(UNCLASSIFIED)

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OPERATIONS ANALYSIS REP9KT

A SHORT SURVEY OF JAPANESE IJADAR " VOLUME' m,

20 New 1945

\ wf /

Prepared by 2d 6 3d Operations Analysis Section, FEAF

and Air Technical Intelligence Group, FEAF

(ATIG Report No. 115)

1

ep ,Q''n-

NOTE: This report does not necessarily represent the views of either Headquarters, Array ^ir Forces, or the Headquarters through which it was issued.

Distributed by OPERATIONS ANALYSIS, AC/AS-3 Headquarters, Arny Air Forces

Washington 25, D. C.

>K

·•·

THIS DOCUMENT IS BEST QUALITY AVAILABLE. THE COPY

FURNISHED TO DTIC CONTAINED

A SIGNIFICANT NUMBER OF

PAGES WHICH DO NOT

REPRODUCE LEGIBLYo

^p£«-"v- '? - .-^fc»» ■ - •

SHORT SURVEY OF JAPANESE RHDAR

Voliune III

Table of Contents

Page SECTION V - THE JAPANESE NnVY RADAR BOOK ■ 1

1. General , 1 2. Table of Radar Sets and Characteristics 2

Individual Set Data;

Detectors Set Number Allied Japanese Notation Notation

Fixed Type, Air '.Varning 10c 1 Mod 1 11 3 Mobile Type, Air Warning Lik 1 Mod 2 12 8 Small Size, Air Warning ?ik 1 Mod 3 13 12 Medium Sized Air V.'arning Type 3

Mk 1 Mod 1 Ilk 16 Long Range Air Warning 14 19 Snlpborne Air Warning Mk 2 Mod 1 21 21 Shipborne Air Warning (10 cm) Mk 2 Mod 2 22 23 Airborne Patrol & Search, Large Planes....Type 3 ^ir

IXk 6 Hod U H-6 36 Airborne Patrol 6 Search, Small Planes —- PK-3 38 Airborne Patrol & Search, Small Planes.... N'-o U0 Airborne Patrol & Search, Large Planes,.,. FK-4 42 Airborne Patrol & Search, "Pathfinder" -

10 CM — 51 44

Locators

Searchlight Control Mk 4 Mod 3 L-2 & Modif, 1 L-3 49

«A Gun Control Mk 4 Jod 1 S-3 53 nA Gun Control (Stop gap; Mk 4 Mod 2 S-23 57 AA Gun Control Mk 4 Kod 2

Modif, 2 S-24 59 Enemy Plane Tracking - nltitude

Measurements ol ü3 Coast Defense Fire Control (lu cm) Mk 2 t-'od 2

Modif, 2 32 b?

I

Table of Contents (Continued)

Page

Locators (Continued)

Set Number Allied Japanese notation Notation

üirborne - Night Fighter FD-2 FD-2 72 Airbom« - Night Fighter — Gyoku-3 75

Ground Controlled Interception Equipment

Friendly Aircraft Locator 62 78 Airborne IFF Set — Ü-13 81 Foe Aircraft Locator — 63 84 Interception Computer —- — 86

Identification Equipment

Same as U-13 — See Page 81 above.

Navigation Devices

A-UW AXU-LOUUa nxOXiUOOOX' > -— HI—X U|

Countermeasures Equipment

Air-Search Receiver for Detecting — FTB 90 Air-Search Receiver for Homing FTC 92 Land Based and Shipborne Search Receivers — — 9k

if

V - JAPANESE NkVY B4DARS « EQUIPiENT MANUFACTUiCD AND PUHIBD

1, General. TheXMme introductory remarka apply to the "Navy Radar Book" as to th^wArmy Radar Book" of Section IV (Volume II), In the following pager tjie principal navy sets are briefly described with block diagrams and with pictures where new ones taken in Japan are available. The Japanese Navy built a complete line of ground based early warning and fire control equipment quite independent of those used by the army. They also built airborne search and track radars for their bombers and night fighters which, while similar to the array's sets, were of their own design. The navy did not, however, build or operate any Type A (Doppler principle air warning)sets. The equipment described in this jmetien ^hen willjrkll Jj* Type B (impulse principle), except for/tiie F!£ low altitude altimeter.

/it/ •'- ■ ' The Information and block diagrams were supplied principally

by members of the electronics division of the Second Naval Technical Institute, Imperial Japanese Navy, Certain data, however, are from manufacturers and other sources, ,

- 1

■ ■ t~.s:^::imSiiSä.

I A, LdKlBosed fodars Prepared for the U S N, 5th Fleet TABLE OF RADARS OF THE JAPANE

Na Name

i-j

Des/« naiior

H

' RO h Object

Research

jgj Mit-m^ii -tr

Vgjj Typt-Z jtoM HoMl-l i

Typt'2 Hn-1 Miwl'l 3

; Typrj M»>-l («il-ä^^

tl 2

9 : TyH. J MOHI Ho» 1

10 ; fypfl-2 Ma'ttl Moor: 2

11 i Ttft-g Mffkl Hod« 2 2

12 i I.ia2 f%»«1 M«Ki 2-3

13 1 Äo«JW H«*.*««!« )

15 fkowirti MoA*M«m-32

16 fT'jiorrt« M«k-4ME«l-1

17|PrMol»p«M«k *Moa«( 2

1S ; taarfi» ÜHOI fni A.A. (.«nnii

19 ; Praoup. Muk t Mo« I

20' Ptmiiit M» 6 Madtl 2

tM4«-2

■ 2 Kn i

2!

us* 62

titmrm Mi>k-6Mottl 3

^32 tear le^id* bouts

'of '

Anii «( WWIgi

. Ann-otf HO^tov

Ami an Mfnng I

, Atvi-atr «aiiws

HnwnMf srfi * M«nng

".r'.auit um w Kiufwq

'1>llaC.e iURl ii' ■Of'lifil

Sedi-ii -jtit ,or.C^.

jtüK'i iighi cofiUot

Ai-.ti jii'i^t j.i> ..«io>

AM. wiiy f.re,amii

rnvtil an-.-Lijf -xa!^

Foi EUtCratt '.».ulCf ■

\ +A.dt |n«nilly wxiti

itallal^on

IS*2 10

Mt -11

Wi s I94S - \

tf*2 ^ « / J» SKU JfKKt

!943 5 " ■*»• ■*- -■«*>■

1943 - 7 "' jM 'Jta jnwt

m^ "5 'Ul Mt «Ml ^«U jhOK

I9«J 8 ■■nit y$i St«*

i*.i to ■' «• 1><J >«;

1Vl< t (Uilf »■ »SKI .

1DD M< 1 >?Swi

»Mtetf: A.' F««

IS6Ä I m

iOOM: IS«!

"ISÖH

Slit«.

toOtm

-l-'c-

B. Shipborn Rad ars Ho: Name ^ übj.rj

1 ; r.pe-3 MOTH-! MMtt-3 ^Uj-^i W» -ajn..,

^ '^M hr Arli a» «arrwiq

3 it3M:££| Antiaif naming

4 :13tS?i,V,,„«,^

start

19*3

CjC-arch

ea: JinkedR3nQrKs' '^taUat.on

9 ! I'M* r m as« Bath ^Kjnoj Mimn-tn»!

1 Frequency ft«füa^

L' M : 0 kW ,■

10.* '

2» ' 3 tW

Lenqth _

10^,

Süu'*.

Tronsmitlor

iOscillffiiQfi CirtuitlOsulifltw ft*

ilC 'irtuit ;T- all •:

iLC-CffCuil 1 3!l ■.'

1 IL ■'-"'mi ' 1 »v ';

14 VM'

;<. ''Ml

■ M C,I4

RecC'V^r

öetfcror

.... •***

Lo^ai QK^tata

* A'

U4 »1'

DM-

9 i I1)** 7 m uJ( JR ''airng Iow«r «

5 TOT 2 MmkZ MWII 21 1 ftm. jtf *lrr.-y; i«i.; 1 1 U ' ^ .f. ji» t>"J^* ( .wrrm rtniiar' JBI I S-, SkW ! !0,.. ■ flpC'i I-' -Tljl t >K ■: /l',W ■ .Mt k. QM. * ¥.;

6 ?1 Kai 1 l int. ait truing v&s B I?*«; IV MdllK | -'r.rf VI 1 1* Ill,,; l :.■■: c'. •t'ui ' ;:o ■! , ■'.:* ■;.■*. th '/V Ä K! 1«

7 £\ Koi 2 Ann rjtf »irrvvj 1943 ">fci ( m .* , (M, tap : »* -,u, ■s&ov * re «i :■s« SK if y^* .* »i ■;?c

8 9 194<.

