Dav

id J

on

es

20

12

UN

C C

ha

rlo

tte

Gre

en

Ho

use

Ga

s In

ve

nto

ry

In October 2009, UNC Charlotte Chancellor Phil Dubois signed the American College and University Presidents Climate Commitment, thereby confirming that UNC Charlotte will strive to become green house gas neutral. The commitment means a number of actions must be undertaken, including an inventory of green house gasses. This report is the second GHG inventory and will identify what progress has been made by the University to reduce GHG emissions.

UNC Charlotte 9201 University City Blvd

Charlotte, NC USA

2

Table of Contents

1. Executive Summary 3

2. Emissions Inventory Methodology 6

3. Reporting Guidance & Principles 6

4. Reporting Boundaries 6

5. Data Collection Methodologies 6

6. 2009 -2012 Comparisons 8

7. Scope 2 Emissions 9

8. Scope 3 Emissions 10

9. Next Steps 12

3

1. Executive Summary

This 2012 GHG inventory is the 2nd GHG inventory conducted as part of the UNC Charlotte commitment to the American College and University Presidents’ Climate Commitment. This second GHG report will not focus on the procedures of completing the GHG inventory but rather will compare the results from the 2009 and the 2012 inventory and identify if and where progress has been made in reducing GHG emissions. The inventory was conducted by quantifying emissions in three categories known as scopes. Emissions from all six internationally recognized greenhouse gasses are quantified in this assessment.

Scope 1: Direct emissions from sources owned by UNC Charlotte. Scope 2: Indirect emissions from purchased electricity. Scope 3: indirect emissions from commuting, air travel and waste disposal.

Based on 2012 practices UNC Charlotte emits 111,680 metric tons of CO2e annually a 7% reduction over the 2009 GHG Inventory.

Scope 1: 21,101 metric tons of CO2e Scope 2: 57,606 metric tons of CO2e Scope 3: 32,974 metric tons of CO2e

Emissions % by Scope

Scope 120%

Scope 250%

Scope 330%

2012

4

Emissions % by source:

Emissions growth profile

0

50,000

100,000

150,000

200,000

250,000

2009 2012 2015 2018 2021 2024 2027 2030 2033 2036 2039

To

tal E

mis

sio

ns

(M

etr

ic T

on

ne

s e

CO

2)

Scope 2 T&D Losses

Directly FinancedOutsourced Travel

Commuting

Purchased Electricity

Refrigerants &Chemicals

Direct Transportation

On-CampusStationary

Other On-Campus Stationary

18%

Refrigerants & Chemicals

1%

Purchased Electricity

51%

Faculty / Staff Commuting

6%

Student Commuting

17%

Directly Financed Air Travel

1%Scope 2 T&D Losses

5%

5

Total Emissions 2009 vs. 2012

106000

108000

110000

112000

114000

116000

118000

120000

122000

2009 2013

MtC

O2

eTotal Emissions 2009 vs 2012

6

2. Emissions Inventory Methodology This green house gas inventory will report data for fiscal year from July 1, 2011, to June 30, 2012. All six internationally recognized green house gasses will be reported on in this assessment.

Carbon dioxide (CO2)

Methane (CH4)

Nitrous oxide (N2O)

Hydroflurocarbons (HFCs)

Perflurocarbons (PFCs)

Sulfur hexafluoride (SF6)

3. Reporting Guidance and Principles

In order to produce a green house gas inventory that is robust and verifiable, guidance in completing this inventory has been taken from the Climate Action Registry and the Clean Air Cool Planet Campus Carbon Calculator. In addition, the inventory is based on recognized green house gas accounting and reporting principles, as defined in the Climate Action Registry.

Relevance: Ensuring the inventory reflects our green house gas emissions. Completeness: Accounting for all emissions within the defined inventory boundary. Consistency: Use of consistent methodologies to allow for comparisons over time and

document changes to data, inventory boundaries and data collection methods. Transparency: All issues are addressed in a factual manner and an audit trail exists. Accuracy: Ensure that the quantifications of emissions are true and that uncertainties

and omissions are clearly stated.

