uk pni posters 1-111

It’s your ship and equipment –

look after them and they will look after you

Loss Prevention Department, International House

26 Creechurch Lane, London EC3A 5BA

UK P&I CLUB

UK CLUB

GOOD PRACTICE

© Thomas Miller P&I Ltd 2002

UK P&I CLUB

The GOOD PRACTICE series of A4 posters is designed to draw your

attention to everyday occurrences, as witnessed primarily by the UK

P&I Club’s own ship inspectors. They visit between 500 and 600 vessels

every year, with a view to enhancing the ‘human element’ of the

shipboard operation, as approximately 60% of claims seen by the

Club are attributable, in varying degrees, to human error.

The aim of the ship inspector is to help raise awareness with respect

to practices onboard that could lead to claims or affect safety. They use their own

experience as ship’s masters, while benefiting from good practices observed on the

numerous vessels they have visited on the Club’s behalf. If they see something of interest

on one vessel, they may pass this on to the master on subsequent vessels for them to

adopt if they feel it necessary to do so.

Some of the photos illustrated under the title “Bad Practice” are not necessarily bad, but

when compared to the “Good Practice” photo, it is clear that improvements could

and/or should be made. Conversely, some of them can be considered as “Bad Practice”

and should clearly be discontinued.

We hope you find this selection useful, and we aim to add to this collection on a

regular basis.

“It’s your ship and equipment –

look after them and they will look after you”





UK P&I CLUB

UK CLUB

GOOD PRACTICE


BAD PRACTICE

Safety guards bothmissing

Area is dirty, untidy andpoorly lit

No obvious emergencystop button

GOOD PRACTICE

Grinder has both safetyguards in place

Area is clean and well lit

Spare safety goggleseasily to hand

Emergency stop switchreadily accessible

✗✗✗✗✗

✓✓✓✓✓

✓✓✓✓✓

✓✓✓✓✓

✓✓✓✓✓

✗✗✗✗✗

✗✗✗✗✗

GRINDERS

Grinders can be dangerous

– they have built-in safety features.

Use and maintain them!

NUMBER 1





UK P&I CLUB

UK CLUB

GOOD PRACTICE


Fire doors lashed back –note damaged handle

This is what can happen

Lives can be lost

Self-closing mechanismdisconnected, despite

well-marked instructions

FIRE DOORS

✗✗✗✗✗

✗✗✗✗✗

✗✗✗✗✗

✗✗✗✗✗

Fire doors

are there for a purpose.

There is no reason, other than laziness,

why they should be lashed open.

KEEP THEM CLOSED!

NUMBER 2





UK P&I CLUB

UK CLUB

GOOD PRACTICE


GOOD PRACTICE

Coaming draincomplete

Non-return valvechecked, clean and

operational

BAD PRACTICE

Non-return valvemissing

Potential for wateringress in heavy

weather

✗✗✗✗✗

✗✗✗✗✗

✓✓✓✓✓

✓✓✓✓✓

COAMING DRAINS

Many claims

are made due to wetted cargo

– simple maintenance would reduce

the need for such claims

NUMBER 3





UK P&I CLUB

UK CLUB

GOOD PRACTICE


BAD PRACTICE

Excessive oily waste

Potential fire/safetyhazard

Hard to locate source ofleaks

GOOD PRACTICE

Bilges clean and oil free

Light colour paint allowsfor easy identification of

fresh leaks

Good housekeeping

BILGES

✗✗✗✗✗

✗✗✗✗✗

✗✗✗✗✗

✓✓✓✓✓

✓✓✓✓✓

✓✓✓✓✓

BILGES

Oily bilges are potential

safety and pollution risks –

keep them clean!

NUMBER 4





UK P&I CLUB

UK CLUB

GOOD PRACTICE


BAD PRACTICE

No segregation ofgarbage types

Health risk – could blowaround ship

Possible interferencewith mooring

operations

Possible source ofpollution fines

GOOD PRACTICE

Garbage well segregated

Colour-coded garbagecategories

Garbage stored insheltered, easily accessible

location

GARBAGE

✗✗✗✗✗

✗✗✗✗✗

✗✗✗✗✗

✓✓✓✓✓

✓✓✓✓✓

✓✓✓✓✓

✗✗✗✗✗

Poorly stowed garbage

is a health and pollution risk –

dispose of it properly!

NUMBER 5





UK P&I CLUB

UK CLUB

GOOD PRACTICE


BAD PRACTICE

Unsafe top platform

Bent/broken/loosestanchions

GOOD PRACTICE

Well rigged, includingsafety net

On solid ground

GANGWAYS

✗✗✗✗✗

✗✗✗✗✗

✓✓✓✓✓

✓✓✓✓✓

BAD PRACTICE

No safety rails

Not adequately securedto ship

Completely unsafe

✗✗✗✗✗

✗✗✗✗✗

✗✗✗✗✗

All ships

are required to provide

safe access. Check that your

gangway is always used and

kept safely.

NUMBER 6





UK P&I CLUB

UK CLUB

GOOD PRACTICE


BAD PRACTICE

Liferaft covered andexcessively lashed

Not ready forimmediate use

LIFERAFTS

✗✗✗✗✗

✗✗✗✗✗

GOOD PRACTICE

Correctly stowed andsecured

Ready for immediatemanual and float-free

deployment

Instructions for useclearly visible

✓✓✓✓✓

✓✓✓✓✓

✓✓✓✓✓

Life rafts are

provided for your safety in case

your ship sinks. Valuable time may be

lost if they are not stored

properly.

NUMBER 7





UK P&I CLUB

UK CLUB

GOOD PRACTICE


BAD PRACTICE

Hazards not marked

Access routes notmarked

ACCESS/HAZARD MARKINGS

✗✗✗✗✗

✗✗✗✗✗

GOOD PRACTICE

Well-marked hazards

Access routes highlighted

✓✓✓✓✓

✓✓✓✓✓

When it is dark,

the weather bad, or you

are unfamiliar with the ship,

access/hazard markings

help you get around.

NUMBER 8





UK P&I CLUB

UK CLUB

GOOD PRACTICE


GOOD PRACTICE

Oxygen and acetylenestored in separate

lockers

Reduced risk of fire andexplosion

OXY-ACETYLENE

BAD PRACTICE

Oxygen and acetylenestored in same locker

Increased risk of fireand explosion

✗✗✗✗✗

✗✗✗✗✗

✓✓✓✓✓

✓✓✓✓✓

Used

together for welding,

oxygen and acetylene burn well –

so why store them together?

Think safe and keep them

apart.

NUMBER 9





UK P&I CLUB

UK CLUB

GOOD PRACTICE


BAD PRACTICE

Paint storedhaphazardly

Nothing to stop cansmoving around in

heavy weather

Potential fire hazard

GOOD PRACTICE

Shelves neatly stacked

Similar paint-typesstored together

Paint locker clean

Bars in place to stop cansjumping in bad weather

PAINT LOCKER

✗✗✗✗✗

✗✗✗✗✗

✗✗✗✗✗

✓✓✓✓✓

✓✓✓✓✓

✓✓✓✓✓

✓✓✓✓✓

Spilled paint

is both a safety and

pollution hazard – and involves

a messy clean up operation.

