Understanding the Weather Leading to Poor Winter Air Quality Erik Crosman 1, John Horel 1, Chris...
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![Page 1: Understanding the Weather Leading to Poor Winter Air Quality Erik Crosman 1, John Horel 1, Chris Foster 1, Lance Avey 2 1 University of Utah Department.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062516/56649db95503460f94aa9cec/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Understanding the Weather Leading to Poor Winter Air Quality
Erik Crosman1, John Horel1, Chris Foster1, Lance Avey2
1University of UtahDepartment of Atmospheric Sciences
2Utah Division of Air Quality
![Page 2: Understanding the Weather Leading to Poor Winter Air Quality Erik Crosman 1, John Horel 1, Chris Foster 1, Lance Avey 2 1 University of Utah Department.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062516/56649db95503460f94aa9cec/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
A Global Problem Exacerbated by Topography
Annual Average PM2.5 Grids from MODIS and MISR Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD), 2001–2010. Palisades, NY: NASA Socioeconomic Data and Applications Center (SEDAC). http://sedac.ciesin .columbia.edu/data/set/sdei-g lobal-annual-avg -pm2-5-2001-2010
Los Angeles Basin
Valley of Mexico
Salt Lake Basin
Moscova River Basin
Sichuan Basin
Johannesburg, South Africa
Beijing Shanghai
fires
dust
fires
![Page 3: Understanding the Weather Leading to Poor Winter Air Quality Erik Crosman 1, John Horel 1, Chris Foster 1, Lance Avey 2 1 University of Utah Department.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062516/56649db95503460f94aa9cec/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Utah Basins
Cache Valley
UtahValley Uintah Basin
Great Salt Lake Basin
Salt Lake Valley
![Page 4: Understanding the Weather Leading to Poor Winter Air Quality Erik Crosman 1, John Horel 1, Chris Foster 1, Lance Avey 2 1 University of Utah Department.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062516/56649db95503460f94aa9cec/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Basic Weather Features Associated with Poor Winter Air Quality: Well-Understood
H High pressure
Cold, dirty air
Warm, clean air
Light winds
![Page 5: Understanding the Weather Leading to Poor Winter Air Quality Erik Crosman 1, John Horel 1, Chris Foster 1, Lance Avey 2 1 University of Utah Department.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062516/56649db95503460f94aa9cec/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Critical Weather Details Associated with Poor Winter Air Quality: Difficult to Predict
Clouds
Snow Cover and Land Use
Mixing
Depth of polluted layer
Transport
Transport
Pollution concentrations
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Improving Weather Models of Wintertime Inversions
• The EPA, Western Regional Air Partnership (WRAP) and Utah Division of Air Quality (UDAQ) have identified need for improved meteorological models
• Collaborative effort (July 2014-January 2016) between UofU and UDAQ funded by the Utah Legislature
• Builds on collaborative work with Utah State University
![Page 7: Understanding the Weather Leading to Poor Winter Air Quality Erik Crosman 1, John Horel 1, Chris Foster 1, Lance Avey 2 1 University of Utah Department.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062516/56649db95503460f94aa9cec/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Weather Research and Forecasting Model (WRF)
•Full-physics meteorological model •Model time step in inner domain ~5 seconds•Run in parallel on 100-200 processors •Parameterizations for clouds, radiation, surface fluxes, turbulent mixing, precipitation, etc
Grid spacing = 12 km
Grid spacing = 4 km
Grid spacing = 1.3 km
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Improvements Being Tested For Wintertime Modeling in Utah Basins
• 1) Cloud and mixing algorithms
• 2) Model grid spacing• 3) Model initialization• 4) Snow cover and vegetation
• See 2 posters for more detailed information
Liquid Ice
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2-12 January 2015 Inversion: How deep? How high will near-surface pollutant levels get?
5 January 2015
7 January 2015
?Temperature profile 1?
Temperature profile 2?
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Importance of Snow and Clouds: Christmas 2014 Storm
23 December 20141 January 2015
Great Salt Lake Basin
Uintah Basin
7 January 201510 January 2015
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Complex Flow Patterns Drive Complex Pollutant Variations
Great SaltLake Breeze
See poster:
2015 SummerOzone StudyArens et al.
TRAX Obs
See poster:
Spatial and Temporal Observation of Urban Trace Gases and Pollutants from a Light Rail Vehicle Platform
Mitchell et al.
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sltrib.com
Model #1 Model #2
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Summary and Future Work
• Ongoing work to improve wintertime modeling for Wasatch Front and Cache Valley
• Work focusing on:– model grid resolution– cloud parameterization schemes– specifying snow surface appropriately
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Selected Publications• Neemann, E.M., E.T. Crosman, and L. Avey, Simulations of a cold-air pool
with elevated wintertime ozone in the Uintah Basin, Utah. Atmos. Chem. Phys., 14, 1-17, 2014.
• Lareau, N. P. and Horel, J. D.: Dynamically induced displacements of a persistent cold-air pool, Bound.-Lay. Meteor., doi: 10.1007/s10546-014-9968-5, available at: http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs10546-014-9968-5, 2014.
• Lareau, N. P., Crosman, E. T., Whiteman, C. D., Horel, J. D., Hoch, S. W., Brown, W. O. J., and Horst, T. W.: The persistent cold-air pool study, B. Am. Meteorol. Soc., 94, 51–63, doi:10.1175/BAMS-D-11-00255.1, 2013.