S l-j^ j outffu» far. I:y

2 1*,» -, ■"Tt,: f- :« ' " . ■Ctift

1' U' .■ ■ St*,; Ut. .*«' 7t

10 ZI-Käi S dim uiffoct |<«fiMMt 1944 E, 1944 9 ^*<«»< io.. inr ■ * ■' r* '> i J'J' ■■ -1' - .■ .- , IM ''A '*. «Si JN O1'! 70

1 1 F8 AM> H«« «"*« 194) 10 fc^fc* 3 i«(*»al Far. i^. :i-t. ' 5 M

■jf. " ■, ;-s»ki|'SM, /*ÜC

fc an*

■26

12 Ivp. i»*lrk2 Mo»!-! n io nwfr- «kjrk 2MO«'. a ^^ ! «rtl-luljQH Jif» MMrnl !94; 11 ■ i»s *^*,^-( UW JOn*^ «,« ■^ -/Mr.

14 , AMW«« l%k-2 Model 2 « «a ' Ant. wrfati «Mfinf

??-K|l'Z Afltl iuffoc« *arntrM)

'?Z-t<üi4' Vf. wrjaw ..».i^

1941

*" i9*;

|Q4?

h't?*? iZliur^a« twe $' Mtiim Mut

■■'. !943 », * «w j/i^glw*, :■ iJm'^

'ötrp

? kW ,

'. '"logi»'-'«' -~ ;' , 1*1 1»

1.. ' H

•^c

l5i IK

-|t T<

It ' B imp! W»t- 3 Mod* 1 ^^o ( U'.*fa^ -w* Vhi. I^^ j «rt^««i'fo'» HiM. >ü'.hoi'» "r-. /VÄ '■> 'i.i; ' s Mag''";" v ■■. ; ■- • '« ■.Ma v «" ! "I

19 ' ft«B.t**.3MM«l-i fOSSi Vt. süffw» ;.- ■ .rt-ji t'«4 "«^ ',—. '"^iLi T:» ^W '-r 1 '. "iC'S f-kg-^.^ ■. - 'M ,,Vfl W W : "'. 20 IWrpMvk-iMo«!^

2l'

'SSSj »Wi wf»w (.-» ■.«■.: '%« ? w* 9 ^.»»tuirtjfwf%ii.^b»ninh*,.:iw'*or* -Vw

1

,■ .* '> ii1 S'.oyn..,,,.. 1. 1 H. >-vtQ v ^f ■ ''

2^1 C. Airborn Radars

No Name naüon Oh

j jlypt yik%k6HMll * ^1 H6

2 Wtlu,>fe«.( MM ) Aau FM ',

J^ ft«,,. TOVI^rt IH*.R»« > f )

4 «Mfl«^ Q«M^ L»1t*«-lfT Ff ft

5 hMnanHMi.lMriii 't«a» N >>

6 CSiMf, '««.** 4**l 2 W< »PI

7 ""WBiJUr^H*«. «M >112

8 '»««mH»^« fHMil '.>>«» M« 1

'S**. ! I'l MO

' Ti,

Reswrtn ,, ' , .„n,, „„ hisijmi ft"**»« : .- . , ■/ L. J *mrk> nstallation "" ' ' StartfS 'inishfd ktowwo't. !l*o»j

•Ifti ,' Viktt t kut^w 'jmo. A...-alT 'iaf^tA 'Ml . « -21»

l'>ftk h, 194', 4 *^«4'kW A''J{1 ■fatrWl ik* 2- 2*

llkk fe '9ft' ; ""^j ( 2ft C'*

'3*' 3 »ft* .C kkl ^ kw* 'JVI .V""i' kkk.^" >kk ' ; ft. . k*

I«»! .j^Wk l^^mn-M, to." .■'>•

l>k ft '9*k | ktff«aH '•*-».". ftkH ftd.«» V ' fcfl.kl 2:Vk«

"»ft 9 | '»»5 7 ftdWkM 2» S>»

tkftft M '«ft^ 7 kMvVk^Sknftft 2ft

Ift.':** i 'S* • c ' ft

hi1',«. P^' '''/" '•a-vn Rr nvpr ^.0

OyHlOliO" Cirruil Dsttitot» «w

"... .H-V, Moftu.OlM JV ■«•« " ■'- -. ■; H ■ ^ >o»t Jk »»■ .'C

1 r>'jf. >,

MWt'O'M iv.ii«1B'

1 VML 'tefl i *!"► •«V

M

S04*

\m i»? ^

?B> '■'■^ ^\MM**I1 ^■^nti» '. H tm u« ** n

< <* . WK ■ MMivat« ,^ «tf» " ■■; -, ■■M * Awn ■ ' *■■! ^'^MM K TK«* v» K /'

«•MM ^ QMbol»' ',"*. i .l*> •*■'. - vT Dt

1»4' ' '9*4 ^ «• »W ftk.« j-»» k»-^t fc^ft- .^k- J'' '•'

L*tk k-T-ftft "*W>-k. I W

ft».;4

VIS.i' IM i

b. uOndBused and bhtpbom RüOut "junl.T Mcu'-i'?

Name De^ir) nu'iiyii

Object Rfseorc^

I »01»'

Mwk»1^ 1

ISCM)».

i P ( M ^ ,

C '. M J« .

"■ M I«

»itw "« '*>»! j » - ■ a^S

'uWLi IOTJ»-.ftBr

i 'HI t j -444 il m rt) ...■**♦ w S4Mr<*« 9HK; t* ßn*

, («U ( «M III- M y^JTV i,,r- &03' |twW!i )["'H5 TI^^M) *** ]j|B*^"*j a^' 6M* j

4- T in ..' '4-5**

imt 'T no .; iasowt ^,i ,T J!0 ■! ^ri» UM.

M r m 'i IW 15»

ÄUi^ • i" ■, ::^ .^Mi

»1 r r; ■-. .•■5* J*i

ItuH - V " "««ft ►-»» * 7 -; ii5».um.

il-ljnc ' ■/•■ 2!',*,1B«.

■u ,-.

£» M :i.- *,(«!»•*

b^ M 1!; a

M tu- 1

* tl»

' 14 MM.

Transmi

it» Cirtuit

4 OviHafer

IN OU^IQIW

If VmVm»

Ostto«« ' Receiver

1 D*t«W ,0

' •.- .*,«•: ■ « .«. tu ;

(M 'M liOtJtf

i SCOW R«rt«t>lQtion ; Antenna^ (join ■

IM W

'lit '«5

LjfjW*' T5

'JO ...M«r "kl»»'

-♦-■■-

IK m ' '(•««•')

Mrj> Roniy n—i jCnrprD-h rw,..,.„. „ "^^ w ■ Mi»ntrnofy:f \\^

^0' ■ vt

I

"Saut - 4rrr Nx* o*«n

.1 Ü

JJL

, 3. IM» ' >*«r. """" * 5

- - . if

** ■' '' '^

'««1 't r tm )(r ;■•

MM !

s ■ .v-r ffP* 1 h*f*l'«3P k i.l

..Ml -r» Vwlil.1 *•*'■" **• | il. Vfl..«« **>tl 1«l#-^ • • IHW^J

-f- Uli ,

j til m*t

NO

^*%

RADAR NO. 11

ANTI-AIR WARNING

Corra^pondlng Allied Deaignationi Mark 1 Model 1 Modifioatione 1 and 2,

Teohniol Characterigtloai

f B 100 MC/S. 40 KW. 200 Km. Accuracy» Range, + 1-2 Kmj Arimuth, ♦ 2-8°,

Number Built * 80.

Deeoriptiont

Ntanber Installed * Many

Radar No. 11, which is the navy's abbreviation for Mark 1 Model 1, «as the first of the Japanese radars to be seen by American forces. Early types were captured at Guadalcanal and in the Aleutians. Research was be- gun on it in April 1941 and completed a year later. It corresponds in Jap- anese radar history to the SCR-270 in American. Quite a nunber of than were standing guard on Honshu and Kyushu shores awaiting the anticipated in- vasion of late 1945.

This set is a straightforward 100 MC/s radar, using a 15 kc sine wave base oscillator with demultipliers to establish the prf of 1000. A pair of large transmitting triodes (TR-1601) is used to obtain a 40 kw peak power output in the later models. Display is on a 120 mm A-tube with O-SOO km range scale.

As with many of the Japanese radars, the house containirg the equip- ment supports the antenna mattress array and rotates with it on a circu- lar track. Short transmission lines are obtained by this means as well as no need for troublesome rotary joint«. The antenna itself for the 11-2 and 11-3 models as shown in the block diagram is in two parts, the left half a 3 x 4 array for receiving and the right a 2 x 4 array for trans- mitting. The dipoles are mounted /4 distance in front of the wire mesh reflector.