Keep your paint locker

tidy!

NUMBER 10





UK P&I CLUB

UK CLUB

GOOD PRACTICE


BAD PRACTICE

Hose box blocked bysteel sheet and

duckboards

Fire hose not ready forimmediate use

GOOD PRACTICE

Hose/nozzle ready forimmediate use

Equipment in goodcondition

FIRE HOSE STORAGE

✗✗✗✗✗

✗✗✗✗✗

✓✓✓✓✓

✓✓✓✓✓

Fire hoses

should be instantly available –

do not lock them away or block

access to them!

NUMBER 11





UK P&I CLUB

UK CLUB

GOOD PRACTICE


BAD PRACTICE

Counterweight lashed open

Hose inserted into sounding pipe

Oil-tight integrity of tank notmaintained

Delay in ability to close in emergency

BAD PRACTICE

Lever open, cap off

Tape left in sounding pipe

Increased risk of high-level spill

GOOD PRACTICE

Counterweight down, cap on

Oil-tight integrity of tank maintained

No chance of high-level oil escapingthrough sounding pipe

SOUNDING PIPES

✗✗✗✗✗

✗✗✗✗✗

✗✗✗✗✗

✓✓✓✓✓

✓✓✓✓✓

✓✓✓✓✓

✗✗✗✗✗

✗✗✗✗✗

✗✗✗✗✗

✗✗✗✗✗

Ships have sunk

or had serious fires

because sounding pipes have

been left open – Close them

when not in use!

NUMBER 12





UK P&I CLUB

UK CLUB

GOOD PRACTICE


BAD PRACTICE

Not using a harness:

Increases risk of injury fromfalling

Endangers others workingin vicinity

GOOD PRACTICE

Correct use of harness:

Provides security againstfalling

Enables use of bothhands to complete task

SAFETY HARNESS

✗✗✗✗✗

✗✗✗✗✗

✓✓✓✓✓

✓✓✓✓✓

When

working aloft generally,

including on the gangway or

over the bridgewing as illustrated,

safety must be your first

consideration

NUMBER 13





UK P&I CLUB

UK CLUB

GOOD PRACTICE


BAD PRACTICE

Twistlocks lockdifferently

Unable, without closeinspection, to

determine if locked

Increased risk of cargoloss

TWISTLOCKS

✗✗✗✗✗

✗✗✗✗✗

✗✗✗✗✗

GOOD PRACTICE

All twistlocks lock one way

Easy identification ofunlocked containers

Reduced risk of cargo loss

✓✓✓✓✓

✓✓✓✓✓

✓✓✓✓✓

Twistlocks

are designed simply to lock

containers to the ship and each

other – why confuse the issue with

left and right locking handles?

Are you sure your twistlocks

are locked?

NUMBER 14





UK P&I CLUB

UK CLUB

GOOD PRACTICE


BAD PRACTICE

Light mounted inboard –will not deploy

Light in very poor condition

GOOD PRACTICE

Well positioned, mounted correctly

Line not coiled/wrapped around light,thus ready for immediate deployment

MOB LIGHTS

✗✗✗✗✗

✗✗✗✗✗

✓✓✓✓✓

✓✓✓✓✓

The momentum

of the falling lifebuoy pulls the

light from its bracket. If the line is

too short, coiled, or wrapped around

the light, the lifebuoy will just hang

beneath the light, still sitting

in its bracket

NUMBER 15





UK P&I CLUB

UK CLUB

GOOD PRACTICE


BAD PRACTICE

Self-closing valvelashed open

Plastic tubing in use asgauge glass

SIGHT GLASSES

✗✗✗✗✗

✗✗✗✗✗

GOOD PRACTICE

Spring valve in good order

Proper gauge glass in use

✓✓✓✓✓

✓✓✓✓✓

In the event of a fire,

the plastic tubing will melt.

With the self-closing valve lashed

back, the tank is open

to feed the fire

NUMBER 16





UK P&I CLUB

UK CLUB

GOOD PRACTICE


BAD PRACTICE

Wasted vent surround

Wasted vent cover

Perished rubber – ventcannot be effectively

closed

✗✗✗✗✗

✗✗✗✗✗

✗✗✗✗✗

HATCH VENTS

✗✗✗✗✗

GOOD PRACTICE

Rubber and compressionbar in good condition

All dogs in place andoperational

Will keep out the worstof the weather

✓✓✓✓✓

✓✓✓✓✓

✓✓✓✓✓

Some cargoes require

ventilation, others don’t.

Ventilators are to be maintained so

that ventilation can be controlled

and reduce claims.

NUMBER 17





UK P&I CLUB

UK CLUB

GOOD PRACTICE


BAD PRACTICE

Engine casing very oily

Loose oily plates– trip/slip hazards

Hose/rags lying around– trip hazards

Bad housekeepingleads to increased risk

of fire/accidents

GOOD PRACTICE

Clean engine andbottom plates

No loose plates, no triphazards

Good housekeepingleads to a safe

environment

MAIN ENGINE

✗✗✗✗✗

✗✗✗✗✗

✗✗✗✗✗

✓✓✓✓✓

✓✓✓✓✓

✓✓✓✓✓

✗✗✗✗✗

Engine rooms

are potentially dangerous places

– keeping them clean and tidy

reduces the risk of fire and

personal injury.

NUMBER 18





UK P&I CLUB

UK CLUB

GOOD PRACTICE


BAD PRACTICE

In need of cleaning

Evidence of poormaintenance

Finding source of oilleaks difficult

GOOD PRACTICE

Steering flat clean andtidy

Handrails andduckboards for safety

STEERING GEAR

✗✗✗✗✗

✗✗✗✗✗

✗✗✗✗✗

✓✓✓✓✓

✓✓✓✓✓

In bad weather,

the steering flat is a ‘lively’ place

to be. Covered in hydraulic oil, it is

just dangerous – stop leaks and

keep it clean!

NUMBER 19





UK P&I CLUB

UK CLUB

GOOD PRACTICE


GOOD PRACTICE

Net is good size andsecure

Ladder roped off toavoid inadvertent access

✓✓✓✓✓

✓✓✓✓✓

BAD PRACTICE

No safety net

Raised platformwithout safety rails not

really sufficient on a

working deck

SWIMMING POOLS

✗✗✗✗✗

✗✗✗✗✗

Swimming pools

are potentially dangerous

places – keep them safe

and have fun!

