ti

mes

a h

eadi

ng a

ppea

rs is

co

unte

d up

. The

hea

ding

with

the

high

est

num

ber

is th

e on

e w

ith th

e hi

ghes

t ran

k.

the

mos

t pre

ssin

g ne

eds

are

addr

esse

d an

d th

e m

ost d

epriv

ed b

enef

icia

ries

are

cate

red

to, t

hus

the

risk

of b

eing

inf

luen

ced

by t

he n

otab

les,

cr

ea

ted

b

y th

e

sta

keh

old

er

me

eti

ng

, is

ad

dres

sed.

Ano

ther

met

hod

of v

alid

atin

g th

e in

terv

entio

n un

dert

aken

is

to

us

e 'b

asel

ines

' to

gu

ide

it.

Bas

elin

es a

re in

dica

tors

of

the

situ

atio

n on

the

gr

ound

at

th

e be

ginn

ing

of

the

inte

rven

tion.

R

AH

A h

as ju

st fi

nish

ed c

ompi

ling

unio

n co

unci

l pr

ofile

s th

at g

ive

a de

taile

d pi

ctur

e of

eac

h ta

rget

un

ion

coun

cil u

nder

the

prog

ram

me.

The

uni

on c

ounc

il pr

ofile

s in

clud

e in

form

atio

n on

po

pula

tion,

hea

lth, e

duca

tion,

wat

er a

nd e

nerg

y T

his

proc

ess

ensu

res

a co

ntin

uous

, cl

ose

and

supp

ly,

empl

oym

ent

sect

ors

and

thei

r st

atus

, in

terd

ep

en

de

nt

rela

tion

ship

b

etw

ee

n

the

st

anda

rds

of li

ving

, and

var

ious

oth

er in

dica

tors

go

vern

men

t an

d co

mm

unity

or

gani

satio

ns,

rele

vant

to

deve

lopm

ent

sect

or i

nter

vent

ions

. fa

cilit

atin

g th

e la

tter

in l

earn

ing

how

to

acce

ss

The

se p

rofe

ssio

nally

cre

ated

pro

files

pro

vide

an

and

inte

ract

with

gov

ernm

ent

pers

onne

l; w

hile

ob

ject

ive

man

ner

of v

alid

atin

g th

e co

mm

unity

si

mu

ltan

eo

usl

y p

rovi

din

g

the

g

ove

rnm

en

t or

gani

satio

ns' a

naly

ses

of th

eir s

ituat

ion,

as

wel

l pe

rson

nel w

ith th

e re

leva

nt c

apac

ities

and

tool

s as

mea

surin

g th

e ef

fect

of t

he in

terv

entio

n th

at is

to

m

ee

t th

e

ne

ed

s o

f th

e

com

mu

nit

y un

dert

aken

.or

gani

satio

ns.

The

link

of t

he c

omm

unity

org

anis

atio

ns w

ith th

e T

he c

omm

unity

org

anis

atio

n its

elf i

s re

spon

sibl

e go

vern

men

t re

mai

ns v

ery

clos

e, e

ven

at t

he

for

the

impl

emen

tatio

n of

eve

ry a

spec

t of

an

need

s pr

iorit

isat

ion

leve

l. F

urth

er a

sses

smen

t of

inte

rven

tion.

It

plan

s th

e in

terv

entio

n, h

ires

the

cert

ain

prio

rity

need

s is

join

tly c

arrie

d ou

t with

the

rele

vant

sta

ff an

d ov

erse

es th

e im

plem

enta

tion.