4. Reporting Boundaries The same operational and organizational boundaries used in the 2009 GHG inventory are used in this 2012 inventory, the operational control approach. Under this approach, UNC Charlotte will account for GHG emissions from operations that are under the University’s authority to introduce, direct and implement policies that control an entity's activities, purchases and other operations within the following scopes;

Scope 1: Direct emissions from sources owned by UNC Charlotte. Scope 2: Indirect emissions directly linked to on campus energy use. Scope 3: indirect emissions related to the institution that would not arise if the

institution did not exist.

5. Data Collection Methodologies Where possible, relevant units of activity data will be collected, such as gallons of fuel used, kilowatt hours, Btus, miles driven and weight of materials used. The emissions factors used,

7

associated with activity data, will be those used in the Clean Air Cool Planet Campus Carbon Calculator. The data collected may be categorized into tiers reflecting accuracy and completeness.

Tier 1 Data is defined as that collected from sources that report to external agencies and use accounting protocols.

Tire 2 Data is defined as that collected from internal maintenance and operations records, purchase requisitions and surveys.

Appendix 1 identifies sources of date used in the inventory.

8

6. 2009 – 2012 Comparisons

Using the data collected from the 2012 GHG inventory this report will compare 2009 and 2012 emissions data to identify if progress has been made in emission reductions.

Scope 1 Emissions

Scope 1 emissions are defined as those emissions that are owned or controlled by the institution and are categorized as stationary and mobile. Stationary combustion refers to the burning of fuels to produce electricity, steam, heat or power using equipment in a fixed location such as boilers, burners, heaters, furnaces, incinerators, kilns, ovens, dryers and engines. Mobile emission are emissions associated with the campus motor fleet, excluding motor pool vehicles.

Emissions eCO2 2009 2012 % Change (+/-) On campus stationary 18,360 20,524 % 12 + Direct transportation 392 444 % 13 +

Refrigerants & Chemicals 1,651 25 % 98 - Agriculture 106 107 % 0 Total emissions 20,509 21,101 % 3 +

Scope 1 emissions have increased a modest 3%. The increases of on campus stationary may be attributed to the addition of 2 million square feet of building space since the 2009 inventory and an increase in student enrolment.

20200

20300

20400

20500

20600

20700

20800

20900

21000

21100

21200

2009 2012

Scope 1 Emissions

9

7. Scope 2 emissions Scope 2 emissions are indirect GHG emissions that are a consequence of activities that take place within the organizational boundaries of the institution but occur at sources owned or controlled by another entity such as purchased electricity. In FY 2012, UNC Charlotte consumed 121 million Kwh of electricity supplying approximately 8 million square feet of academic and residential space on campus, giving rise to about 57,000 metric tons of carbon dioxide, representing about 51% of carbon dioxide equivalent of total campus emissions. Since 2009 emissions from purchased electricity have reduce by %12. This reductions may be attributed to energy performance measures implemented by campus energy management team, the construction of LEED buildings and efficiency programs in electrical generation enacted by Duke Energy.

Scope 2 Emissions 2009 2012 % Change (+/-) 65,686 57,606 % 12 -

52,000.00

54,000.00

56,000.00

58,000.00

60,000.00

62,000.00

64,000.00

66,000.00

68,000.00

2009 2012

Scope 2 eco2 Emissions

10

8. Scope 3 Emissions

Scope 3 emissions are described as “Other emissions attributed to your institution, deemed “optional” emissions by corporate inventories. This includes emissions from sources that are neither owned nor operated by your institution but are either directly financed (i.e. commercial air travel paid for by the institution) or are otherwise linked to the campus via influence or encouragement (i.e. air travel for study abroad programs and regular faculty, staff and student commuting). UNC Charlotte shall report on the following scope 3 emissions:

Commuting emissions from regular commuting by faculty, staff and students. Directly financed outsourced from air travel paid for by the institution. Solid waste emissions

Commuting Scope 3 Commuting emissions data gathering Commuting habits and percentages of commutes using different modes of transportation were taken from the transportation survey competed for the 2009 campus maters plan. To determine total miles students commute to campus, GIS technology to identify address of students and to calculating mileage to campus.