NUMBER 20





UK P&I CLUB

UK CLUB

GOOD PRACTICE


BAD PRACTICE

Cleat very rusty

Cleat hasn’t been usedfor a long time

HATCH CLEATS

✗✗✗✗✗

✗✗✗✗✗

GOOD PRACTICE

Correct use of cleat

Cleat correctly tensioned

✓✓✓✓✓

✓✓✓✓✓

A large number

of claims are made as a result of wetted

cargoes. Simple maintenance and good

seamanship would dramatically reduce

these claims

NUMBER 21





UK P&I CLUB

UK CLUB

GOOD PRACTICE


BAD PRACTICE

Working part oftwistlock missing

No means of securingcontainer to ship

Twistlock too small fordovetail fitting

TWISTLOCKS

✗✗✗✗✗

✗✗✗✗✗

GOOD PRACTICE

Both twistlocks lock thesame way

Twistlocks in goodcondition

✓✓✓✓✓

✓✓✓✓✓

✗✗✗✗✗

Lashing materials

should be checked for their suitability

before use. Clearly, damaged equipment

shouldn’t be used.

NUMBER 22





UK P&I CLUB

UK CLUB

GOOD PRACTICE


BAD PRACTICE

Ladder in poorcondition

Ladder exposed tocrane/grab damage

CARGO HOLD ACCESS

✗✗✗✗✗

✗✗✗✗✗

GOOD PRACTICE

Ladder in good condition

Ladder protected fromgrabs/crane

✓✓✓✓✓

✓✓✓✓✓

Safe access

is a requirement – bent

ladders, platforms, railings,

missing rungs etc. are not safe

and should be repaired at the

earliest opportunity.

NUMBER 23



Loss Prevention Department, International House26 Creechurch Lane, London EC3A 5BA

Email: [email protected]

UK P&I CLUB

UK CLUB

GOOD PRACTICENUMBER 24


BAD PRACTICE

End couplingincorrectly secured to

fire hose

There is a risk of injuringpersonnel with rusty

jubilee clips

GOOD PRACTICE

Hose/nozzle ready forimmediate use

End coupling correctlysecured to fire hose

✓✓✓✓✓

✓✓✓✓✓

✗✗✗✗✗

FIRE HOSES

✗✗✗✗✗

Fire hoses should be

maintained correctly and ready for

immediate use.





UK P&I CLUB

UK CLUB



BAD PRACTICE

Guards severelycorroded/missing

Few signs ofmaintenance

GOOD PRACTICE

Windlass in goodcondition and well

maintained

All guards in place

DECK MACHINERY

✓✓✓✓✓

✓✓✓✓✓

✗✗✗✗✗

✗✗✗✗✗

Routine

maintenance of

deck machinery is vital

to avoid accidents

and claims.





UK P&I CLUB

UK CLUB



BAD PRACTICE

No brake liningremaining, resulting in

metal-on-metal contact

Loss of windlass brakeholding power

GOOD PRACTICE

Windlass brake recentlyrenewed, brake band

scaled and repainted

Well greased andmaintained pin

✗✗✗✗✗

✗✗✗✗✗

✓✓✓✓✓

WINDLASS BRAKE LININGS

Ensure that there

is an adequate thickness of

brake lining on all winches and windlasses.

Metal-on-metal contact leads

to mechanical failure.

✓✓✓✓✓





UK P&I CLUB

UK CLUB



GOOD PRACTICE

Machinery guardsecurely in place

Well maintained

BAD PRACTICE

Machinery guardmissing – drive belt

exposed

Exposed machinery is ahazard to personnel

working in the vicinity

BILGES

✗✗✗✗✗

✗✗✗✗✗

✓✓✓✓✓

MACHINERY GUARDS

Engine rooms are

potentially dangerous places –

ensuring guards are in place reduces

the risk of personal injury.

✓✓✓✓✓





UK P&I CLUB

UK CLUB



BAD PRACTICE

Incorrect use of splitmooring winch

Warp left on drum end

Spliced mooring warpsare not as strong as

single length warps

GOOD PRACTICE

Split mooring winchused correctly

Mooring warp in goodcondition

MOORINGS 1

✗✗✗✗✗

✗✗✗✗✗

✗✗✗✗✗

✓✓✓✓✓

✓✓✓✓✓

Winches are designed

for a single layer on the working

side of the split winch – the winch’s

holding power is reduced if more

are added.

Drum ends are not

designed to hold the weight of

the ship – only for tensioning

lines on bitts.





UK P&I CLUB

UK CLUB



BAD PRACTICE

Compression bar severelycorroded – liable to

damage hatch lid rubbers

Drainage channel badlycorroded – water can

easily pass into hatch

GOOD PRACTICE

Compression bar anddrain channel in good

condition

Coaming clear of rustand other debris

HATCH COAMINGS

✗✗✗✗✗

✗✗✗✗✗

✓✓✓✓✓

✓✓✓✓✓

✗✗✗✗✗

Many claims

are made due to wetted cargo

– simple, ongoing maintenance

would reduce the need for

such claims.





UK P&I CLUB

UK CLUB



GOOD PRACTICE

Hatch cleats wellmaintained

Corrosion free, whichensures easy movement

Springs in place

Even pressure onhatchcover and rubbers

BAD PRACTICE

Badly corrodedrestricting movement

Poor maintenance

Spring missing

Wedge is 90o out ofposition

HATCH CLEATS

✓✓✓✓✓

✓✓✓✓✓

✓✓✓✓✓

✗✗✗✗✗

✗✗✗✗✗

✗✗✗✗✗

✗✗✗✗✗

Hatch cleats

are an essential element of a

vessel’s watertight integrity –

keep maintained.

✓✓✓✓✓





UK P&I CLUB

UK CLUB



BAD PRACTICE

Old, hard and crackedrubber

Uneven compression

Excessive indentation

Water ingression

GOOD PRACTICE

Rubber undamaged andclean

Well packed and soft

Good compression andseal

HATCH RUBBERS

✓✓✓✓✓

✓✓✓✓✓

✓✓✓✓✓

✗✗✗✗✗

✗✗✗✗✗

✗✗✗✗✗

✗✗✗✗✗

57% of money

paid out on large cargo claims

is as a result of leaking

hatchcovers.





UK P&I CLUB

UK CLUB



BAD PRACTICE

Open feet, bad hygiene

No protection fromburns or scalds if hot or

boiling water is spilt

Non-grip soles

GOOD PRACTICE

Regulation safety shoesand galley attire

Clean protectiveclothing with slip

resistant shoes

GALLEY ATTIRE

✓✓✓✓✓

✓✓✓✓✓

✗✗✗✗✗

✗✗✗✗✗

✗✗✗✗✗

Flip-flops

are for the beach, not for

protection in a dangerous working

environment.





UK P&I CLUB

UK CLUB



BAD PRACTICE

Dirty, unhygienic

Risk of infection andillness

Dirty cloth will spreadgerms and cause cross

contamination

GOOD PRACTICE

Clean board and utensils

Disinfected

No risk of crosscontamination

GALLEY HYGIENE

✓✓✓✓✓

✓✓✓✓✓

✓✓✓✓✓

✗✗✗✗✗

✗✗✗✗✗

✗✗✗✗✗

✓✓✓✓✓

Illnesses can be

caused by dirty and unhygienic

galley equipment which breeds bacteria.

