Under German Control at end of 1941
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1. Under German Control at end of 1941. North Africa. Importance Control of Mediterranean Sea, Suez Canal, Straights of Gibraltar Access to oil fields in the Middle East Open a Second Front. Rommel had control of Libya- had the British on the defensive in Egypt. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Transcript of Under German Control at end of 1941
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North Africa• Importance
• Control of Mediterranean Sea, Suez Canal, Straights of Gibraltar
• Access to oil fields in the Middle East
• Open a Second Front
Rommel had control of Libya- had the British on the defensive in Egypt.
Italians! Have no fear, Rommel is here to help dominate Africa!
Well this stinks for us British! We better call in General Montgomery to clear things up….
Rommel, a German officer, teamed up with the Italians to push back the British with his tanks.
Rommel, AKA the Desert Fox. (Relation to Megan???)
North Africa• Who:
• Vichy French controlled Algeria, Morocco, Tunisia
• Italy controlled Libya• British controlled Egypt• German forces• American forces
• What• 1940 - Italy attacked
British in Egypt - • 1942 Hitler sent Erwin
Rommel a.k.a “the Desert Fox” to help
The North Africa Campaign:
The Battle of El Alamein, 1942 Gen. Ernst
Rommel,The “Desert Fox”
Gen. Bernard Law
Montgomery(“Monty”)
Battle of El Alamein• British
defeat Germans in Africa
• Beat German General Erwin Rommel
• Saved supply route
• Cut Nazis off from oil
Allied Supplies
Battle of El Alamein• El Alamein – British (Montgomery)
attack German’s (Rommel) – German’s are pushed out of Egypt to
Libya and defeated in Jan. 1943• Turning Point – beginning of the end
for Nazi in N. Africa• Why was Egypt so important ?
Operation Torch• Allies “Pincer Strategy” – Advance
from east and west to squeeze the Nazi’s out of North Africa
• US (Eisenhower) from the west; British (Montgomery) from the east
• May 1943 – Allies have all of N. Africa
• What does this set up?**Allied Control of Mediterranean Sea - Can launch attack on Southern Europe
The Italian Campaign [“Operation Torch”] :
Europe’s “Soft Underbelly”y Allies plan
assault on weakest Axis area - North Africa - Nov. 1942-May 1943
y George S. Patton leads American troops
y Germans trapped in Tunisia - surrender over 275,000 troops.
Invasion of Italy, 1943• Combined
British & American invasion of Italy didn’t go very well, but it stretched the German army very thin
The Battle for Sicily: June, 1943
General George S. Patton
Invasion of Italy• Allies attack Sicily• King Victor Emmanuel III
fires Mussolini and has him arrested
• New Italian government signs armistice
• Allies meet tough resistance from Germans on Italian Peninsula
The Allies Liberate Rome:June 5, 1944
Gen. Eisenhower Gives the Orders for D-Day [“Operation
Overlord”]
Invasion of France• Challenges
• Atlantic Wall – series of coastal fortifications along the Atlantic coast built by the 3rd Reich to prevent invasion
• English Channel
June 6, 1944
“all gave some, some gave all”
Deception at Calais• Elaborate Plan by Allies to Deceive
Hitler into thinking attack would be at Calais, France, NOT Normandy
• Discouraged Germans from reinforcing troops at Normandy
Sherman Tank made of Inflated Rubber
Normandy Landing
(June 6, 1944)
Higgins Landing Crafts
German Prisoners
What was D Day? D-day was the term used for the day of
actual Allied soldier landings during wwii on Normandy, France
The attack had two phases. Air assault Landing of infantry/soldiers
Omaha beach was one of the worst landings that day
Why did this happen? Nazi Germany was
increasing its strangle hold on all of western Europe.
The Allies forces are calling for an offensive front.
Allies needed a way into Europe.
Using false radio conversations, the allies created confusion within the Nazi army, spreading the Nazi’s out all over France. Therefore allowing allies to enter through beach landings
Facts (why was this battle so bloody)
3,000,000 men to make the operation work
Over 5,000,000 tons of American equipment alone was shipped for preparation
Beach obstacles 6.5 million land mines Prior aircraft bombing. Machine gun massacre
The weeks proceeding D-Day, the allies would perform bombing runs to destroy German railroad systems.
On D-day we had the air superiority… 13,000 planes
Unfortunately, on Omaha Beach, most of the bombs missed all the beach guns, making Omaha beach the bloodiest landing that day.
Invasion of Normandy (D-Day), 1944• Allies invade
France to free it from German control
• Created 2 Front war for Germany
• Germany will soon be overpowered by Allies
D-Day Results
• 3,000/150,000 Americans die on 1st day
. • 1 Million additional soldiers
arrive within 1 month
• September 1944, France is Liberated
D-day movie
Total casualties in a single day 10,000+ start movie at 2:33
The Liberation of Paris:August 25, 1944
De Gaulle in Triumph!
U. S. Troops in Paris, 1944
The Battle of the Bulge:Hitler’s Last Offensive
Dec. 16, 1944to
Jan. 28, 1945
May 1945 – Hitler kills himself
Video –End of Mussolini
Mussolini & His Mistress,
Claretta Petacci
Are Hung in Milan, 1945
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US AND SOVIET SOLDIERS GREET EACH OTHER AT TORGAU, GERMANY
IN APRIL OF 1945.
Hitler Commits Suicide April 30, 1945
The Führer’s Bunker
Cyanide & Pistols
Mr. & Mrs. Hitler
V-E Day (May 8, 1945)
General Keitel
V-E DayVictory Europe
• V-E Day – May 8, 1945 End of War in Europe
• Hitler and Eva Braun committed suicide in his command bunker.
• April 12 Roosevelt died - Who was president?
V-E Day (May 8, 1945)
