Umi Raihana A. R. & Sharifah Norkhadijah S.I.
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Transcript of Umi Raihana A. R. & Sharifah Norkhadijah S.I.
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Validation of Suitable index map using a GIS Approach; an example from a Case Study in
Selangor, Malaysia
Umi Raihana A. R. & Sharifah Norkhadijah S.I. Department of Environmental and Occupational Health,
Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia
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OBJECTIVE
• To validate the site suitability index map to improve the accuracies
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INTRODUCTION
• Municipal solid waste (MSW) management has become one of the global concerns in developing countries such as Malaysia
• Urbanisation and economic development lead to large waste produced
• Landfilling is the main waste disposal method utilised in the country
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• Selangor has a total of 20 landfills of which 13 are closed and 7 still operating
• Most are Level 0 (open dumping) or Level 1 (non-sanitary)
• Most of the landfills in Selangor are built and operated without proper monitoring facilities and pollution controls
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• Landfills being built near to residential area • Sharifah Norkhadijah (2011) has suggested
areas that suitable for landfill development – GIS and MCDA
• How accurate of this map?
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Study area: Selangor
Figure 1: The population of the urban areas in 2010 of Selangor (Source: Department of Statistic Malaysia, 2010).
• Selangor has a total area of 8,104 km2 with 5.4 million inhabitants in 2010. • This is approximately 20% of Malaysia’s total population
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Method used to produce suitability index map
Figure 2: The summary of overall procedure applied 7
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Figure 3: The mean suitability index and standard deviation 8
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Table 1: The land use of the candidate sites
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Map validation
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Map validation• Visual assessment of the map with the interpolated
water quality data. – Determine the differences between maps – Whether it were consistent with the physical
characteristic
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Figure 4: River water stations from DOE 12
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Figure 6: The interpolation of BOD in the whole Selangor with
IDW
Figure 5: The interpolation of COD with IDW 13
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Figure 8: The interpolation of TSS in the whole Selangor with IDW
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Figure 7: The interpolation of Coliform in the whole Selangor with
IDW
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Figure 10: The interpolation of E. coli with IDW
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Figure 9: The interpolation of Cl with IDW
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Figure 11: PO4 and NH3NL level in Selangor 16
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MAP VALIDATION
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Overlay the maps
Figure 12: The overlay process of the map 17
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The output….
Figure 13: The comparison of water quality parameter to the suitability index map 18
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Figure 13: The comparison of water quality parameter to the suitability index map 19
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Figure 13: The comparison of water quality parameter to the suitability index map 20
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Figure 13: The comparison of water quality parameter to the suitability index map 21
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Figure 13: The comparison of water quality parameter to the suitability index map
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Table 3: The summary of candidate sites determined with high concentration of water quality parameters on the overlay map.
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CONCLUSIONS • Suitability index map in Sharifah Norkhadijah
(2011) is not consistent with the water quality parameters analysed in this study.
• Areas designated as high suitability was reported with high level of contaminants – locate landfill on these areas will worsen the environment
• Except for C8, C10, C11 & C12.
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Thank you
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