If the galley is clean, the crew

are healthy.





UK P&I CLUB

UK CLUB



BAD PRACTICE

No safety helmet

Smoking on deck when thereis a no smoking sign

Standing on hatch coamingwithout guardrails or safety

harness to keep from falling

GOOD PRACTICE

Wearing all correctsafety gear

Correct observationpoint for looking over

hatch coaming

No risk of falling

WEATHERDECK WORKINGPRACTICES

✓✓✓✓✓

✓✓✓✓✓

✓✓✓✓✓

✗✗✗✗✗

✗✗✗✗✗

✗✗✗✗✗

Awareness of surrounding

and potential dangers are paramount

on a vessel to assist in alleviating

personal claims.





UK P&I CLUB

UK CLUB



BAD PRACTICE

Only one grip appliedcorrectly

GOOD PRACTICE

Bulldog grips all thesame type

Correctly fitted as allfacing the same way

with the ‘U’ bolt applied

to the non working part

of the rope

Correctly separated.Recommended distance

is 6 times the wire’s

diameter

BULLDOG GRIPS

✓✓✓✓✓

✓✓✓✓✓

✓✓✓✓✓

✗✗✗✗✗

Bulldog grips

should be applied correctly,

otherwise the efficiency of the

lashing will be seriously

impaired.







UK P&I CLUB

UK CLUB



BAD PRACTICE

Closing equipmentmissing

Gap enables vermin toboard

Cargo claims due to ratinfestation, disease etc

GOOD PRACTICE

In good condition

Used correctly

Effective in preventingvermin boarding the

vessel

RAT GUARDS

✓✓✓✓✓

✓✓✓✓✓

✓✓✓✓✓

✗✗✗✗✗

✗✗✗✗✗

✗✗✗✗✗

Vermin can spread

disease and contaminate cargoes,

therefore rat guards should be placed

correctly on moorings.





UK P&I CLUB

UK CLUB



BAD PRACTICE

Lines against each othercausing chafe

Acute angles formed

Possibility of ropesbecoming jammed

against each other

GOOD PRACTICE

Lines running directlyashore

All lines free of eachother

No chafe

MOORINGS 2

✓✓✓✓✓

✓✓✓✓✓

✓✓✓✓✓

✗✗✗✗✗

✗✗✗✗✗

Frequently injuries

occur when mooring ropes part

due to severe chafing and running

at acute angles.

✗✗✗✗✗





UK P&I CLUB

UK CLUB



BAD PRACTICE

Trip hazard unmarked

Blends into the samecolour deck

GOOD PRACTICE

Trip hazard marked andhighly visible

SAFETY MARKINGS

✓✓✓✓✓

✗✗✗✗✗

✗✗✗✗✗

To avoid personnel

injuries and claims, all trip/height/slip

hazards should be highlighted with

safety markings.







UK P&I CLUB

UK CLUB



BAD PRACTICE

Greasy and dirty, causinga major fire hazard

GOOD PRACTICE

Clean, free of greaseand grime

Well maintained

No fire risk

GALLEY EXTRACTION FANS

✓✓✓✓✓

✓✓✓✓✓

✓✓✓✓✓

✗✗✗✗✗

Built up grease and dirt

is a major fire risk – fans and vents

should be frequently cleaned and

maintained.





UK P&I CLUB

UK CLUB



BAD PRACTICE

Corroded and seized

Very neglected

Potential safety risk

Will cause damage andchafe to ropes resulting

in shortened life span

GOOD PRACTICE

Free running

Well maintained

Rust and corrosion free

PEDESTAL ROLLER FAIRLEAD

✓✓✓✓✓

✓✓✓✓✓

✓✓✓✓✓

✓✓✓✓✓

✗✗✗✗✗

✗✗✗✗✗

✗✗✗✗✗

✗✗✗✗✗

Regular

greasing and maintenance

is a must for essential

mooring equipment.







UK P&I CLUB

UK CLUB



GOOD PRACTICE

Scupper plug fitsproperly with no gaps

Manufactured andrecommended

Water unable topenetrate through

scupper

SCUPPER PLUGS

✓✓✓✓✓

✓✓✓✓✓

✓✓✓✓✓✓✓✓✓✓

BAD PRACTICE

Water and worse (oiletc) can seep through

rags causing pollution

Incorrect fitting scupper

Not manufactured forthat specific vessel

✗✗✗✗✗

✗✗✗✗✗

✗✗✗✗✗

Pollution is a major

source of claims, during cargo

operations scupper plugs should

be used at all times.





UK P&I CLUB

UK CLUB



BAD PRACTICE

Surrounding equipmentbadly stowed, therefore will

move in heavy weather

Oily rags and equipment leftaround, causing potential

fire risk

Chemical containers thrownin at random not taking into

account correct segregation

GOOD PRACTICE

Well organised

Free from any hazards

Secured properly

Correct segregationstowage as per safety

data sheets

CHEMICAL STORAGE

✓✓✓✓✓

✓✓✓✓✓

✓✓✓✓✓

✓✓✓✓✓

✗✗✗✗✗

✗✗✗✗✗

✗✗✗✗✗

Chemicals are

dangerous, especially when

cross contaminated

– stow all containers as per the

segregation on the safety

data sheets.







UK P&I CLUB

UK CLUB



BAD PRACTICE

Obstructed andinaccessible in an

emergency

Risk of damage to vitalsafety equipment

Equipment in disarray,therefore contents not

known until further

investigation

GOOD PRACTICE

Accessible in anemergency

No obstructions

Well maintained andorganised

LSA AND FFE STOWAGE

✓✓✓✓✓

✓✓✓✓✓

✓✓✓✓✓

✗✗✗✗✗

✗✗✗✗✗

✗✗✗✗✗



Fire fighting

equipment must

always be readily available,

time costs lives in an

emergency.





UK P&I CLUB

UK CLUB



GOOD PRACTICE

Rubber in goodcondition

Good compression

Assists with thewatertightness of the

hatch

Free moving andcorrosion free means

easy to use

BAD PRACTICE

Quick acting cleatscorroded

Rubber is crackedand old

Seized and unusable

QUICK ACTING CLEATS

✓✓✓✓✓

✓✓✓✓✓

✓✓✓✓✓

✓✓✓✓✓

✗✗✗✗✗

✗✗✗✗✗

✗✗✗✗✗

Quick acting cleats

are an integral part of the hatchcover

system. If any part of the system is

deficient, hatch watertight integrity

is compromised.





UK P&I CLUB

UK CLUB



BAD PRACTICE

Ladder obstructingwalkway

Safety compromised

GOOD PRACTICE

Ladder stowed withoutobstructing walkway

Access maintained

SAFE WALKWAYS

✓✓✓✓✓

✓✓✓✓✓

✗✗✗✗✗

✗✗✗✗✗

All deck surfaces used

for transit about the ship and all

passageways, walkways and stairs must

be properly maintained and kept free from

restrictions and substances liable to

cause a person to slip or fall.