To calculate the mileage data, the following assumptions were made:

Faculty commuting 5 days a week for 40 weeks a year with an average commute of 17 miles.

Student commuting 4 days a week for 40 weeks a year with an average commute of 11 miles.

Staff commuting 5 days a week for 48 weeks a year with an average commute of 16 miles.

Table 4: Commuting Mode by Population Group Source: Modified form UNC Charlotte Master Plan Transportation Report

Data collection to determine the total indirect GHG emissions resulting from air travel paid for by or through the institution was collected by obtaining information from the UNC Charlotte

User group Drive alone

Car pool Transit

Students 63% 4% 2%

Faculty 92% 3% 1%

Staff 89% 6% 1%

Total 84% 5% 1%

11

accounts payable department. Flight departure and destination points were logged with corresponding mileage when available. Overall scope 3 emissions have decreased by 4%. There have been minimal reductions in faculty and staff commuting due to increases in fleet efficiency and minimal assumed increased in alternative transport. The slight increase in student commuting associated emissions may be

associated with the increased student enrollment.

Scope 3 emissions 2009 2012 % Change (+/-) Faculty/Staff commuting 7,556 7,348 % 3 - Student commuting 18,237 19,016 % 4 + Air Travel 1,678 970 % 63 - Solid waste 302 -57 %118 - T&D losses 6,496 5,697 % 12 - Totals 34,269 32,974 % 4 -

32000

32500

33000

33500

34000

34500

2009 2012

Scope 3 Emissions

12

9. Next steps This 2nd GHG inventory has identified that UNC Charlotte has had some success in reducing campus emission by 7%. These reductions can be attributed to efforts made by the University to increase energy efficiency, the implementation of demand reduction programs such as the performance contract and the construction of energy efficient buildings. Recognition also has to be given to education and awareness programs rolled out on campus resulting in the campus faculty, staff and students being aware of energy consumption and changing habits.

The UNC Charlotte Climate Action Plan outlines a suite of comprehensive mitigations strategies that if implemented will see the continued trend of emissions reductions continued.

13

Appendix 1: Data Sources Data for the greenhouse gas inventory were collected from numerous departments and individuals at the University. Table 1 Sources of data

Data Sources

Budgets Operating budget was obtained from the University Budget Office. Research budget was obtained from the Department of Research and Federal Relations. Energy Budget was obtained from the Facilities Management Business Office.

Population Data on full and part time student enrollment and faculty size is taken from the Office of Institutional Research UNC Charlotte Fact Book, found at http://ir.uncc.edu/irmainpage2/fbindex.html. Faculty and staff population obtained from Human Resources.

Physical Campus Data on size of the institution taken from Facilities Management Archibus Space management module and can be found at https://archibus.uncc.edu/archibus/schema/ab-core/views/process-navigator/navigator-details.axvw.

Campus stationary emissions sources

Will be quantified by obtaining data on fuel used for on-campus station sources through direct metering or gallons used as determined through operating logs. This information is compiled for external reporting to Mecklenburg County Air Emissions Report.

Transportations sources

Fuel Master System and Athletics vehicle service records.

Refrigerants and chemicals

Maintenance and operations records.

Agriculture Pounds of fertilizer purchased and nitrogen content information provided by Grounds Department.

Purchased energy Annual electrical bills.

Commuting Parking passes and banner ID. Transport Survey for Commuting Habits. CATS Ridership numbers.

Air Travel Travel reimbursements.

Solid waste Office of Waste Reduction and Recycling Annual Report submitted to N.C. State.

