Understanding DOE-HDBK-3010 Understanding DOE-HDBK-3010 Without Becoming an Accident Without Becoming an Accident AnalystAnalyst

Roger Lanning Roger Lanning Waste Treatment Plant - HanfordWaste Treatment Plant - Hanford

Santa Fe EFCOG, May 7, 2012

U.S. Department of Energy

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DOE-HDBK-3010: Otherwise known as…

The Accident Analysis HandbookMishima’s HandbookDOE 3010The DOE Handbook DOE-HDBK-3010-94, “Airborne Release Fractions/Rates

and Respirable Fractions for Non-Reactor Nuclear Facilities”

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Accident Analysis Method

Focus on co-located worker and public receptor Inhalation dose dominates the overall doseDetermine the amount of radioactive material driven

airborne to estimate downwind consequences for an accident

Airborne source term estimated by 5-factor formula

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The 5-Factor Formula

Source Term = MAR x DR x LPF x ARF x RF

where:MAR = Material at risk (curies or grams)DR = Damage ratioLPF = Leak path factorARF = Airborne release fractionRF = Respirable fraction

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The 5-Factor Formula

Source Term = MAR x DR x LPF x ARF x RF

where:MAR = Material at risk (curies or grams)DR = Damage ratio set to 1.0LPF = Leak path factor set to 1.0ARF = Airborne release fractionRF = Respirable fraction

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The 5-Factor Formula

Source Term = MAR x ARF x RF

where:MAR = Material at risk (curies or grams)ARF = Airborne release fractionRF = Respirable fraction

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Baking Powder Demonstration

The cup of baking powder represents an amount of material at risk (MAR)

Accident: Drop or spill of powderThe visible cloud is a good indication of the aerosol

released from the accident (ARF)The very small particles more closely represent the

respirable fraction (RF)How much respirable aerosol was produced?

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Creation of the DOE-HDBK-3010

During 1980’s DOE began to increasingly emphasize ES&H issues

DOE sponsored the Defense Programs Safety Survey in 1993 One objective of survey was to “Develop consistent data and

methodologies for making conservative estimates of basic consequence derivation parameters”

The research and compilation of data was documented in DOE-HDBK-3010 (two volumes)

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Goals of DOE-HDBK-3010

Systematically compile airborne release and respirable fraction experimental data for non-reactor nuclear facilities

Assess available dataProvide values derived from data assessment that may

be used in accident analysis

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DOE-HDBK-3010 Team

Mr. Jofu Mishima Mr. David PinkstonDr. Chris Amos, SAIC Mr. John Joyce, WHC

Ms. Marcel Ballinger, PNL Mr. Randy Kircher, H&R Tech. Assoc.

Dr. Sanford Bloom, MMES-OR Dr. Bob Luna, SNL

Dr. Bruce Boughton, SNL Ms. Lenna Mahonney, PNL

Dr. Sandra Brereton, LLNL Mr. Bob Marusich, PNL

Dr. Donald Chung, Scientech Dr. Louis Muhlenstein, WHC

Mr. Chris Everett, SAIC Dr. Louis Restrepo, SNL

Dr. Roland Felt, WINCO Mr. Fred Stetson, SAIC

Mr. Terri Foppe, EG&G-Rocky Flats Dr. Doug Stevens, LLNL

Mr. Abel Garcia, LLNL Mr. Ray Sullivan, SAIC

Dr. Norman Grandjean, SNL Ms. Wendy Ting, SAIC

Dr. John Haschke, LANL Mr. John Van Kieren, WHC

Mr. Hans Jordan, EG&G-Rocky Flats Dr. David Wilson, WSRC

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Handbook Contains

Identification of consequence determination methodology Discussion of applicability of the information and its

general technical limits Identification of types of accident conditions for which the

information is applicableExamples of use of the consequence determination

methodology and ARF / RF information

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Accident Types in 3010 Gases

i. Condensable and non-condensable Liquids

i. Thermal Stress (boiling/flashing)

ii. Explosive stressa. Shock/blast

b. Sprays

iii. Free-fall spill

iv. Re-suspension

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Accident Types in 3010

Solids

i. Material types

a. Metals

b. Non-metals/composites (glass)

c. Powders

ii. Thermal stress (burning)

iii. Explosive stress (shock and blast)

iv. Free fall/impact

v. Aerodynamic entrainment and re-suspension

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Accident Types in 3010

Surface Contamination

i. Contaminated equipment and filters

ii. Thermal stress (burning)

iii. Shock/blast effects

iv. Free fall/impact

Criticality

i. Total fission yield

ii. Material released in criticality excursions

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Organization of 3010

Volume 1: Analysis of Experimental Datai. Source term methodology

ii. Summary of research and data

iii. Recommended ARF and RF values

iv. Application examples Volume 2: Appendices

i. Tables and figures from reference documents

ii. Example facilities (Production Lab, HVAC, ion exchange)

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Example Application of DOE-HDBK-3010

Flashing spray of superheated liquids DOE-HDBK-3010, Pg 3-26 Research and experiments Recommended ARF x RF

i. < 50°C superheat: ARF 1E-2, RF 0.6

ii. 50°C - 100°C superheat: ARF 1E-1, RF 0.7

Empirical correlations for > 100°C

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Example Application of DOE-HDBK-3010

Blowout of HEPA filter DOE-HDBK-3010, Section 5.4 Research and experiments Recommended ARF x RF

i. Pressure pulse: ARF 2E-6, RF 1.0

ii. Blast effects: ARF 1E-1, RF 0.7

iii. Impact stress: ARF 5E-3, RF 1.0

iv. Crushing enclosed filter: ARF 5E-4, RF 1.0

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Limitations of DOE-HDBK-3010

Best estimates by experts using data available at the time

Provides a general basis for decision makingLimited range of some valuesMedian and average values included only for perspective

on potential conservatismNot meant to be used for “pencil sharpening” of ARF/RF

to meet safety basis

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Use of DOE-HDBK-3010 at WTP Provides basis for many of the ARF x RF values used in

PDSA However, 3010 is not directly applicable in all accident

scenarios (e.g. non-Newtonian waste) Several DNFSB questions have driven additional testing

applicable to WTP waste:i. Spray leaks

ii. Sparger entrainment

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Conclusions

DOE-HDBK-3010 is a good starting point for any accident analysis

3010 is an excellent source of DOE recognized methodology and ARF/RF values

Be aware of limitations and applicability of dataNot the final authority, not “safe harbor”Available on internet (www.hss.doe.gov)

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Questions?