UK P&I CLUB

UK CLUB



BAD PRACTICE

Rope badly wornaround the eye and

contaminated by rust

Fixings to deck badlycorroded

Bad maintenance

GOOD PRACTICE

Rope in good condition

Fixings to deck wellmaintained

PILOT/BOARDINGLADDERS

✓✓✓✓✓

✓✓✓✓✓

✗✗✗✗✗

✗✗✗✗✗

✗✗✗✗✗

Every

vessel must provide

a safe means of

access.





UK P&I CLUB

UK CLUB



BAD PRACTICE

Corroded

Hole in screen

GOOD PRACTICE

Flame screen renewedand intact

Rust and corrosion free

FLAME SCREENS

✓✓✓✓✓

✓✓✓✓✓

✗✗✗✗✗

✗✗✗✗✗

Flame screens

are fitted for a reason. Any

defect greatly hampers their ability

to protect against sparks

and flames.





UK CLUB



BAD PRACTICE

Unmanned access

Unnoticed movementaround ship possible

Hawse pipe unsecured

Security risk

GOOD PRACTICE

Watchman located ataccess point

Controlled embarkationof persons

Log kept of people on/off

Security pass system in use

Hawse pipe secured

SECURITY – ACCESSCONTROL

✓✓✓✓✓

✓✓✓✓✓

✓✓✓✓✓

✗✗✗✗✗

✗✗✗✗✗

✓✓✓✓✓

A proper and

efficient watch should be

maintained at all times at all

access points.

✗✗✗✗✗

ISPS REFERENCE B 9.9 - 9.17

✓✓✓✓✓

✗✗✗✗✗





UK CLUB



BAD PRACTICE

Free access intoaccommodation,

workshops and stores

Major safety andsecurity risk

GOOD PRACTICE

Storeroom doorspadlocked externally

Good internal lockingdevice on accommodation

doors

Restricted areas secured

No chance of illegal entry

SECURITY – RESTRICTEDAREAS

✓✓✓✓✓

✗✗✗✗✗

✗✗✗✗✗



✓✓✓✓✓

✓✓✓✓✓

Every precaution must

be taken to avoid unwanted

visitors in the accommodation

and other ship spaces.

✓✓✓✓✓






UK CLUB



GOOD PRACTICE

Coded locks onaccommodation doors

No unlawful entrypossible

Reduced security risk

BAD PRACTICE

Free entry

Major security risk

SECURITY – SHIP SECURITYEQUIPMENT 1

✓✓✓✓✓

✓✓✓✓✓

✗✗✗✗✗

Every measure

should be taken to ensure that

illegal entry into restricted areas

does not occur.

✗✗✗✗✗


✓✓✓✓✓





UK CLUB



GOOD PRACTICE

When onboard, storesare immediately

checked and verified

Cargo hold secured andalarmed

Good securityprocedures in place

BAD PRACTICE

Stores dumped andunchecked

Free access to cargospace

Major security risk

SECURITY – CARGOAND STORES

✓✓✓✓✓

✓✓✓✓✓

✓✓✓✓✓

✗✗✗✗✗


✗✗✗✗✗

✗✗✗✗✗

Stores must always be

verified and securely stowed, and

accesses to cargo holds must never be

left open or unattended, as any

area is a security risk.





UK CLUB



GOOD PRACTICE

Watch patrols in place

Security logs maintained

Extra deck lightingavailable

Efficient watchmaintained

BAD PRACTICE

No lighting on deck

Shipside poorly lit

Impossible to performefficient watch patrols

Major security risk

SECURITY – MONITORINGSHIP SECURITY

✗✗✗✗✗

✗✗✗✗✗


✓✓✓✓✓

✓✓✓✓✓

✓✓✓✓✓

✓✓✓✓✓

To perform an efficient

security watch shipsides, decks

and accommodation areas must

always be adequately lit.

✗✗✗✗✗

✗✗✗✗✗





UK CLUB



GOOD PRACTICE

Good use and availabilityof security equipment,

e.g. metal detectors and

CCTV

Ship safety alert systembutton installed

Good security systems inplace

BAD PRACTICE

No security measuresin place

Major security risk

SECURITY – SHIP SECURITYEQUIPMENT 2

✓✓✓✓✓

✓✓✓✓✓

✓✓✓✓✓

✗✗✗✗✗

✗✗✗✗✗

Every means

possible should be used against the

threat of terrorism.

ISPS REFERENCE B 9.42 - 9.49SOLAS chpt XI - 2, Reg 6





UK CLUB



BAD PRACTICE

Gangway unattended

No search of baggageor visitors possible

Major security risk

Suspicious packageundetected

GOOD PRACTICE

Use of metal detector onvisitors

Mandatory baggagesearches in operation

Questioning suspiciouspersons and packages

Good security training ofindividuals involved

SECURITY – TRAINING

✓✓✓✓✓

✓✓✓✓✓

✓✓✓✓✓

✗✗✗✗✗

✓✓✓✓✓

Visitors are a

potential security threat.

Crew members must show extra

vigilance when allowing

people onboard.


✗✗✗✗✗

✗✗✗✗✗

✗✗✗✗✗





UK CLUB



GOOD PRACTICE

Anti-piracy gate fitted

Entry into, and around,the accommodation

prevented when gate

secured

Dummy used to deterpirates

BAD PRACTICE

Door lashed open

No anti-piracy measures

Major security risk

SECURITY – ANTI-PIRACYMEASURES

✓✓✓✓✓

✓✓✓✓✓



✗✗✗✗✗

✗✗✗✗✗

✗✗✗✗✗

✗✗✗✗✗

With piracy

incidents rising, measures

should be taken to protect the ship

and its crew from such

occurrences.

✓✓✓✓✓





UK CLUB



BAD PRACTICE

Unmanned station

No barge-to-shipcommunication

Potential pollution risk

GOOD PRACTICE

Manned station

Communication withinvolved parties

Permanent monitoring

✓✓✓✓✓

✓✓✓✓✓

✗✗✗✗✗

BUNKER OPERATIONS

✗✗✗✗✗

✓✓✓✓✓

✗✗✗✗✗

Bunker operations

must always be supervised and

communications maintained

with all parties.





UK CLUB



BAD PRACTICE

No hazard markings visibleon deck

Danger to personal healthand safety

GOOD PRACTICE

Clear warningsigns

ANTENNAE MARKINGS

✓✓✓✓✓

✗✗✗✗✗

✗✗✗✗✗



Radiation

warnings must be adhered to.

Every effort must be made to

warn the ship’s personnel of

the dangers.





UK CLUB



GOOD PRACTICE

Good arrangement andstowage of cables

Deck clear

No trip hazard

BAD PRACTICE

Bad stowage of cables

Deck cluttered

Ladder obstructed

Major trip hazard

✗✗✗✗✗

✗✗✗✗✗

✓✓✓✓✓

REEFER CABLES

✓✓✓✓✓

✓✓✓✓✓

✗✗✗✗✗

✗✗✗✗✗

To prevent

accidents, all reefer

cables must be stowed to provide

a clear deck without

trip hazards.