go

vern

men

t; fo

r ex

ampl

e,

thos

e of

m

ajor

T

he

budg

et

requ

ired

is

tran

sfer

red

into

th

e ph

ysic

al in

fras

truc

ture

or s

ocia

l ser

vice

s su

ch a

s co

mm

unity

or

gani

satio

n's

bank

ac

coun

t by

ed

ucat

ion,

hea

lth, w

ater

sup

ply,

etc

.R

AH

A a

nd th

e fo

rmer

is re

spon

sibl

e fo

r han

dlin

g S

ince

the

gove

rnm

ent i

s th

e m

ajor

act

or fu

lfilli

ng

all m

onet

ary

disb

urse

men

ts. A

t-le

ast t

wo

peop

le

thes

e ne

eds,

the

asse

ssm

ent o

f nee

ds in

thes

e p

er

com

mu

nit

y o

rga

nis

ati

on

ta

ke

this

ar

eas

obvi

ousl

y re

quire

s its

inpu

t. T

he s

ame

is

resp

onsi

bilit

y to

mai

ntai

n tr

ansp

aren

cy.

als

o

tru

e

for

solu

tio

n

to

the

se

ne

ed

s.

Eac

h st

ep o

f th

e pr

oces

s is

rec

orde

d, t

hus

the

Inte

rven

tions

mad

e di

rect

ly w

ith th

e go

vern

men

t co

mm

unity

or

gani

satio

ns

beco

me

skill

ed

at

incl

ude

the

build

ing

of ro

ads,

reno

vatio

n of

pub

lic

mai

ntai

ning

cl

ear

and

deta

iled

reco

rds.

A

n sc

hool

s,

exec

utio

n of

w

ater

an

d sa

nita

tion

oper

atio

ns a

nd m

aint

enan

ce c

omm

ittee

is p

art

sche

mes

, an

d st

reng

then

ing

of

gove

rnm

ent

of t

he c

omm

unity

org

anis

atio

n ov

erse

eing

the

em

ploy

men

t inf

orm

atio

n ce

ntre

s.im

plem

enta

tion.

Bot

h th

e re

cord

kee

ping

and

C

erta

in o

ther

nee

ds,

once

prio

ritis

ed,

are

then

th

e op

erat

ions

and

mai

nten

ance

com

mitt

ees

addr

esse

d in

coo

pera

tion

with

the

gov

ernm

ent.

assi

st in

cre

atin

g a

tran

spar

ent s

yste

m w

ith c

lear

F

or e

xam

ple,

tra

inin

gs p

rovi

ded

for

impr

ovin

g lin

es o

f res

pons

ibili

ty.

the

capa

city

of t

he c

omm

unity

in th

e ag

ricul

ture

O

nce

the

com

mun

ity o

rgan

isat

ions

hav

e go

ne

sect

or a

re o

ften

prov

ided

by

the

staf

f of

the

th

roug

h th

is s

yste

m, t

hey

are

cons

ider

ed m

atur

e D

epar

tmen

t of A

gric

ultu

re E

xten

sion

.

enou

gh t

o jo

in t

oget

her

in t

he f

orm

of

a vi

llage

its

are

a of

inte

rven

tion.

The

refo

re, i

nste

ad o

f re-

orga

nisa

tion,

whi

ch th

en re

peat

s th

is p

roce

ss a

t in

vent

ing

the

whe

el, R

AH

A 'a

dopt

s' th

e ex

istin

g a

high

er le

vel:

inst

ead

of id

entif

ying

the

poor

est

com

mun

ity o

r vi

llage

org

anis

atio

ns fo

r th

e sa

ke

in a

nei

ghbo

urho

od a

nd p

riorit

isin

g th

e ne

eds

at

of e

nhan

cing

the

ir in

terv

entio

ns a

nd c

reat

ing

a a

hous

ehol

d le

vel,

the

villa

ge

orga

nisa

tion

sust

aine

d de

velo

pmen

t ef

fort

in

th

e ar

ea.