No. 11 is a very large and cumbersome set primarily designed for fixed installations and although it gave an excellent account of itself, the Japanese found it necessary to develop a nunber of lighter and more readily portable sets for their needs in island to island hopping in the south and souttorest Pacific expansions. These are described in the fol- lowing pages.

3 -

\ i (DiV 1»«^ fi^«1

Ac^J" «••••'' ecim' I

__ r*^ riL I t1^- I—

T» tu, 7.^ I ^ r

i

—I

Klc*'W*v Unit jK.<li'l»f»T {/h''t

«f Ottf»» pr^,,» «rf«^ 0<|tf.v »< («„J*

M- 14 1

«— airr «1

—X—

K- r- »»i a n

—t- »

TV«» iwi^ty Uttij

AVR-

III' E.J, (A, It

-^1

-4

i

\

Type 11 Early TTarning Radar with a ConDÄDding Vie« at Chigasaki.

A Rope Netting Helps Conouflage this Type 11 Antenna at Chigasaki.

Typ« 11 Set (Typo II, Mk 1 Model i Mod if 3) Showing Operator's Table,

- 6

ti'itjittc- ■ ::■•■- aüiitUiSiltf^fenHt^** ■ ■ v :vO^*-r>'^V:J^:-: ^v«'*;

Transmitter of Typ« 11 u8ed Two Parallalled Triodes No. TR.-(So|.

Receiver and Indioator of Type 11

handwheel or Motor Turning of the Antenna is Possible.

- 7 -

\

RADAR NO. 12

PORTABLE AHTI-AIR WARNING

CorraspoDding Allied Deaigaationi Mark 1 Model 2,

Teohnlcal CharaeteristiOBi

f B 200 MC/S. 5 KW. Range 100 km. Acouraoyi Range, +_ 1-2 km; Azimuth, +^5°.

Nuaber Built »= ■' Number Installed » Httn^

Description»

Radar No« 12 was developed as the firet portable set to use in place of the bulky No. 11. Raising the frequency to 200 MC/s greatly reduced the antenna sine as seen on the photographs (to about 14' x 7'). The trans- mitting antenna was placed in the upper bay and an identical receiving an- tenna in the lower bay. In this manner a quite narrow beam of 22° «as pro- jected, less than half that of the No. 11 set. The power output, however, was only 5 kw. Operations people report that this set was one of the least satisfactory of their warning radars with frequent breakdowns and an un- stable transmitter frequency. Nevertiieless many were seen in the Solomons, New Guinea and the Netherlands East Indies, with a few even on the Japanese hose islands as standby equipments.

The circuits and display of the target information follow closely those of No. 11*

It should be noted that the later sets labelled No. 12-Kai (or Modi- fication)^ and 12-Kai-3 are at a lower frequency (150 MC/s) and have quite different antenna structures. In the frequently seen Kai-3 for instance two of the triangular girders used as antennas for Radar No. 13 are mounted side by side at the rear edge of the revolving cabin's roof; one carries the 2x4 transmitting antaana and the other a 2 x 4 receiving antenna. Photos of this set are also shown below.

- 8 -

\

|B\ls<- L«*4tk.-1oyi.S.

; RlMC .-He/»«. i.

A«

7r*Mttal/f<M4 tiUt«HHA H«Wj#i*f«-v \H#vt

I» 7f ts-o iyo i>-c

""^ l_£L__x_—J^ tivn Uwi't

1

^?lll_^^lJ

InJli'cflfov l^wi t Txwtlm'/fty Umt

-9

\

mm-*, *

fjWPf jj»*»#-c«y« uttm

Type 12 Portable Early Warning Radar — Original Design at 200 MC—Chogo«

Later Version (Modification S) of Type 12 Port-

. «■r able Radar which

'Mto •■ norks at 150 MC äi^P'-'' Chogo.

- 10 -

.- .,^-~ >-:-;i--Kii.=i,,-Li-:i...-7^-..;,-j::v-^>;-3,f^^i;',-

t

\

1

Transmitter for

Type 12, Modifioation 3

(200 MC).

Recsiwr and Indicator for Type 12 Sete«

- 11 -

RADAR KP. IS

SMALL SIZE AHTI-AIR WABNIKG - FOR UMDt SHIPS, AKD SÜEMARIKES

Correspopding Allled Dasignationt Mark 1 Model 5.

Tgehaieal Charaoteriaticst

f » 150 MC/S. 10 KW« Range 100 KBU Acouracyi Range, ♦ 2-5 önj Atiaiuth,' 10°.

Number Built « 1500. MUnber Installed » rtcm^

Pesoription>

This is a snail sized land radar operating at 150 MC/S which found ■wide use throughout the Pacific islands where a light and easily trans- ported equipment was needed* In many land installations a single tri- angular cross-section girder was erected carrying a 2 x 4 element array backed by an identical reflector array. (This is one-half of the antenna used in the No. 12-Kal-3 set seen on a previous page.) For installation on a ship or small vessel the more rugged mechanical construction shown in one of the photos below is used. This is also suitable for land in- stallations.

A very elementary circuit is used, the transmitter being pulsed by a 500 cps sine wave oscillator. A single A-type display has scales read- ing 0-150 km and 150-300 km. Since a single antenna is used for both transmitting and receiving a gas discharge "valve" is placed across the receiver transmission line to protect that unit from the heavy transmitter pulse. The antenna atlmuth is indioaved to iiie operator by a selsyn driveB dial at the set.

The No. 13 sets were considered highly satisfactory by operating personnel.

12 -

■( ;-^.,SM;.>&r.,iV,-:-i-..->*-..;.'-...-, ..,, .■■»"■ 1V-;:-^;:/\jw:v:vw-^i!il.UM»rtl:rB6«B

V

\

ROLUI Mold 3-\Z

few«» OiU^tU ; ( 6 'iir

PMIU L«intA.-' JO/-»

/ I \ PA«««.

j-l'-I DC It*»*

r-L-iiA <»t,HU cut .pW.,«»4 . MT

Tr

11^*0.?:'^^', r

-13-

I I IK V - 11»" ^r

A Type IS Aatenna Suited for Ship Installa- tion*

<m*mmm

(For land com- monly use OXM triangular cross« section girder for support).

(Chogo)

&m%?mi.

Type IS Equipment - Note Small Size of Components«

- 1L -

I ( i

I .-vJjrJÄ^.KW-'Äitia's^spaai.» täJBJMHWBWiaweMWBWWilWaitM

\

Type 13 Equipment with Covers Removed.

- 15 -

} RADAR MD. llK

MEBTÜM SIZE ANTI*AIR WARHIHG - LAKD BASED

V.

\i Correepondlag Alll««i DB«lgtmtloni Type S Itorlc 1 Model 1«

Teohnie»! Chareotertetloat

f • 150 m/s* 10 EW. Range« 150 ka. Aceumcyi Range» ♦ 2-8 km; Aeijnuth, ♦ 5°.

Ntmber Bullt ■ 60 (?) Kunber Installed • few

DaacriptioPt

Radar llK was a relatively recent attempt to solve the aircraft warning problem at locations where the large No. 11 radar could not readily be installed, and yet give better range than either the No. 12 or 15 sets. It was designed for easy installation and nass production. However, it got into the field fairly late and not too many were in- stalled by the tine the war ended. Several were used in the Nansei Shoto islands (Okinawa group) including one at Minami Daito Shima.

The components are principally drawn from those used in other sets. No. 12 contributing the transmitter (with higher power tubes) and the receiver*

- 16

Model 11 k (Model 11 Simpli- fied)

Chogo

Receiver and Indicator for Type Ilk.

- 17 -

Test Equipment and Azimuth Indicator for Type Ilk Radar.

- 16 -

M RADIO DETECTOR NO. 14

LONG RANGE ANTI-AIR WARNING

Correapoadlng Allied DeBlgpatlom ——

Techaieal Charaeterigtiosi

f - 50 MC/S. 100 KIT. Sauge 450 On. Aoouracyt Range ♦ 5 Kin; Azimuth, ♦ 3-4°.

Number Built » 20 planned, 7 built. Number Installed » S.

Da script!oni

During the winter of 1944-45 the E-29 raids on the Japanese homeland began to mount in intensity. The navy was unabla to pick them up con- sistently at long distances. A new long wave (6 meter), very high power (100 kw) set was quickly designed, Feb to Kay 1945, and the first equip- ments were crash manufactured by Tokyo Shibaura in 3 weeksl One set was installed at Cape Iro-Zaki near Shlaioda, another at Toi-misaki on the very southeast tip of Kyushu and a third at Shioncmisake near Osaka. Detection of approaching B-298 at distances greater than 300 km was reported.