UK CLUB



BAD PRACTICE

Poor locations next toexternal doors

Useless if trying toescape the

accommodation in an

emergency

GOOD PRACTICE

Good position onescape route/walkway

Correct signage

✗✗✗✗✗

✓✓✓✓✓

EMERGENCY ESCAPEBREATHING DEVICES

✓✓✓✓✓

✗✗✗✗✗

IMO MSC/Circ. 849

states that EEBDs should be

positioned along escape routes in

machinery spaces or at the

foot of escape ladders.





UK CLUB



BAD PRACTICE

No instructions

Equipment dirty andnot sterile

No legible label onbottle

Major health risk

EMERGENCY EYE WASHSTATIONS

Safety equipment

must always be well maintained.

We only have one pair of eyes.

Protect them!

GOOD PRACTICE

Clear instructions

Labelled correctly

Equipment complete

✓✓✓✓✓

✓✓✓✓✓

✓✓✓✓✓

✗✗✗✗✗

✗✗✗✗✗

✗✗✗✗✗

✗✗✗✗✗





UK CLUB



BAD PRACTICE

Excess lint

Poorly maintained

Potential fire risk

GOOD PRACTICE

Unit well maintained

Free of lint

ACCOMMODATIONAPPLIANCES

✓✓✓✓✓

✓✓✓✓✓

✗✗✗✗✗

✗✗✗✗✗

✗✗✗✗✗



It is good practice

to ensure that all fixtures

and fittings are properly

maintained.





UK CLUB



GOOD PRACTICE

Doors and windows wellmaintained and watertight

Good visibility for driver

Clear markings

Wires/sheaves well greased

Guardrails and ladders ingood condition

Excellent access for repairand maintenance

Inspection panels secured

BAD PRACTICE

Poor visibility, windowsobscured

No markings

SWL unknown

General maintenanceof a poor standard

Safety risk

DECK CRANES

✓✓✓✓✓

✓✓✓✓✓

✗✗✗✗✗

✗✗✗✗✗

✗✗✗✗✗

✓✓✓✓✓

✓✓✓✓✓

✓✓✓✓✓

✓✓✓✓✓

✓✓✓✓✓

✗✗✗✗✗

✗✗✗✗✗

It is good practice

to ensure all deck lifting

machinery is marked with the SWL

and a safe access is provided

for maintenance.





UK CLUB



BAD PRACTICE

Switchboard door open

Required matting/grating missing

Potential safety/triphazard

GOOD PRACTICE

All units closed

Required non-conductingmat in place

No trip hazards

MAIN SWITCHBOARD

✓✓✓✓✓

✓✓✓✓✓

✓✓✓✓✓

✗✗✗✗✗

✗✗✗✗✗

✗✗✗✗✗

Decks which

are not of a rubberised

composition, should have non-conductive

matting in front/behind

the MSB.

✓✓✓✓✓







UK CLUB



BAD PRACTICE

No markings

Hammer is removed

Unable to detach chain

GOOD PRACTICE

Well marked

Hammer available

ANCHOR CONNECTION– BITTER END

✓✓✓✓✓

✓✓✓✓✓

✗✗✗✗✗

✗✗✗✗✗

✗✗✗✗✗

Essential

tools for the job

should never be removed

from designated

fittings.





UK CLUB



BAD PRACTICE

Signs of piperemoval/tampering

Oil marks onsurrounding area

Possible illegal discharge

GOOD PRACTICE

Locked

Good warning marks

Clean area

OILY WATER SEPARATOR

✓✓✓✓✓

✓✓✓✓✓

✓✓✓✓✓

✗✗✗✗✗

✗✗✗✗✗

✗✗✗✗✗

To avoid problems with

the authorities, all removal of

pipes should be logged in the

ship’s official log book.







UK CLUB



BAD PRACTICE

Poorly maintained

Wire beginning to part

Broken bulb and glass

Potential fire hazard

GOOD PRACTICE

Bulb intact

Wires protected

Well maintained

DECK LIGHT FITTINGS

✓✓✓✓✓

✓✓✓✓✓

✓✓✓✓✓

✓✓✓✓✓

✗✗✗✗✗

✗✗✗✗✗

✗✗✗✗✗

✗✗✗✗✗



Unprotected

electrical equipment can

cause fires, explosions

and injuries.





UK CLUB



BAD PRACTICE

No segregation

Cigarette amongstoily rags

Potential oil leakage

Major fire risk

GOOD PRACTICE

Segregation of rags

Area around bins clean

Lids in use to stop crosscontamination

No possibility ofleakage

ENGINE ROOM WASTE

✓✓✓✓✓

✓✓✓✓✓

✓✓✓✓✓

✓✓✓✓✓

✗✗✗✗✗

✗✗✗✗✗

✗✗✗✗✗

✗✗✗✗✗

Oily rags are

fire hazards and must

be contained within the

appropriate container

to avoid risk.







UK CLUB



GOOD PRACTICE

Good, clear glass

Clear markings

No air bubbles

Spindle in goodcondition

BAD PRACTICE

Air bubble present

Distracts helmsman

Card movement affected

Potential for glass to mist

COMPASS

✓✓✓✓✓

✓✓✓✓✓

✓✓✓✓✓

✗✗✗✗✗



The compass

must be clearly readable

for personnel on

the bridge.



✗✗✗✗✗

✗✗✗✗✗

✗✗✗✗✗

✓✓✓✓✓





UK CLUB



BAD PRACTICE

SWL not known

No markings on boom

Potential safety risk

GOOD PRACTICE

SWL marked

Crane well maintained

Identification shown

ENGINE ROOM CRANES

✓✓✓✓✓

✓✓✓✓✓

✓✓✓✓✓

✗✗✗✗✗

✗✗✗✗✗

✗✗✗✗✗



E/R cranes are used

to lift heavy pieces of machinery,

therefore it is good practice to mark

them with the SWL, test them regularly

and include them in the planned

maintenance system.





UK CLUB



BAD PRACTICE

Hole in pipe

Blown pipe joint

Poorly maintained

GOOD PRACTICE

Pipes well maintained

Clearly marked cargopipes

DECK PIPING

✓✓✓✓✓

✓✓✓✓✓

✗✗✗✗✗

It is good practice

to maintain all deck

piping and ensure timely

pressure testing.

✗✗✗✗✗

✗✗✗✗✗





UK CLUB



GOOD PRACTICE

Items labelled efficiently

Written procedurespresent

Equipment well secured

BAD PRACTICE

SOPEP gear mixed withother ship’s stores

No clear list of contents

Risk of misuse ofequipment

Difficult to locate in anemergency

SOPEP

✓✓✓✓✓

✓✓✓✓✓

✗✗✗✗✗

✓✓✓✓✓

MARPOL states that

all oil tankers over 150gt, and every other

ship of over 400gt, shall have Shipboard Oil

Pollution Emergency Plans approved

by the administration.