addr

esse

s th

e ne

eds

of a

who

le v

illag

e.C

omm

unity

and

vill

age

orga

nisa

tions

cre

ated

by

SR

SP

, Q

atar

Cha

rity,

FA

O,

PID

S,

BR

SP

and

A

mea

sure

of t

he ri

gour

of R

AH

A's

inte

rven

tions

W

ES

S h

ave

so fa

r bee

n ad

opte

d by

RA

HA

.w

ith c

omm

unity

org

anis

atio

ns is

refle

cted

in th

at

only

a fe

w v

illag

e or

gani

satio

ns h

ave

so fa

r bee

n O

ften,

the

se o

rgan

isat

ions

hav

e be

en f

orm

ed

crea

ted

unde

r th

e pr

ogra

mm

e. A

lso,

RA

HA

's

for

a sp

ecifi

c pu

rpos

e;

an

NG

O

may

be

vi

llage

org

anis

atio

ns h

ave

not

yet

grad

uate

d to

in

terv

enin

g in

an

area

for a

spe

cific

pur

pose

. For

fo

rm

loca

l su

pp

ort

o

rga

nis

atio

ns,

th

ou

gh

ex

ampl

e,

the

orga

nisa

tion

may

ha

ve

been

su

ffici

ent

villa

ge

orga

nisa

tions

ar

e lik

ely

to

form

ed

to

addr

ess

only

sa

nita

tion

or

only

m

atur

e en

ough

to

fo

rm

a fe

w

loca

l su

ppor

t ed

ucat

ion

need

s.

Thi

s,

obvi

ousl

y,

limits

th

e or

gani

satio

ns b

y th

e en

d of

this

yea

r.sc

ope

of i

ts i

nter

vent

ion

as w

ell

as i

ts v

isio

n.

Ado

ptio

n by

RA

HA

is

cruc

ial

to e

xpan

ding

the

Im

port

antly

, R

AH

A

ackn

owle

dges

th

at

ofte

n vi

sion

and

sco

pe o

f the

org

anis

atio

n in

que

stio

n,

com

mun

ity

orga

nisa

tions

cr

eate

d by

ot

her

mak

ing

it a

trul

y ar

ea-b

ased

dev

elop

men

t act

or

deve

lopm

ent

acto

rs in

the

fie

ld a

lread

y ex

ist

in

inst

ead

of a

sec

tor-

base

d on

e.

Ref

ugee

Affe

cted

and

Hos

ting

Are

as P

rogr

amm

e (R

AH

A)

The

pres

iden

t of m

en's

com

mun

ity o

rgan

isat

ion

'Med

wa'

add

ress

es th

e m

embe

rs d

urin

g a

mee

ting

held

to d

iscu

ss th

e re

leas

e of

se

cond

inst

alm

ent o

f fun

ds fo

r th

e co

nstr

uctio

n of

an

amus

emen

t par

k fo

r ch

ildre

n an

d fa

mili

es (D

istr

ict S

wab

i).

The

abo

ve d

escr

iptio

n cl

early

sho

ws

how

the

RA

HA

so

cial

mob

ilisa

tion

met

hodo

logy

brin

gs a

com

plet

ely

ne

w

att

itu

de

to

th

e

tab

le.

RA

HA

's

inte

rve

nti

on

m

etho

dolo

gy

has

som

e di

stin

guis

hing

ch

arac

teris

tics

setti

ng it

apa

rt fr

om o

ther

soc

ial m

obili

satio

n in

terv

entio

ns.

The

se h

ave

been

sum

mar

ized

in th

e fo

llow

ing:

1.R

AH

A

inte

rven

tions

ha

ve

only

on

e gu

idin

g pr

inci

ple:

ar

ea-b

ased

de

velo

pmen

t. T

here

fore

, an

y ne

ed p

riorit

ised

by

the

com

mun

ity c

an b

e m

et

unde

r th

e pr

ogra

mm

e. T

here

are

no

rest

rictio

ns.

Thi

s ch

arac

teris

tic is

not

tru

e fo

r al

l act

ors

in t

he

field

. O

ften

the

deve

lopm

ent

acto

r m

ay

be

inte

rven

ing

for a

spe

cific

pur

pose

; for

exa

mpl

e, to

im

prov

e w

ater

and

san

itatio

n co

nditi

ons

or re

stor

e ph

ysic

al in

fras

truc

ture

. The

nee

ds p

ut fo

rth

by th

e co

mm

unity

or

gani

satio

ns

crea

ted

by

thes

e de

velo

pmen

t act

ors

are

thus

rest

ricte

d in

the

type

of

inte

rven

tion

they

can

car

ry o

ut. T

his,

obv

ious

ly,

rest

ricts

thei

r im

pact

in th

e ar

ea a

nd th

e su

cces

s of

th

eir i

nter

vent

ion.