The antenna is a large rotatable structure antennas. Belcw is given a rough sketch of its no rotary r.f. joint, Ä fixed cable being used and forth at a rate of 180 per minute but does circuits were used, the display being A-type on Fange is accurately determined by means of a se ping below the scope's base line, Prf was set oillator.

bearing an an«y of 2 Yagi construction. There is

, so antenna is swung back not rotate» Very eimpla a 120 nun cathode ray tube,

ries of marker pips drop- by a 250 cps master os-

//oa/Z

//jXrZ A/c//

- 19 -

(

\

Ridlo Detector No. 14

/or LOAD R*.nge.

Power Output ; looKtl Pude Leng-rh ; 20/-'•'■

, (Btarine t3~40

Accuracy 1 ö

X*6,

AHTtNNAEWPMEMT

■20-

1 (

\

RADAR NO. 21

AKTI-AIB WARKISS - SHIPBORME

Correspondlag Alllad Dealgnationt Mark 4 Model 2, sevflral modifioation«,

T^ohnloal Charaoteriatlosi

f m 200 MC/S. 5 KW. Range, 100 km. Accuracyj Range, * 1-2 kta; Azimuth, ♦ 5°.

Munber Built » 250 (?) Numbar Installed » ?

Daaoription»

The 21 set utilises the same equipment as the No, 12 200 MC/S set originally built for land use, but with a different antenna. Several antennas were used, the last one on Kai (Modification)-2 being shown in the photo below. This antenna is aaall and rugged and is designed to be installed on the top of the ships foremast.

if

iBit1 ';« il I««» IK ■ SBiiK'.ä ;«:! ri

_~**mm$

Type 21 Antenna for Ship Installation»

- 71

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fO»r * Type 2!**

Üi«.t|>Ht f««»« : sfc«

fwis«. Lttijtk; ««ASi.

AntetlM«.. rt^ P.#^

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Jmtri.a'fev Uwi't 7r»w»K'^'«>' ^<i''t

in«^ '»i'l s»tr3

-£2 -

I

RADAR NO. 22

\

ANTI-SURFACE 'EARNING FX)R SEIF ÜST

Correspondipg Allied Dqsigpatloni Mark 2 Model 2, Modifications 2-5-4.

Technical Charaote'-isties»

Wavelength ^ 10 cm. 2 Kw, Range 25 Kin against battleship. Accuracy» Range, + 100-250 M; Atimuth, + 2-3°.

Nvmber Built ■» 500. Number Installed = Large Number■

Description»

Shipboii:e warning radar No. 22 appears to have been one of the most satisfactory equipments used by the Japanese navy. Large numbers were installed. Research began on üiis 10 cm set in October 1941 and the equip- ment went through numerous modifications and improvements during the fol- lowing 3 or 4 years'. A pair of small horns, one for transmitting and one for receiving, and mounted to rotate on a base in such a way as to always point in the same direction at once, provide a sinple and rugged antenna structure without need for the loss inherent in the T-R tube arrangement. The set is very heavy being comprised of more than a dozen components as follows»

Transmitter parts»

Receiver parts»

Transmitter Cooler Puls« Modui tor Rectifier Control Box

Receiver Control Box

Indicator parts» Synchroniser Range Unit Indicator for warning Rectifier

Radiator parts» Wave guide Transmittinf: iiorn Receiving born

The transmitter is powered by an I/-312 magnetror, the anode being water cooled by a motor driven pump. Peak power is approximataly 2 kw, with 11000 volts applied to the magnotron. A blocking oscillator pro- vides the 10 microsecond keying pulr.c at a rate of 2500 per second con- trolled by a tuning fork. The receU<r is a supprhetprodyne with crystal detector and magnetron !.'-fO' local OBcillet^. The Intermeiiate FYequency is 14.5 mc, the total receiver gain amour ting to 120 db.

TYPE 22 ,/r

Ourivr IKT

fw.5e if «*7>i /•>»•«

tUttmf tX-*3 -J v^ t/in Quite «7J4

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i A ♦

^ [^ /^ ('H-i

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^^ McJ ^-^ vlS2> «.^. MSj,

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<Z> 0>- {!> <!> * * * StUmum

KuT.

TtUfc Twit

C;

r\ r. r. f.l.tyrf. Ml-Uft. A*U>lt^

' CONTROL Box

(t>^o:eo , #

CONSTANT VOLTAQtE RtCTIflER

~ ItlDtCATlNGr

'O' I)

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w* m. f-SH *ȣ *!

A" ^ A: ,

CONTROL ftoy

■.e-TiMfcStfcfttf^«*^ ■-rtHCV«/,,.- ^«fi?VfciV is-:^^:.^^ . .V »>*

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:^ Th« display is on two Typ« A etthod« ray tubas. OM tubs oallsd th«

"Indicator for Warning" «hows all targst eehoss up to 60 tan, «1th ring« pips appearing «very 5 km* A 5 microsecond rang« puls« is Bovsd along as th« rang« crank is turn«d. Th« second, or "Rang« Operator's", soap« giT«s an expanded view of about 1000 meters of the range as Mlsotad by th« rang« crank. A magnifying glass in front of the scop« gives it a «is« «quivalent to a 5" tub«. The true range it read on a dial «hen th« target pip's leading edge is set Just eren with a vertical line insoribsd up th« fao« of the scope«

Detailed Schematic diagrams of the No. 22 set are Inoltidad la ii«^ ^^ p«ndix II. .. .^ j,,.;. .£ ;.: 1

,'..,„:

r I A somewhat simplified version of th« No. 22 set oallad lledifloation-S

is installed on the conning tower of sulnarlnes} it uses two hotm sounted side by side as shown in on« of the photos below. Presentation is of th« A-type on a single 75 mm scope» Bunge fron a subnarine is about 10 km on a battleship.

?5

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Row of No. 22 Shipborne s«ts Installed in Huts for Training at Navy School—Chogo»

Synohroniwr for Type 22 Radar.

- 26 -

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i •

KM

Shipbome 10 om ßadar No. 22 for Surface Search.

Identification of Unitst

In foregroundt Antenna turning motor. under bench, left to righti Antenna control handle«.

Rectifier, On bench, left to righti Receiver, Indicator for Warning,

Receiver control panel. Transmitter, Transmitter Control Panel,

On wallt Aotenna azimuth indicator.

(Remainder of No. 22 bench set up shown CD next page)

- 27 -

{

\

«I

Shipborne 1C cm Radar No. 22 Surface Search.

Ideptification of Unitat

Under benchi Rectifier.

On Beach» Range Unit, Monitoring A-scope, lest Equipment.

To Right of Bencht Power Rectifier.

(Remainder of No» 22 bench set up shown on preceding page)

- 23 -

r^Wi^riTi^^ffimiHi^iWiHfw«^ J<nTnr><jgimfair.i itf^ir^.cJtt^%—^—wwn.^

\

Transaittar for No* 22 Radar« Showing Saar of W«tar Cooled Magnetron.

Transmitter Control Panel - Radar No. 22,

- 29 -

k 8

Cooling Water Pump for Magnatron»

Pulse Modulator - Type 22 Radar.

30 -

■M&*sM»!ie^t^m'»Vtt»iii\itt»m.*niiV'i —imiwwiiiu m. 'I'liiwiaai—■■—

\

\

Power Rectifier for Type 22 Eadar.

Reotifier for Receiver and Indicator - Type 22 Radart

- 31

\

"Constant Voltage" Apparatus - No. 22 Radar.

Constant Voltage Control Panel*

- 32 -

\

^

Raoeiver Unit for Typ» 22 Bedar*

Receiver Control Panel - Type 22 Radar.

- 33 -

t

^

ladioator for

Waning

Typ« 22 Shipbome Radar*

Range Unit - Type 22 Radar.

- 34 -

(

Anteum for 10 cm Radar No. 22 - Kal-3 for Sutanarice Installation*

No. 22 - Kai-3 Set for Submarin« Use.

- K -

I HH3

\i AIHBOHKE PAIBOL AND SEARCH - URGE FLAKES

Correipondlag Allied D««igafttioai ——

Taohnioal ChftraotariaticBt

f ■ 150 MC/s. 5 KW. Range 60 mile« for a large ekip. Acouracyt Range, ♦ Sfa; Azijnuth, ♦ 5°.