✗✗✗✗✗

✗✗✗✗✗

✗✗✗✗✗



If you have any ideas for future posters Loss Prevention Department, International Houseor supporting/interesting photos 26 Creechurch Lane, London EC3A 5BAwe would be pleased to hear from you Email: [email protected]

UK CLUB



GOOD PRACTICE

Counterweight riggedcorrectly, externally

All crew aware ofoperation through drills

and lecture

Monthly checks asper SMS

BAD PRACTICE

Incorrectly riggedcounterweight

Lack of understandingby ship’s staff

Failure of SMS system

ENCLOSED LIFEBOATLAUNCHING

✓

✗

✗

✓

The brake wire

should fall free from the

boat when launched and

making way.

✗

✓




UK CLUB



BAD PRACTICE

No signs, meaning no risk assessmentperformed and failure of SMS system

Exits not obvious to someoneunfamiliar with the vessel

Where used, arrows are located inhigh position

GOOD PRACTICE

Exit signs on exits at low level, forwhen crawling under smoke

High-visibility fluorescent strips orarrows at deck level

Location and use of escape signsplaced from the point-of-view of

someone crawling in smoke

LOW-LEVEL ESCAPE SIGNS

✓

✗

✗

✓

✓

When placing

high-visibility strips, keep them low

and ensure they do not guide you past

exits, which should be highlighted

themselves!

✗






UK CLUB



GOOD PRACTICE

Rubber matting laid ondeck protects lashing gear

and ship’s deck

Working practices assessedand positive action taken

All cargo equipmentmaintained as per SMS

Steel locking pins in goodworking condition and

maintained/replaced

BAD PRACTICE

No care for lashingequipment

No checks for damagedequipment

Insufficient repairs/temporary solutions –

a wooden stick in this

example

Risk of losingcontainers overboard

CONTAINER LASHINGS

✓

✓

✗

✗

✓

Care of

cargo securing equipment

is important for the safety

of the cargo, ship and

her crew.

✗

✓

✗




UK CLUB



BAD PRACTICE

No PPE – danger of personalinjury or worse

No risk assessment evident

Poor management and failureof SMS

GOOD PRACTICE

Hard hats and otherappropriate PPE worn

Safe practices and riskassessment in operation

Team management andbriefing

SAFE WORKING PRACTICES

✓

✓

✓

✗

✗

✗

Club analysis

shows that the majority of

personal injury claims are caused

by crewmembers injuring

themselves.




UK CLUB



BAD PRACTICE

An open door allows fire to spreadrapidly

Damage to door when ship isrolling/pitching

GOOD PRACTICE

Doors maintained and operating well

Emergency signage as necessary

Door closing automatically will holdback fire

FIRE DOORS

✗

✓

✓

✓

✗

Never allow

fire doors to be

wedged open.






UK CLUB



GOOD PRACTICE

Reasonably tight chainsoperate effectively

with no slippage

Chains off the groundare easy to inspect and

maintain

Chains safe when noexcessive slack exists

BAD PRACTICE

Slack chain a slip/trip hazard

Wear and tear on chain andsteelwork in contact with it

Wear and tear on workinggear due to slippage

Slack chain may comeoff chain guides

HATCH OPENING CHAINS

✓

✓

✓

✗

✗

Chains are

a hazard both when in

motion and when still. Slack

chains pose an increased

danger and should be

taken up.

✗

✗




UK CLUB



BAD PRACTICE

Poor temporarymeasure in this

example

Pin could jam or break

A danger to crewand/or cargo

GOOD PRACTICE

Pin maintained and ingood condition

Correct pin of substantialsize capable of holding

back hatch lids

Safe to operate withhandle and locking

position

HATCHCOVER LOCKING PINS

✓

✓

✓

✗

✗

✗

A proper pin

is required to stop the

hatch lid unintentionally closing

and a faulty pin may stop

you closing it!




UK CLUB



BAD PRACTICE

No PPE at all

No risk assessment

Danger to life and poorexample to set others

GOOD PRACTICE

Appropriate PPE wornon deck

Operational proceduresadhered to

Crew trained in cargooperations

Good example set bysenior staff enforcing

regulations

CONTAINER TOP SAFETY

✓

✓



✗

✗

✗

✓

Both crew and

stevedores should be

stopped when acting with

a lack of safety and

common sense.

✓




UK CLUB



BAD PRACTICE

Incorrect and illegalrepair methods and

materials

Non-compliant withSOLAS and statutory

instruments

Ladder in poorcondition and unsafe

GOOD PRACTICE

Ladder stowed clear ofdeck, weather and

sunlight

Checked monthly asper SMS

Any repairs inaccordance with the

Merchant Shipping

(Pilot Ladders & Hoists)

Regulations (statutory

instrument)

✓

✓

✗

PILOT LADDER CARE

✗

✓

✗

SOLAS regulations

state ladder requirements

including repairs.




UK CLUB



BAD PRACTICE

No handle on door in this example

Exit not visible in reduced visibility

Difficult escape for unfamiliarpersonnel

GOOD PRACTICE

All emergency exits assessed forvisibility and effectiveness

Appropriate reflective signage

All doors functioning correctly andtested monthly as per maintenance

schedule

ENGINE ROOMEMERGENCY EXITS

✓

✗

✗



✓

✓

✗

Emergency exits should

be highly-visible and guide you

to safety in smoke.




UK CLUB



BAD PRACTICE

No evidence of chartsand publications

updated

Charts in use notcorrected to-date

Danger to navigation

GOOD PRACTICE

Weekly correctionsapplied

Record of updates forcharts and publications

Corrected to datebefore use

✗

✗

✓

ADMIRALTY CORRECTIONS

✓

✓

✗



It is a legal obligation

to update charts/publications

and maintain records.




UK CLUB



BAD PRACTICE

Relaxed galleystandards should not

be encouraged

Stove should be keptclear, unlike this

example

An untidy galley is adanger to galley staff

Fire hazard

GOOD PRACTICE

Fire, health and hazardawareness by crew

evident

Strict galley inspectionsand recommendations/

remedial action

Good stowagearrangement assists in

maintaining a safe

galley

✗

✓

GALLEY FIRE HAZARDS

✓

✗

It is the

responsibility of all

onboard to remedy

hazards.

✓

✗

✗




UK CLUB



GOOD PRACTICE

Secure railing or bars toprevent a fall

Complying with safetyregulations and reducing

risk of accidents

BAD PRACTICE

No measures taken to protectpersonnel from open hatch

Cables and rubbish are a triphazard. Next to the unguarded

hatch they present a deadly risk

No co-ordination of safety in abusy working environment

HATCH OPENING

✓

✗

✗

Every ship should

establish procedures to

eliminate risk when any of

her hatches are open.