2.R

AH

A in

terv

entio

ns a

re d

riven

by

the

com

mun

ity

orga

nisa

tions

w

ho

deci

de

both

th

e ne

ed

to

addr

ess

and

how

to

addr

ess

it. T

he c

omm

unity

or

gani

satio

ns

wor

king

w

ith

othe

r de

velo

pmen

t ac

tors

ofte

n ha

ve a

pre

-def

ined

age

nda

or n

eed

to

addr

ess;

for

exa

mpl

e, w

ater

and

san

itatio

n or

re

stor

atio

n of

phy

sica

l inf

rast

ruct

ure.

Thu

s, R

AH

A

com

mun

ity o

rgan

isat

ions

und

ergo

a m

uch

mor

e rig

orou

s pr

actic

al tr

aini

ng h

elpi

ng th

em to

bec

ome

inde

pend

ent

and

enab

ling

them

to

succ

essf

ully

de

sign

and

impl

emen

t the

ir in

terv

entio

ns.

3.R

AH

A

com

mun

ity

orga

nisa

tions

ca

rry

out

the

impl

emen

tatio

n an

d m

onito

ring

of e

very

pro

ject

in

terv

entio

n by

them

selv

es. T

hey

use

loca

l lab

our

and

com

plem

ent

RA

HA

's

fund

s us

ing

priv

ate

cont

ribu

tions

. T

he

com

mun

ity

orga

nisa

tions

w

orki

ng

with

ot

her

deve

lopm

ent

sect

or

acto

rs

ofte

n ou

tsou

rce

proj

ect

impl

emen

tatio

n, f

ocus

ing

only

on

the

mon

itorin

g as

pect

.

13

Ref

ugee

Affe

cted

and

Hos

ting

Are

as P

rogr

amm

e (R

AH

A)

RA

HA

's In

terv

entio

nM

etho

dolo

gy:

An

Ana

lysi

s

12

Trai

ning

faci

litat

or F

auzi

a ex

plai

ns d

iffer

ent c

once

pts

of d

evel

opm

ent t

o th

e pa

rtic

ipan

ts o

f the

3-d

ay C

omm

unity

Man

agem

ent

Ski

lls T

rain

ing

wor

ksho

p fo

r of

fice-

bear

ers

of 1

2 w

omen

's c

omm

unity

org

anis

atio

ns (U

nion

Cou

ncil

Pan

am D

heri

, Dis

tric

t P

esha

war

.

1514

1.Fl

exib

le a

nd R

espo

nsiv

e: R

AH

A i

nter

vent

ions

are

bas

ed o

n th

e ne

eds

on t

he

grou

nd

and

are

not

limite

d by

a

stan

dard

de

sign

. T

houg

h th

e st

anda

rd

met

hodo

logy

is p

rese

nt a

s a

guid

e, it

s ap

plic

atio

n at

eac

h le

vel i

s de

term

ined

by

how

app

ropr

iate

it is

for t

he ta

rget

aud

ienc

e.

2.S

trong

Lin

kage

s w

ith th

e G

over

nmen

t: R

AH

A in

terv

entio

ns in

volv

e go

vern

men

t pe

rson

nel a

t eve

ry s

tage

. The

gov

ernm

ent i

s in

volv

ed fr

om th

e be

ginn

ing

of th

e so

cial

mob

ilisa

tion

inte

rven

tion.