Composting Office of Waste Reduction and Recycling Annual Report submitted

14

to N.C. State.

Appendices

Information category

Information needed

Information source Data collection method

Data collection issues

Assumptions made

Suggested improvements

Institutional data Operating budget All sources of funding the university has financial control of and is considered as the cost to operate the institution

Sherrie R. High, CPA University Budget Director UNC Charlotte Financial Services Reese 317 srhigh@uncc.edu

Financial services provided all data which was directly entered into the CACP

None None None

Research budget The amount of money the institution receives in research grants from external sources

Ellen E. Zavala Director of Research Services UNC Charlotte Research and Federal Relations 314 Cameron Hall eezavala@uncc.edu

Research services provided all data which was entered in CACP

None None None

Energy budget Combined budget for purchased electricity, natural gas, oil, other stationary sources. Does not include transport or water

Melanie EG Witherspoon, MPA Business Officer UNC Charlotte Facilities Management mewither@uncc.edu

Business office provided data entered in CACP

Had to strip water purchasing out of total utility budget

None None

16

Population Full and part time students

Enrollment data of full and part time students

Office of Institutional research http://ir.uncc.edu/irmainpage2/ Student population obtained from Spring Semester degree headcount enrollment data by full and part time students

Accessed IR website and looked at campus Fact Book

None None None

Faculty and staff Number of full and part time faculty and staff

Office of Institutional research http://ir.uncc.edu/irmainpage2/ And Human Resources department.

Accessed the IR Fact Book

Used the two sources of IR Fact Book and HR department to confirm accurate count of Faculty and Staff

None None

Physical size of campus

Total building size Building square feet

Information obtained from Facilities Management ARCHIBUS System. Also confirmed with Beverly Setz Director of Risk Management as risk management report to Raleigh on all campus properties.

Accessed ARCHIBUS Space Management tab and generated building information report. Transferred report to excel removed properties that do not fall under the operational control boundary

None None None

Total research space

Same as above Stripped out building designated as research/education

None None None

17

to arrive a total

Scope 1 Stationary Emissions

On campus stationary sources

Annual on campus stationary fuel use

Information obtained from Facilities Management

Identified fuels combusted at UNC Charlotte – Information obtained from Facilities Management UNC Actual Emissions Report to Mecklenburg County and Historical Utilities Workbook. Determined annual fuel used by fuel type measured in gallons, MBTUs measured by meter reading at fuel input point. Information obtained from facilities management. Fuel data entered to CACP Campus Emissions Calculator for

Have to look at various spread sheets. Oil use for generations found in UNC Actual emissions submitted to Mecklenburg counts. Other data on natural gas use, acquired from Historical Utilities Usage Workbooks – Summary by utility worksheet

None None

18

conversion to CO2e tons

Scope 1 mobile emissions

University fleet Gallons fuel used Facilities Management Fleet manager and Athletics department

Information was obtained from the petroleum Displacement report that the Fleet Manager has to submit to Raleigh annually. The PDP report tracks fuel used in all campus vehicles. Excluded from the PDP report are police and motor fleet vehicles which fall outside the operational control of the university. Athletics leased vehicles are not included in the PDP report, so this data gas to be added in. As well as off road diesel.

None, just to be aware have to add in off road diesel, and athletes fuel consumption into the PDP report figures. Chancellor vehicles also excluded from this data.

Athletics fuel use is an estimation based on service records indicating miles use per year. Hen government fuel economy figures used to calculate estimated gallons used.

Better tracking of fuel used in Athletics vehicles.