Kumber Built • 2000f Nanber Installed * Many

Deacrlptioai

Thie was the first Japanese navy airborne radar and, lik« the anny'e Taki-1, oould uee any one of three antennae at will, giving it both search and homing abilities. This equipment gave very satisfactory searoh ser- vio« as long as high definition was unnecessary*

- 36-

Block Diagram of the Sadtodeteotor

type' of the "H-6

doublet belli antenna

Indicator 120iom 3r««n tube

itk out put; about Ji-*

freijueacy: i50BO (2M)

false length; about ID mio. »ef-nd

range: about Co miles for o big ahlp

»oouraoy. «bout +5J»

double

^ Ilr.erJr scale scale rflxirje

I So ÜB

W

1000 cycles >-~^ amp.

tJT-76) -UCO TOlt»

rrrrmri lie volts n_r: cycles

4 Recelrer

X\ tube auper-heterodyut

"if-93 H. K Biij-lirier X

I

1st Detl

-954- .WJ^o"

f \ I.f. lOoc

1 5 «&p.

/*"\ BbOJt ! n.:-2io^A -,c dt i

1 I

n;^ao\* I

Transmitter

self-tlccklr.g J) push-pull

I S s i s N synotonlslng _ 1 ', I 1 Impulst

I ^n ,

n.-(2Ar'r,/

FMrPACJl -J Del,

A "jv^i^'i a

ra-o^ii 1000 cycle sine »are 0/

TO1tage 80OO TOlts repulstor \ '^ .•">. Tseien »'

JL V)0 T>lts I |lli: »oita

«reif '.'-.» se i ph

i I

tl2V

37

I ■^^^Sm^sm^^'!^^.-.-^'!.^

FK-S

PATROL AND SEARCH - ffltALL PUNES

Correeponding Allied Dasignatloni —-

TaohBical Characteristice»

f » 150 Mc/s« 2 KW. Range 30 miles against a large ehip. Accuracy» Range + 5%i Azimuth, * 3°»

Number Built » 200 Number Installed » A lew; none used in combat.

Descriptiont

FK-S was developed from the original airborne ijearch set 11-6, and is considerably lighter and smaller making it suitable for smaller aircraft. It weighs only 40 kg. Two scopes in parallel are provided so that both observer and pibt can keep watch for targets.

The production models of this set began to appear in ^he middle of 1945; the job from research and specifications to final manufactured product took but 8 months I

Bench Installation of rK-3 Radar - 2d Üaval Technical Institute - Kanazaw*(

38

\ of tne i««<li(xt8l«etor ^«^^^3^

out put po~e;: «Mut 2ä»

fr«iiu«ioyi 150-iC

puls* length: about 10 aloro second

range: about 30 alle« for ■ big abtv Ti

L«o^uraoy! +5< a Folded döblet spt.

isperr-topf sperr-topf

y r> —d]

dltobarge tub«

! Heoeiver lltube »upcsr-heterodyne

H.F. 2 aapllfler '

L.O.

Transmitter

^-rf ) aelfblortUü« *t^3> ^2^ pu«h-puU

^■1954 1

nNi954

\&~ © —

3ub-lr\d!c"tor

75 r313

rows tube

'JN-554 ON-9^5

♦ i -■ '

™*z*vp* 5 Raj,,

»bü'Jt HCdb

^-> i •"1

«yiicIonizing, Isjjulse

(SORA] rl J

^J ^ 1000 oycie i sine w«Te .

nr i

'soM

Video amp.

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Q i i -»jfa.is**5* ■ l - - -i

'vy 2nd Det.

n;-2Ao5*

\_y Tldeo irnp. j

n:-M0!>*

-39-

>5000 TOlt« I ; J J

f aelea

rsnnnrmn

■'■■- . (/-

1 pbae» 11t Tolte 400 «xelec

v. N-6

\ ' AIRßORME PATROL AMD SEARCH « SMALL FLAMES

Corr«8popding Allied Designation! ——-

T<chaic>l Charaotqristicsi

f • 250 MC/S. 2 KW. Range, 40 Km against large ships. Accur*cyt Range, <• 5%; Aziiruth, ♦ S «

NunbT Euilt »20. Nuaber Installed «» 0»

Deaoriptiont

This set «as designed for small patrol and search planes and used a nose Yagi antenna with doublets on either side of the fuselage. Eo*»mr, difficulty arose in the r.f, receiving end of the set and research on it «as discontinued.

- m- -

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RADAR FOR SMALL PATROL PLANE USB (N$

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F>>, "(j«o5y*-

PotvC Outsat

]_4cc u rax.y

Sw/Zi/i flox ■^1

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Discharqe tube.

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J M4JtJC.

20ltm [er a oU*Curyer

sror DC \^

nroc

-41-

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FK-4

PATROL ^:D SEARCE - LARGE FUMES

Corresponding Alliad DeslgnatioPt ——

Tachnical Characteristics»

f ■ 150 MC/S. 20 KW. Range 150 Km against a large ship. Accuracy: Range, + 8f,; Asimuth, + 5°.

^

Number Built « 0. Number Installed » 0.

Description»

This was to have been a 1 y^a powered patrol and search set tor large airplanes. However experimental work on the prototype was stopped in July 1945 because of air raids. A choice of any one of 2 antennas for trans- mit ting- receiving is available. Two scopes, one for the pilot and one for ine radar observer, are provided.

- U?

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RADAfi NO. 51

PATHFIMDBH

Correapopding Allied DsaignatioDi —-

Tqohnical Characteristiest

Wavelength 10 cm. 6 KIT. Range 20 Km. PRF « 600/sec. Pulse width * 1*5 ps. Transmitter Tub«» Magnetron, M-314, 4 cavity electrooagnet of 1200 gausses. Antenna Rotation 1 per sec. Weight m 250 kg.

Number Built » 2 or 3. Number Installed » 1 for testing.

Desoriptioni

The Pathfinder, No. 51, is the Japanese navy's counterpart of the American ASG and SCR-717B. It is a 10 centimeter, magnetron powered set with a north stabilized 150 mm PPI oscilloscope tube. Arrangement is made for a lubber line to shew the heading of the plane at any instant. A second A-display scope reads altitude.

Elaborate silver plated plumbing is used to connect the transmitter and receiver to the main transr.iseion line. A cartridge type crystal, inserted in this complex is the first detector for the superheterodyne receiver which has a 9 tube IF amplifier at 14 üc/sj a T-R tube protects the receiver. A small M-60S magnetron is used as the local oscillator. The antenna as seen in the photos is a parabola clipped at top and bottom and carries a folded antenna with parasitic reflector in front of it. Power is supplied by a 25 v dc dynamotor furnishing 1500 watts of 100 cycle AC at 105 volts.

Preliminary flight results shewed that shorelines could be distin- guished at 20 km. No ships were seen except from a land based installa- tion of No. 51 at the Kanazawa laboratories.

An interesting sidelight on this set arises from the statement madp by navy officers at the 2d Naval Technical Institute that the system characteristics for the No. 51 radar had cone from Germany where the equipment was known as the "Rotterdam Gerate." It is believed that th« Information was obtained from an early Vodel of H2s equipment carried by a British plane forcad down ovor Rotterdam in the early days of the European War»

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No. si

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K&cewM'

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i

43

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Thla ioformtloo «as r«n-iT«d la Jap*& in 1944* Th« navy asked tti« 2d Tcohuical Inatitute to naka suoh as equipncnt for than. AD atttapt «at first sad« to modify Urn shipboro« No* 22 set but not T#ry suoesssfully« A model of the present 51 design was ccapleted in February 19(5, and test flown in July at Uisawa airfield. It was reportedly oomplately destroyed in the 9-10 August air raids*

Circuit schematics of the No. 51 set are included in Appendix II of this Survey.*

*The bench model of the No, 51 at the NRTBI Technical Institute is being shipped to the U.S. by the Air Technical Intelligence Group, Far East Air Forces. A manual of operation will also be a-railablo through this unit»

u'>

J

1 ■^

No. 51 - Ilavys "Path find er" - 10 CM Airborne Search Radar - Keguro Park.

Detail of Transmitter - Showing ?:lectronapiet with yat^netron Inserted Axially.

Ul

,'

\

Cut Parmboloid R«fl«otor with Folded Dipol« Antenna and Reflector; and Rotary Joint of Airborne Set No. 51*

High Frequency "Plumbing;" and 40C CYCU rHmamotor for No. 51 Set.

- IS -

L-2 AND L-S

\. 1 SEARCHLIGHT CONTROL

Corresponding Alli«d Designationi Kark 4 Kodel 3.

Technichl CharacteriBtioai

f » 200 MC/S. L-2| 10 QT. Range 15 Eta. L-5i 13 KW. Range 20 on.

Acouracyi Range, L-2, ♦ 150 Ji; Atimuth, ■♦■ 1.5°. Range, L-3, 7 100 Ui Atimuth, ♦ 1,60.