It is

par

t of t

he s

take

hold

ers'

mee

ting

that

take

s pl

ace

befo

re t

he a

rea

is a

cces

sed

and

it is

incl

uded

in t

he n

eeds

prio

ritis

atio

n,

impl

emen

tatio

n an

d m

onito

ring

activ

ities

. The

ove

rall

proj

ect i

s ov

erse

en b

y th

ree

gove

rnm

ent

com

mitt

ees:

a F

eder

al T

ask

For

ce,

a P

rovi

ncia

l Tas

k F

orce

and

a

Dis

tric

t C

oord

inat

ion

Com

mitt

ee.

The

se t

hree

com

mitt

ees

regu

larly

mee

t to

de

liber

ate

on t

he m

anag

emen

t an

d co

ordi

natio

n of

pro

ject

act

iviti

es,

as w

ell a

s m

onito

r the

per

iodi

c de

liver

y of

the

proj

ect.

Thu

s, th

e pr

ojec

t has

full

owne

rshi

p of

th

e go

vern

men

t, w

hich

enh

ance

s its

pro

spec

ts o

f rem

aini

ng s

usta

inab

le. W

hen

the

proj

ect p

ulls

out

of a

n ar

ea, t

he g

over

nmen

t can

eas

ily a

nd w

illin

gly

take

ove

r re

spon

sibi

lity

for i

t.

3.G

uide

d by

Nee

ds o

f A

rea-

Bas

ed D

evel

opm

ent:

RA

HA

int

erve

ntio

ns a

llow

the

co

mm

unity

to p

riorit

ise

any

need

that

will

dev

elop

the

loca

l are

a. It

is n

ot li

mite

d by

th

e re

quire

men

t of

one

sec

tor

of i

nter

vent

ion

only

; fo

r ex

ampl

e, h

ealth

or

educ

atio

n.

Cha

ract

eris

tics

ofR

AH

A In

terv

entio

ns:

4.R

AH

A c

omm

unity

org

anis

atio

ns a

re c

lose

ly li

nked

with

the

gove

rnm

ent,

whi

ch is

invo

lved

in

each

sta

ge o

f pro

ject

impl

emen

tatio

n, fr

om th

e fo

rmat

ion

of th

e co

mm

unity

org

anis

atio

ns to

th

e ne

eds

anal

ysis

exe

rcis

e to

pro

ject

impl

emen

tatio

n an

d m

onito

ring.

As

a re

sult,

RA

HA

pr

ojec

ts h

ave

a ve

ry h

igh

likel

ihoo

d of

rem

aini

ng s

usta

inab

le. T

his,

onc

e ag

ain,

is n

ot tr

ue o

f al

l oth

er d

evel

opm

ent s

ecto

r act

ors

in th

e fie

ld.

5.R

AH

A

activ

ely

seek

s pa

rtne

rshi

ps

with

al

l ot

her

deve

lopm

ent

acto

rs

in

its

area

of

in

terv

entio

n. T

o th

is e

nd, i

t will

ingl

y ad

opts

com

mun

ity o

rgan

isat

ions

that

hav

e be

en s

et u

p by

oth

er d

evel

opm

ent a

ctor

s. S

ome

of th

ese

orga

nisa

tions

may

now

be

inac

tive.

RA

HA

not

on

ly r

e-ac

tivat

es t

hem

, bu

t al

so t

ries

to a

ddre

ss t

he r

easo

ns t

hese

org

anis

atio

ns b

ecam

e in

activ

e to

ens

ure

futu

re s

usta

inab

ility

. Thi

s is

a m

ajor

str

engt

h of

the

RA

HA

met

hodo

logy

an

d it

diffe

rent

iate

s th

e pr

ogra

mm

e fr

om

prob

ably

ev

ery

othe

r so

cial

m

obili

satio

n in

terv

entio

n.

6.T

he R

AH

A m

etho

dolo

gy o

f in

terv

entio

n, a

s di

scus

sed

in p

oint

s 2

and

3 ab

ove,

pro

mot

es

criti

cal t

hink

ing

amon

g th

e m

embe

rs o

f its

com

mun

ity o

rgan

isat

ions

. Thi

s is

an

achi

evem

ent

proh

ibite

d by

the

mor

e di

dact

ic m

etho

dolo

gies

of o

ther

dev

elop

men

t sec

tor a

ctor

s.