Scope 1 Fugitive Emissions

Refrigerants and chemical

Pounds of refrigerant

Facilities Management Maintenance and Operations

Total refrigerants added to campus

Accuracy and completed of

Total refrigerants use, based on

Implement a refrigerant

19

releases and Housing departments, and EH&S

systems based on work order records and external vendor maintenance records

data. Unable to get data from housing

work orders no real accounting

management plan

Fertilizer applications

Lbs fertilizer applied and nitrogen content

Grounds Department Lbs of fertilizer applied on campus based on annual amount of fertilizer purchased

Accuracy of application rates

17% nitrogen content based on average content nitrogen content of fertilizer applied

Actual application rate tracking

Scope 2: Purchased Electricity

Purchased electricity

Fiscal year kwh consumption

Facilities Management Mechanical Engineers. Information obtained from campus historical energy usage tacking report, that is basis for annual university energy report to the State of North Carolina

Kwh data taken directly from Energy usage report

None None To use actual Duke Energy CO2 emissions data and not eGRID conversions.

Scope 3: Campus Commuting

Faculty Staff commuting

Gary Caton Parking Services, Eric Delmelle Geography And Earth Sciences, Diane S. Bizzell Manager of Student Systems

Faculty and staff commuting emission were calculated by determining average commute to campus, based on Geo coding mapping completed by

None Assumptions were made on the number of journeys made to campus each day and days per year. Faculty assumptions made on a 40 week year, 5 days

Banner IDs with associated parking details obtained. Addresses with Banner ID obtained. Addressed mapped using GIS. Average one way commute from

20

Geography and earth sciences.

a week 2 one way trips a day, Staff assumptions made on a 48 week year 5 days a week 2 one way trips a day. Assumptions on percentage of commuters taking different modes of transport takes from campus master plan transportation survey.

address to university obtained in miles. This method was initially used to determine GHG gasses associated with student commuting. However, there was a major discrepancy between this data finding and the findings of the campus master plan commuter survey. For future GHG inventories travel surveys should be done at the time of obtaining parking decals. Questions to be asked living address vs. billing address, and modes of transport to

21

commute and frequency of commute.

Campus commuting

Student commuting

Gary Caton Parking Services, Eric Delmelle Geography And Earth Sciences, Diane S. Bizzell Manager of Student Systems

Data to determine emissions associated with student commuting was calculated as follows; The first calculation was to determine % of students using personal vehicles, carpooling and taking the bus. The 2009 Master Plan survey provided % of students using personal vehicles, carpooling and taking the bus. However this survey was based on the commuting population only. Therefore the %s in the master plan survey were recalculated as

None Addresses outside the Mecklenburg county region omitted as it was assumed that these are home parent home addresses of students and not semester addresses. Students were assumed to commute for 38 weeks a year. Summer school was not included. Each student is assumed to make two one way trips a day 4 days a week. The GEO coding exercise did not pick up the 24% of students living on

Banner IDs with associated parking details obtained. Addresses with Banner ID obtained. Addressed mapped using GIS. Average one way commute from address to university obtained in miles. This method was initially used to determine GHG gasses associated with student commuting. However, there was a major discrepancy between this data finding and the findings of the campus master

22

percentages of total campus population and entered into the spread sheet. The second calculation was to determine total miles students commute to campus. This was done by the UNC Charlotte geography and earth science departments using GIS technology to identify address of students and to calculating mileage to campus. Student addresses obtained from addresses provided for campus parking decals. Those addresses outside the Charlotte Region designated by the Charlotte

campus. Therefore this number of students was added into the to the overall number to get a percentage of students living within 1 miles of campus.

plan commuter survey. For future GHG inventories travel surveys should be done at the time of obtaining parking decals. Questions to be asked living address vs. billing address, and modes of transport to commute and frequency of commute.

23

Chamber of Commerce were omitted as those were considered to distant to be daily commuting.

Commuting On campus shuttle

Passenger miles for campus shuttle. Information from parking services and CATS

Passenger miles None None None

Air Travel Air Miles AAA Travel AAA provided an itinerary of all Campus air travel booked by through AAA. Each origin and destination with flight mileage has been provided.

Did not include travel paid booked and paid for outside AAA on personnel credit cards, and direct to airlines.

None Complete electronic tracking of all air travel data through BANNER system.