Iftaaber Built • L-^Bi 170 Nunber Installed • wony 1^3«61 70 s p€yj

Descriptiont

The L-3 sät so closely reeembles the L-2 that it is difficult at first glance to tell thea apart. The L-S has slightly higher power and oonee- quently improved range and is provided with an additional cathode ray tuba with expanded range scale. The transmitter consist« of a pair cf Yagi ar- rays mounted on a turntable. The receiving antenna is mounted ma a frame- work fastened to the light itself perhaps 50 yprds distant from -tiie trans- mitter. It consists of 4 geparate Yagi antennas. The signals peoeived by them are switched from one to ihe other in rapid sequence. The compariaon of strengths of ':he8e sipials then gives a means for determining which direction to movo the light to get on target. An operator at the receiver hut watches an A-scope on which all target echoes show up to 20 km. He moves by means of a hand crank range knob a bright spot along the axis until it coincides with tiie left edge of a target eoho. All targets ap- pearing to the right of thA« spot for a range of 1000 meters are gated over to the vector display at the tranaoitting station, (in the L-3 model this same 1000 yards is displayed in expanded form across the face of a second A-scope by means of which the operator can obtain more accurate range estimates. This expanded scope is not supplied in the L-2 set») The operator who rides around wi'th the mount has control over the rotary motion by means of a pair of handle grips; he can by the same controls alter the elevation angle of the antenna. The rider is supplied with a 75 mn cathode ray tube on which a vector type of display show him which way to move the antenna for exact centering. If the target is exactly oenterec a small bright spot only shews in the center of liie scope. If the target is higher than the antenna axis a bright line an the scope extendu upwards from the center spot. Likewise a line shows to the right If the antenna is off center left. Errors in both elevation and ailmuth produce a sloping line pointing from the center spot in exactly the direction the antenna should be moved to getf*on target»" Hence the name vector presentatioc The rider also has e pair of -20 power 120 mm ob>ctive lens fielfl glasses through which he spots the planes visually whenever possible. The searchlight is connected to the traaanitter twrr- tabl« by selsyns and follows automatioally the movements of the tranamit- ting antenna so that when the transmitting antenna is "On Targat" the

- W -

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Ir Tmit*-<.ktnj9i

iCrTr*

2*>'i

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IHM ;,*'"•,"

I V|,sc

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4

4.

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55' "'

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Select Of ''"'* »-^ |^

] 4 5»T

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fn»!

vri»

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Bw''j ifi tf/tlt I

50-

1 '•%

tii« eaarohli^it Is also On Target.

v | The Sumitotto Con^any manufaottired about 7o of th« 1>5 «qulp- \| menta, but nearly 60 of them «ere destroyed is the factory by bonblnga.

- Only a few of thie latest model actually saw use.

- 51 -

V

An Op«i»tor rid«» around oo thi* tuntablt which o*rri«a tte ADttntMi and tht trannittsr of

Four Mts of Aotannaa wt mouD^ad OS ths SMtrehlight fr«»«! by «qualitijsg th« ■igmlt froa oppoiitt aotiiua« til« light it h«ld •On Targ«tB

- 52 -

'-;^*-;*--.-%^^:"

1 I (

8-^ - (or TTPE 41)

ASTI'AIBCiUFT FIRE COMTBDL

Contipccding Alli«<i DtBiytlePt Marie 4 Modal 1,

T«ohBle>l Ch>r*otTlgtloa t

f • 200 MC/S. IS Hi. 20 Ek. Aeouraoyi Rang«, ♦ 100 M; Asisuth, ♦ 1°.

Hunter Built m 80» »a»b«r lostalled »Numerous

D««oriptioBt

This «quipMnt is a clos« copy of tii« Amerioar SCR-268. Is May 1912 th« Japan«s« oaptur«d a "268" at Corragidor. "BsMarch" on th« S-5 it indicated by th« Japan««« na-ry laboratory a« baring b«gun in Augu«t 1942, and «as ecnplstsd a year lat«r.

Diffisulti«« in aanufaotur« aros« which held down production at th« Suaitono company to 5 p«r month. Mcr«oT«r in the field it wa« found to b« a *oat difficult and ooaplio*t«d aet to maintain. This led to the davelopnent of other acre satiafactory type a of S/L and AA control radars« Pour scopes are used, ar. A-type range scope sheering all targets on th« seal« to /Sb ka, a s^Xeotor «cope on which a particular target is chosen, and two pip matching scope«, one for axinuth and one for elevation center- ing«

53

/

i

\ TYPE 4-1 (63)

a>ut

"F Mc

öo2.' I W

L_.

34i.

/ji. /ur-i /uA /u|\

/^^vec Ouipui

Frequency

Puke length.

Range AccarAcy Rtnqt i

1 un \ /UN\ ./US^ /UM^

/uifx, ^5?\ /UIN ATIA

j- Jj^wt: JI

limit.

^Ill)

/ 3 A »'

2 Q k >»<

Mechtmc«! c*m(suttr -, (M»»—«I),,

,S«isyns, /Selsy^j lltottr V w«ter '

\

S-3 Navy Fire Control Radar — Similar to Anßrican SCR-268 — Chogo»

D«tail of Antenna, S-S Radar — Chigasaki.

- 55 -

\

Rear View of S-3 Radar — Chogo.

Equipment Compartments Opened, Showing Easy Aooess for Kaiotenance — S-S.

- 56-

""%■■

V S»28

AHTI-AIRCRAFT FIRE CONTROL

Corragponding Allied Deaigaatloct Mark 4 Model 2«

Teohalo&l Charaotarlsticsi (aame as L-2)

f . 200 MC/S. 10 Kff. Rang« ^ 15 Km. Accuracy» Range, + 160 M; Aiünuth, + 1»60; elevation, ♦ 1.50»

i'jumbör Built «20. Number Installed B 0.

Da scription»

The S-23 was a stopgap set built to use until the S-24 would be ready* It used the equipment from the L-2, with a simple array antenna. The whole set was mounted on the turntable formerly used for their acoustical de- tectors. Range and accuracy were about the- same as the S/L sets, which were not good enough for AA firing. The S-24 was finished almost as soon as the S-23» the latter then was obsolete before it was used.

V

N

First J»pftnoae Navy Fir« Control Radar S-25 Adapted from L-2 Searchlight Controller»

'N

Equipnent detail of the S-23 radtr.

- 58 -

\ t *...

\

■'■%

S-84

ASTI-AIRCRAfT FIRE CONTROL

Corr<«pondlag Allied DeBlgD>tloni Mark 4 Model 2, Modifioation 2*

Ttohnlcal Char>otTi«tio«i

f • 200 MC/s. 15 Kir* Range 20 Kto. Aoouraoyi Range, ♦ 50 II; Aelaiuth, ♦ 1°.

Htanber Built • 80«

DeaoriptioPi

Number Inetalled * About 60.

While the S-S (SCR-268 oopy) «as undergoing "research", another set to do Uie «a» fire oontrol Job, the S-24, w\6 undar development. This appears to have been an adaptation of a British SLC model. It turned out to be both more accurate than S-S and considerably easier to maintain*

The ^resentatico is by means of four cathode ray tubes. One is a range tube -with all returning echoes showing and a rough seal« below the base line with range marker rips. Another range tube has a magnified horizontal scale so that a range marker can be placed accurately against the returned signal. This act also gates the pulse over to the azimuth and elevation pip matching scopes, «here operators attempt to stay on target by pip matching*

- 59 -

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A-f b.«

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Äirfi sfr ^LLL

-60-

S-24, Navys Latest (In Use) Land Basad Antiaircraft Fire Control Badar — Chogo«

Rtoeivir and Indicator Equif»entt S-24. The opera ton and equipment ride around on a turn table Inelde the hut»

- 61 -

:*%

Detail of Antenna of S-24 Radar.

Lobing Switch and Motor Located on Back

of S-24 Antenna»

- 62 -

1

KAMA 61 (or S8B)

FOR ALTITUDE MEASUBEMENT

Correaponciicg Allied DegigDationt —-

Techniol Charaottriatiosi

f • 500 MC/S. 10 KIT. Range 50 Knu Acouraoyi Rang«, ♦ 200 M; Azimith, + O.S0» Elevation, ♦ 0.6°.

Nunber Built ■ S* Number Installed • 0.

DeaoriptioDi

Originally a 58 oa set known as S-8 was designed for a shipboard lo- oatorj honever it did not prove superior to the No. 22 equipment already in use so the plans were altered slightly and No. 61 was devised to fill the need for measuring airplane heights from the ground.