Ref

ugee

Affe

cted

and

Hos

ting

Are

as P

rogr

amm

e (R

AH

A)

The

mem

bers

of m

en's

vill

age

orga

nisa

tion

'Sak

ezai

' evo

lve

cons

ensu

s du

ring

dis

cuss

ion

on th

e ne

ed fo

r a

pipe

line

(Vill

age

Dad

agza

i, U

nion

Cou

ncil

Kha

noza

i, D

istr

ict P

ishi

n).

Mem

bers

of w

omen

's

com

mun

ity o

rgan

isat

ion

'Moh

alla

h K

ausa

r M

asjid

' mee

t to

set

mile

ston

es fo

r an

up

com

ing

proj

ect t

o re

habi

litat

e a

park

for

wom

en

and

child

ren

(Uni

on C

ounc

il P

ania

n, D

istr

ict H

arip

ur).

16 4.C

ost

Effe

ctiv

e: R

AH

A u

ses

the

impl

emen

tatio

n of

eac

h in

terv

entio

n as

an

oppo

rtun

ity o

f tr

aini

ng a

nd c

apac

ity b

uild

ing

for t

he c

omm

unity

org

anis

atio

n. T

his

ensu

res

that

ben

efits

are

si

mul

tane

ousl

y di

sbur

sed;

the

com

mun

ity o

rgan

isat

ion

build

s its

cap

aciti

es a

s th

e ar

ea

deve

lops

.

5.P

rom

otes

Soc

ial C

ohes

ion:

The

clo

se c

oope

ratio

n w

ith th

e go

vern

men

t and

the

com

mun

ity

in t

he r

elev

ant

area

ens

ures

soc

ial c

ohes

ion

as a

ll st

akeh

olde

rs m

ove

tow

ards

the

sam

e ob

ject

ive.

6.P

ragm

atic

: R

AH

A d

oes

not

hesi

tate

to

colla

bora

te w

ith o

ther

act

ors

in t

he a

rea,

eas

ily

adop

ting

thei

r org

anis

atio

ns.

7.Fo

ster

ing

Crit

ical

Thi

nkin

g S

kills

: The

ver

y ac

t of

cre

atin

g pl

ans

from

a lo

w t

o a

high

leve

l en

able

s th

e go

vern

men

t an

d co

mm

uniti

es t

o de

velo

p th

eir

criti

cal

thin

king

and

pla

nnin

g sk

ills.

The

se a

re c

ruci

al to

sus

tain

able

dev

elop

men

t in

any

area

. Thu

s, R

AH

A in

terv

entio

ns

have

a v

ery

high

leve

l of s

usta

inab

ility

bui

lt in

to th

em.

Raha

Dist

ricts

PESH

AWA

R

QU

ETTA

BA

LOC

HIS

TAN

IR

AN

SIN

DH

AF

GH

AN

IS

TA

N

CH

AG

AI

Kill

a A

bdul

lah

PISH

IN

KIL

LA

SAIF

ULL

AH

LOR

ALA

I

ISLA

MA

BA

D

PUN

JAB

CH

IN

AK

hybe

r Pa

khtu

nkhw

a

BU

NER

HA

RIP

UR

LOW

ER D

IR

NO

WSH

ERA

SWA

BI

Bune

rH

arip

ur

Low

er D

ir

Now

sher

a

Pesh

awar

Swab

i

Bal

ochi

stan

Cha

gai

Killa

Abd

ulla

h

Killa

Sai

fulla

h

Lora

lai

Pish

inQ

uetta

Khy

ber P

akht

unkh

wa

Refugee Affected and Hosting Areas Programme (RAHA)United Nations Development Programme (UNDP)

6th Floor, Serena Business Complex, Khayban-e-Suharwardy, Islamabad.URL: www.undp.org.pk

With funding by the European Union