Under the Hood

Monica Loza 1st period

5 places to save on a PCOn a PC:Flash Drive

Send it to your E-mail

Save to the desktop

Save on a CD

iCloud

Thaw space

How to save at school Step 1. Go to file

2. Save as

3. Click “My Computer”

4. Then double click the file with your name in it

5. Make sure the title includes your name then press save

Types of software • System Software: It helps in running computer hardware and the computer

system. System software refers to the operating systems; device drivers, servers, windowing systems and utilities. System software helps an application programmer in abstracting away from hardware, memory and other internal complexities of a computer. An operating system provides users with a platform to execute high-level programs. Firmware and BIOS provide the means to operate hardware.

• Application Software: It enables the end users to accomplish certain specific tasks. Business software, databases and educational software are some forms of application software. Different word processors, which are dedicated to specialized tasks to be performed by the user, are other examples of application software.

• Data Backup and Recovery Software: An ideal data backup and recovery software provides functionalities beyond simple copying of data files. This software often supports user needs of specifying what is to be backed up and when. Backup and recovery software preserve the original organization of files and allow an easy retrieval of the backed up data.

The 5 pieces of hardware • CPU~ The CPU is the "brains" of the computer. The central

processing unit provides the calculations and manipulation of data sent from the user. Each time the user clicks a key, executes an application or browses the Web, the CPU reads the code involved and returns the response to the user.

• RAM~ variable in a computer. Older computers had only a few dozen megabytes of RAM installed. RAM contains the information during the time the computer is on. After the machine is turned off, the information in RAM is lost.

• Hard Drive~ Unlike RAM, the hard drive stores data even after the machine is turned off. A hard drive is the storage unit for the machine. Saved documents and applications are stored on the hard drive using magnetism.

• Video Card~ The video card provides the image seen on the monitor. The video card is attached to a monitor using a VGA cable. Some video cards have two monitor connections. This allows the user to attach two monitors to the computer, so the desktop can be spread across both monitors for better usability.

• Motherboard~ Each component is attached to the motherboard. The motherboard receives power from the computer's power supply. The motherboard allows all the components to communicate, including the CPU. The motherboard also contains controllers, which are circuits that help the operating system work with hardware such as the hard drive.

More hardware…• Monitor~ The monitor works with a video card, located

inside the computer case, to display images and text on the screen.

• Mouse~ moves the cursor on the screen. • CD-Rom~ contains data accessible by a computer

• Floppy drive~ It is a data storage device

Measurements

• Bit~ Single Binary Digit (1 or 0)

• Byte~ 8 bits • Kilobyte~ 1,024 Bytes • Megabyte~ 1,024 Kilobytes • Gigabyte~ 1,024 Megabytes• Terabyte~ 1,024 Gigabyte• Petabyte~ 1,024 Terabytes • Exabyte~ 1,024 Petabytes • Zettabyte~ 1,024 Exabytes• RAM~ Computer memory that

holds instructions and data

10 IMPORTANT

EVENTS

5 Major companies

• Apple~ Steve jobs

• Windows~ Bill Gates

• Microsoft~ Bill Gates & Paul Allen

• Dell~ Michael S. Dell

• HP~ William Reddington Hewlett & David Packard

The First PC…

• The IBM 610 Auto-Point Computer was designed by John Lentz between 1948 and 1954 as the Personal Automatic Computer (PAC) and announced by IBM as the 610 Auto-Point in 1957 and was the first personal computer

• The price tag started at $1,565, which would be nearly $4,000 today

First Mac…• released in January of

1984

• 128K RAM of memory

• US$2495

• eight months later Apple released an updated version

• 512K RAM of memory

First laptop…• Released in 1981 by the Osborne

Computer Corporation, the Osborne 1 is considered to be the first true portable computer - it closes-up for protection, and has a carrying handle.

• It even has an optional battery pack, so it doesn't have to plugged into the 110VAC outlet for power.

• Price: US $1,795

• Weight: 24.5 pounds

• RAM:64K RAM

Viruses, worms, and Trojan horses

• Virus~ a software program capable of reproducing itself and usually capable of causing great harm to files or other programs on the same computer

• Worm~ a self-replicating malware computer program. It uses a computer network to send copies of itself to other nodes (computers on the network) and it may do so without any user intervention.

• Trojan horse~ a type of malicious computer software (malware) disguised within legitimate or beneficial programs or files. Once installed on a user’s computer system, the Trojan allows the malware developer remote access to the host computer, subjecting the host computer to a variety of destructive or undesired activities.

The future…• I’m not sure that

computers will change to much, but I think they will be improved. They might come up with a touch screen, maybe one with voice commands, and more memory. They always seem to be adding memory and lowering the weight for out convenience.

Bibliography • http://www.buzzle.com/articles/major-types-of-software.h

tml• http://www.ehow.com/list_6455577_five-main-parts-com

puter.html• http://www.gcflearnfree.org/computerbasics/5.2• http://www.streetdirectory.com/travel_guide/124907/

hardware/types_of_computer_hardware.html• http://www.britannica.com/• http://oldcomputers.net/macintosh.html• http://oldcomputers.net/osborne.html