It appears to be a rough Japanese-made copy of the German Wurzburg. It has the sane r.f. frequency of 50C MC/S. The paraboloid antenna is 7 asters in diameter and puts out a 4° beam from an offset dipole which is rotated at 1100 rpm to give lobing in both horizontal and vertical directions« The display is on 4 cathode ray tubes; one is an observer's tube which shows all the targets on an A-type scope with 186 km rangej ■oother reads range to the target desired and gates the target pip for viewing is split form and height matching on the azimuth and vertical angle scopes. A commutator on the dipole rotating motor shaft is used tr switch the video sigoals to the proper scope deflection plates. The ■gate* used here, however, is quite large being some 10 loo long so that oooaiicoally several targets may be included at one time. To care for this contingency the azl..ath and elevation operators can push a button ifcioh collapses the spread in their otherwise split presentation. This calls the attention of the selector operator who then puts a •black spot" on the particular target desired. When this is done the pip to be spread and matched is exactly centered on the azimuth and elevation scopes.

With this equipment it would be difficult to search for targets so it is used in oonjunction with a longer wavelength set (such as Radar Ho. 65) until the lütter has selected a special target for No. 61. In GCI practice the No. 61 set would be put on the enemy fighter for close tracking, while Set No. 62 would track the friendly fighter.

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-64-

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Kama 61 Antenna - Head on View - Chigasaki,

Detail of Box Housing Offset Rotating Dipole,

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gMg 61 Radar for Tracking Enemy Plants (500 MC/S) Resembles German Wurrburg

Chigaoaki

Transmitter Close up from Below - Hsoa 61.

- 66 -

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TffZ 32-(or 106S2) AND 31

AMTI'SÖRFACB FIHE COHTROL FOR SHIPS

Corraapondlag Allied Deaignatloni —-

Techaloal CharaotTiBtioat

Wavelength * lo cm. 2 KIT* Range 36 Kin against battleship» Aoouraoyi Range, + 100 U; Azimuth, + 1/2 •

Ntmbar Built »60. Number Installed ■ 0.

Desorlptiom

This is a simple modification of the No» 22 shipborne 10 cm search set, in «hioh the receiver is alternately switched to each of a pair of rsoeiving horns with slightly diverging axes» This produces a pair of lobes with about 6° spread» The received signal pips are matched in mag- nitude on a suitable "Bearing" cathode ray tube to obtain an azimuth ac- curacy in the order of + l/2 . A variety of horns have been tried, sons round and some square £n cross-suction., soma long and some short»

In order to it crease the azimuthal accuracy a paraboloid reflector with a dipole moved rapidly horizontally was being experimented with on the No» 32 sat at the navy's test station at Tsu^tishima on the eastern outskirts of Tokyo» Photos of this trial installation are also shown» It was designated as set No. SI»

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Operators Position in Ho. 32 S«t Shown Abo-re«

- 69 -

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Rear View of No. 82 Fir« Control Set Shoving Hon and Wave Guide Con- struction •

Detail of Lobe Switch on Receiving Antennae of Radar No* 52»

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- 71 -

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FD2 RADA*

Hlgg FIGHTER

Corre«ponding Allied Dttlgcatloan ——

Teohnicfcl CharaoterlatleBi

f » 500 MC/S. 2.5 EW, Range 3 Eta against nadiiai-sixed aircraft. Accuracyt Rang«, ♦ G^j Asimuth, + 0.5°.

Htabcr Built » 100*

DasoriptioPi

number Installed • tfOMe ^ cr^eAr

FD-2 was developed from FD-l a ISO Mc/s patrol sot which upon test in 1948 by the navy «as found to have inadequate range, and «as therefore not accepted for use. Although FD-2 gave ranges of 3 km against other planes, and 10 km against ships it too was found not to have sufficient range.

This set uses a set of 4 forward looking Yagi antennas, one pair for sending and one pair for receiving. Horitontal lobe switohisg is done within each pair and synchroniz'vd between pairs by means of a motor operated mechanical switch. A CRT display showing range of the target and the de- gree of azimuthal homing on it is used; this is very similar to the display used in the American SCR-521.

The notation FD-2 is a local designation given by tiie 2d Naval Tech- nical Institut« during its development. The "F" comes from the Geman word "flutteig* or to fly, and *D" comes from its decimeter wavelength.

The Meguro Park Laboratory model of the FD-2 is beine returned to the United States by the Air Technical intelligence Group, Far East ^Ir Forces.

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FD-2 Night Fighter Kadarj Bench Installation at Navy Laboratory, Ueguro Park, Tokyo«

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Antenna Switch for FD-2 with One of the 4 Antennai Showing.

- 74 -

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GYOKU 8

NIGHT FIGHTER

Corrgapondlng Alli<d Deglyationt —-

Tachaloal Characterigtioar

f ■ 150 UC/S* 3 KW. Range 4.5 Km against a nediuDi-eitod plane. Accuracy» Range, ♦ 5%i Aeimuth, ■♦• 5 .

Number Riilt ■ 10.

Deacriptlon»

Number Installed » A few.

Gyoku-S is a newly completed Japanese navy night fighter set operat- ing at 150 MC/s. A specially constructed antenna making use of direction finder technique produces a conical scan in a forward direction* The radiating elements which are mounted, axis coincident with that of the plane, do not move. The pick up coil leading to the 2 pairs of dipoles is fed in such a manner by a rotating coil that the pair of lobes they generate rotates about the axis of the plane much as the propeller does« This pattern is shown in the sketch below in the "Front" view, as on« faces the plane« Superimposed on this rotating field is a fixed doughnut shaped field created by the so-called^antenna. The addition of the two fields produces a rotating cardioid« The corresponding side view of the patterns are shown in each case.

The lobe created in this fashion is very broad as indicated by the low. antenna gain of 2.5 to 3«0 db. It is rotated at 900 rpm by a motor driving the feeding goniomater coil. A coverage of about 140° in front of th« plane is obtained« The image on the selsyn synchronised ppi screen of course is very broad, giving a discrimination at best of about 5°. The designers were very insistent that such a broad beam was neces- sary in order to be sure of picking up any plane ahead of the night fighter.

Daytime flight tests at Yokasuka Naval Base showed a range of 4«5 km on a medium type plane as target. No night or blind interceptions were attempted.

The name Gyoku is a naval laboratory name derived from Gyoku-sai, meaning "all suicide."

-75 -

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tu« Ltrw TOP view af THE AnntM/i Sfmris

PJDER GYOKU J I RtQOEKtt IS O Hty«K.

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HAMA 62

FRIENDLY AIRCRAFT LOCATOR - LAND BASED

CorraipondlPR Allied Daaignfttloat —-

Tgehniatl Charaotarlatioai

flaT«length 2 M. 10 KW. Rang« ISO Bn« Aoouraoyt Range, + 0*8 TSmt Aslouth, +_ 0.40*

Number Built ■ /^■>v Nwiber Installed • M>r ykr 6/JSO

Deaoriptiont

Radar No« 62 is a ground GCI set for installation near fighter air- fieldaj its function is to accurately deteradne tiie location of the friend- ly fighter plane. The friendly fighter is equipped with an M-15 navy IFF set with its controls set to respond to one frequency and retransmit at a slightly different one. The No. 62 transmitter can send at any spot fre- quency in the range 150 mc ♦ 5 MC/s to correspond with the IFF setting. The ground receiver is then^tuned to the retransmit frequency (slightly off its own transmitter frequency). This eliminates ground echo retun»« and brings in only the desired fighter plane. Flat plates are used for the No. 62 antenna dipoles to permit efficient radiation over the re- quired frequency band.

A range scope and an asimuth pip matching scope comprise the display. A motor driver lobe switch is located just behind the screen reflector on the antenna•

- 78 -

kitio Locator Ha** 63.

for Goidin» FriticL Figkttr

Powtr Output : Poise Ltngtk

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-79-

Radar No. 62*6 Broad Batxl Antwrna for Interrogating Friendly Fighter GCI Operation (150 MC ♦ 5 MC)

Chigasaki

Detail of Lobe Switch Mounted Behind Antenna Screen.

- 80 -

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IFF » FRIENDLY AIRCRAFT LOCAIIHG

Corr<apoDdiB8 Allitd D«»iga«tiont ——

Ttohnioal CharaetTittloai

f • 150 ♦ 5 MC/s» 60 W. If-IS os weep frequenoie« ancveri to Typ« 13 radarVithlD 120 Kto range when its altitude is 2000 Mj also works on fixed frequency with No* 62 radar*

jjugbar Built m 100* Nmber Installed » /^^

Dsscriptioni

This IFF transponder is designed to operate in either of two «ayti (a) Its tuned frequency can be swept oontinuously through the 160 ♦ 6 MC/S band (similar to the Awrican SCR-695). In this oase it responds with the same frequency as it received. In this node of operation any radar station (such as the type No* IS) in the 150 MC/s range oan obtain identification signals from the plane which appear as regular or coded increases in -the signal return seen on the ground radar»s scop«« (b) The sweep may be stopped and the M-18 receiver set to respond to SOBS selected spot frequency} it will be set to retransmit at a different frequency as far away as 8 Mc/s* With this arrangement it is especially suitable for 601 work in connection with the No* 62 ground set*

The respoose can be given any one of 6 different codes for added identification precaution* The operator in the plane can hear hi« own set if it is responding«

This set is quite different from the army IFF set which operates only in the (b) fashion but at higher frequencies* Hence the IFF's are only useful for the navy to identify navy planes, and for the army to identify army planes*

Five months were spent on the development of this equipment—and 4 months more were needed to get it into production* It was Just coming into use by the navy as the war ended*

- 81 -

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-83-

HAMA 63

FOE AIRCRAFT LOCATOR

i. Cerr<apondine Allied Daalgoatiooi ——

T^ehnloal Char>et»rletioai

f » 100 MC/S. 40 Or. Range 200 Eta. AQOunoyt Rang«, ♦ 500 M aatjjnated) Atimuth, unknown.

Humber Built » Set in development. Number Installed « 0.

Deaoriptiont

This radar was planned to be installed near an airfield where GCI operations could suitably be carried out. Its purpose would be to de- tect and then accurately locate an enemy plane and supply data on it until the fine tracking No. 62 radai* could pick up the enemy plane and look on it. Lobe «witching at 1000 per minute provides the means for good atimuth accuracy.

An observation cathode ray tube is provided to view all returning echoes. A range tube gives range and gates the proper signal for the bearing tube.

T.-is Set (No. 6S) was still in its experimental stage when the war ended.

- 84 -

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IKTERCEPTION COMPUTER

The Japan«M navy had davfllopod an iBtsroeption computer by means of which a control officor sitting in tha ship's information center could quickly d«t«rmine the proper instructions to the friendly fighter to mke an accurate interception. Present positions, directions and speeds of both the friendly and enemy planes are set in on the dials» The computer shows the direction (atimuth) the interceptor should fly and how long it will be before he makes the interception*

This computer is similar to the Japanese amy'e Tachi-56.

- 86 -

11

PH-1

HEIGBT MEASURE

COMfpooding Alii«! DMlgpationi —-

Ttehalol CharaotTlitlosi

f P 840 ^ IS MC/S - frequency aodulatiOQ. 0.1 W. R*Dg« 10-150 H* Accuracy"of range, ♦ 5jJ.

Number Built « 100« Number Installed * A/c/rr^/zofj

Deeoriptlont

FH-1 ie *n FM absolute altimeter very similar to the anBy*s Taki-18 and our own AN/APN-1* A motor driven tone «heel provides the modulating siring of + 15 mc/a from the average of 340 mo/s. The return from ground signal is^bonpared in phase with the direct signal, and the difference made to actuate an indicator reading the altitude from 10 to 150 meters« The Sora tube is used here as the "universal pentode*" The navy radar people say this altimeter «as widely and successfully used for torpedo attacks»

Bench Installation of FH-1 Altimeter - 2d Naval Technical Institute - Kanaxawa.

- 87 -

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rOut put pow«r; about 0.1W.

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Indicator (JsiA -1iS\ Aaaeter)

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FH-1 Altimeter Showing Interior of Components.

- 89 -

PTB

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V RADAR COUNTER MEASURK RECEIVER

Corr<apondlng Alllgd Degigaatlom —-

Techaletl Characterlatlogi

f * 81-660 MC/S. Azimuth Accuracy, ^ 60»

Nunbar Built • 800» Number Installed m A/t>r "fer L/J&/J

I/aacriptloni

Thi« is a simple high frequency radio recei-ver using a broad band cnmidirectional search antenna, which can be replaced by a highly dir- ective array when a signal is picked up. Signals are picked up through the ear phones provided, •äie radar's p.r.f. being heard as a tone»

- 90 -

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RADEP DETECTDR TYPE FT" B

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FTC

RADAR COUNTER IBASPRE RECEIVER

Correipooding Alliad D^aigaatioDt —-

Teehnioal Ch>r>otari8tlo«i

f ■ 81-660 UC/S* Azimuth Accuracy «= ♦ 5°.

Htmbar Built » 100 unfinished* Number Installed ■ 0»

DeaoriptioPt

FTC is similar to FTB except that in addition to the aural indication a visual indication is glren the pilot to turn either right or la ft to home on the intercepted signal.

- 92 -

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WZADER DETECTOR

TYPE FT"C FKQ Km E ; 8/^660 MC/äC.

V/AVt LtM^fH: 3.7 ~ 0.4^ Hirent ACCURACY ± «^octets

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-93-

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UKD BASED AMD SHIPBORHE ROM SEARCH RECEIVERS

A nmib«r of ««*roh raceivere for land and ship use are ehown In the D-eeotion of the large table preeeediog the block diagram« of navy radar ■ete, Dhow diagram« «re not included. For land use the range from S on to 4 meter« i« eovered by two equipments. The same receiver, B27 for 0*75 m to 4 m is used by üie navy with a variety of antennas, some dir- ectional and some all-around, depending on the installation. Two more receivers going down to 3 em coverage are available for shipborne use«

-9U -

SUPPLEMENTARY

INFORMATION

DEPARTMENT OF. THE AIR FORCE AIR INTELLIGENCE AGENCY

MEMORANDUM FOR DTIC-BCR FRRATÄ 17 JanuarY 1994

FROM: NAIC/MSIR 4115 Hebble Creek Rd Ste 14 Wright Patterson AFB OH 45433-5618

SUBJECT: Freedom of Information Act (FOIA).Request, Case I-FASTC 93-37

1. Reference your letter 22 December 1993 and 18 October 1993 NAIC letter, same subject.

2. NAIC OPR has reviewed documents AD 895|9r Volume I, AD 895^92 Volume II and AD 895893'Volume III and determined that the records are fully releasable.

3. The documents identified above may be released to future Freedom of Information Act requesters.

MARLYENf A. HARRISON, GS-11, USAF CDDÄTA AK W^ AS^i Chief, «Freedom of Information tlXlxnln ' vu o*"-»«—>/«-* Information Management Operations

Attachment; 1. OPR Comments 2. Releasable Documents

DEPARTMENT OF.THE AIR FORCE AIR INTELLIGENCE AGENCY

MEMORANDUM FOR DTIC-BCR ERRATA 17 January 1994

FROM: NAIC/MSIR 4115 Hebble Creek Rd Ste 14 Wright Patterson AFB OH 45433-5618

SUBJECT: Freedom of Information Act fFOIA) Request, Case I-FASTC 93-37

1. Reference your letter 22 December 1993 and 13 October 1993 NAIC letter, same subject.

2. NAIC OPR has reviewed documents fVUHH^Volume 1, 4HHBMS^ Volume II and AD 895893 Volume III and determined that the records are fully releasable.

3. The documents identified above may be released to future Freedom of Information Act requesters,

MARLYENir A. HARRISON, GS-11, USAF TDD ATA AT\ QA&. Q.C\2. Chief, tFreedom of Information LKKAIA ' Iü"OVOOVO Information Management Operations

Attachment: 1. OPR Comments 2. Releasable Documents

DEPARTMENT OF THE AIR FORCE AIR INTELLIGENCE AGENCY

MEMORANDUM FOR NAIC/DXL 6 January 1994

FROM: NAIC/MSIR ERRATA

SUBJECT: Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) Request R-FASTC-93-37

1. The "attached FOIA request is forwarded for your review and releasability.

2. It is regards to a previous request from Mr. Edward Kettler for paper copies of documents AD 895891 Volume 1, AD 895892 Volume 2 and AD 895893 Volume III entitled "A Short Survey of Japanese Radar." No documents were located in NAIC per telecon with DTIC, the request was forwarded to them. DTIC located the requested documents and has forwarded them to NAIC for review and release determination.

3. Please ensure the branch chief signs the 1st Ind and records the time expended on DD Form 2086. After completing the required actions on this request, please call extension 77236 for pickup.

ERRAIA y*! . '„,.,-. M< JC2 ■

JOHN A. MCGUIRE, MSgt, USAF Asst Chief, Freedom of Information Information Management Operations

3 Attachments 1. AD 895891 Volume 1 2. AD 895892 Volume 2 3. AD 895893 Volume 3

1st Ind, NAIC/DXLA DATE: 6 Jan 94

TO: NAIC/MSIR

1. The following apply:

x Records are fully releasable.

Records should be:

Fully denied under: Partially denied under:

Exemption: 123456789

2. Individual who worked this request/point of contact:

Name: Sherry Jennings Office Symbol: DXLA Phone number (black): 72435

3. Remarks:

DOCUMENT Ä!MftF& ACQUISITION BRANCH