✓

✗




UK CLUB



GOOD PRACTICE

Hatch maintained andrust-free

Rubber packing kept ingood condition

Distinctive markings showopen/close direction

BAD PRACTICE

Hatch rusting andseizing

Rubber packing in poorcondition

Likelihood of wateringress

HOLD ACCESS LIDS

✓

✓

✗

✗

✗



The access hatch

needs to be weathertight as well as

function efficiently as an emergency

escape.

✓




UK CLUB



BAD PRACTICE

Use of LSA for workoverboard

Unecessary stress onlife-saving appliances

Wear/tear and damageto LSA

GOOD PRACTICE

Code of Safe WorkingPractices for Merchant

Seamen observed

Risk assessment andpermit to work in place

Correct PPE andsupervision

WORKING OVERBOARD

✗

✗

✗

✓

✓

✓

LSA is exactly that

and should not be used

for work overboard.




UK CLUB



BAD PRACTICE

Knot tied in mooringrope

Shore barge wiresplayed as in a splice

and incorrect number

of bulldog grips

Lines not safe formooring operations

GOOD PRACTICE

Correct rope splice onmooring line

Correct fitting ofbulldog grips on wire

line from shore barge

Alterations safe whenmooring line under

tension

THIRD PARTY EQUIPMENT– MOORINGS

✓

✓✓✓✓✓

✗

✗

✗

✓



✓

✓✓✓✓✓Incorrect but quick

methods may seem practical

in the short term but can be extremely

costly despite being someone

else’s responsibility.




UK CLUB



BAD PRACTICE

Records of tests not maintained

Batteries poorly maintained andshowing signs of leakage and

corrosion

Risk of batteries failing whenrequired

GOOD PRACTICE

Tested weekly andrecorded

Electrolyte levelsmaintained

Located secure andprotected from the

weather

PPE available for testingand handling batteries

EMERGENCY BATTERIES

✓

✓

✗

✗

✗

As part of the ship’s safety

equipment emergency batteries

must be checked as per ISM.

✓

✓






UK CLUB



OIL TANK VENTILATORS

In the event of

a spill, it is important

to be able to identify

the overflowing tank

immediately.BAD PRACTICE

Label in poor andunreadable condition

Label would beobscured in the event

of a spill overflowing

the save-all

Potential delay inrecognising source of a

spill

GOOD PRACTICE

Clear labelling in goodcondition

Labels located clear ofoil in the event of a spill

Vents colour-coded

✓

✓

✗

✗

✓

✗




UK CLUB



GOOD PRACTICE

Product data sheetsdisplayed

Protective equipmentand eye wash readily

available

Organised and securestow

CHEMICAL STORAGE

BAD PRACTICE

No protectiveequipment or product

data sheets

Poor labelling andorganisation of

chemicals

Careless stow is ahazard

✓

✓

✗

✗

✗

✓

All chemicals should

be easily identifiable and handling

information available.




UK CLUB



BAD PRACTICE

No torch located nextto starting instructions

Instructions ofinappropriate size,

clarity and location

Danger to ship andcrew in an emergency

GOOD PRACTICE

Clear instructions bycontrol panel

Written in languages ofship’s crew

Torch located byinstructions

EMERGENCY GENERATORSTARTING INSTRUCTIONS

✓

✓

✗

✗

✗



Any action to

aid a speedy start of the

generator in an emergency

is a good practice.

✓

For further information please contact: Loss Prevention Department, Thomas Miller P&I Ltd

Tel: +44 20 7204 2307. Fax +44 20 7283 6517. Email: [email protected]


It’s your ship and equipment – look after

them and they will look after you

BAD PRACTICE

cargo not secured toprevent movement in

adverse weather

No dunnage betweencargo and ship’s hold

High risk of loss ofreputation

GOOD PRACTICE

Cargo well-braced andsecured

Dunnage protectionfrom condensation

Controlling the risk ofcargo shifting

CARGO STOWAGE – STEEL COILS

✓

✗

✗

✓It is the duty

cargo officer’s responsibility

to ensure cargo is loaded correctly,

and the chief officer informed of any poor

stowages. Stevedores should be put

on notice when cargo is not

stowed correctly.

✗

✓






GOOD PRACTICE

Good protection fromthe weather

Good-condition netsand lashings securing

the awnings

Good outturn of cargowith no claims

BAD PRACTICE

High value kiln-driedtimber cargo with

inadequate protection

Water damage (despiteclear label ‘avoid

wetting’)

Expensive claim / loss ofreputation

TIMBER DECK CARGO

✓

✗

✗

✓

✓

✗



Certain types

of timber are high value cargo.

Timber is sensitive to staining and

salt contamination, and large claims

have resulted from inadequate

weather protection.






GOOD PRACTICE

Good lashing systemsand use of dunnage

Adequate spacebetween vehicles

Cargo stowed andcarried safely

BAD PRACTICE

Coaches lashed in onedirection

Vehicles lashed withtwine

High risk of damage tovehicles

Lashing obstructingcrew access ladder

CARGO – VEHICLES

✓

✓

✗

✗

✓

Vehicles moving

on deck in severe weather

can cause substantial damage,

and be potentially dangerous

to the ship’s crew.

✗

✗






BAD PRACTICE

Containers in poorcondition

Doors bulging – heldtogether with wire

Risk of stow collapsinginside container and

loss of cargo overboard

GOOD PRACTICE

Containers in goodcondition

Container doors closedand secure

Effective lashing system

CARGO – CONTAINERS

✓

✓

✓

✗

✗

✗

Cargo should not

be accepted in this condition.

Cargo like this causes incidents

and claims for which the ship

may be liable.






BAD PRACTICE

Heavy wastage of steelon securing device

Strength of lashingseverly reduced

Hook deformed

GOOD PRACTICE

All lashing devices ingood condition

Lashings wellmaintained

Excellent lashingarrangement

CONTAINER LASHING RODS

✗

✓

✓

✓

✗



✗

All components must

be in place for a certified lashing

system to be effective. Defective

equipment must be replaced as

soon as found.






BAD PRACTICE

Standing on outboardrails to check lashings

Dangerous acts like thisshould not be allowed

Risk of falling downhatch

GOOD PRACTICE

Safe access used

PPE worn – safe ship

Planning andteamwork involved in

cargo operations

CARGO – LASHING CONTAINERS SAFELY

✓

✓

✓

✗

✗

✗

Ship design is not

always ideal in allowing for

the safest method of operations.

But safety first – shortcuts

must not be taken.






BAD PRACTICE

Ladder unsafelywedged in rail

Standing unsafely withfeet on top rungs of

ladder

Danger of injury tocrew

GOOD PRACTICE

Stage rigged forchecking reefer units

Safe method ofperforming daily task

Reefers stowed at lowlevels

LOCAL TEMPERATURE READINGS OF REEFER CONTAINER UNITS

✓

✓

✓

✗

✗

✗

The design of

container ships can make work

hazardous. It is essential that hazards

are identifed and remedied, for

crew safety.






BAD PRACTICE

Insulation breakdown

Poor hatch rubber seal

Paintwork peeling dueto poor adhesion

Risk of contaminationto reefer cargo

✗

✗

✗

GOOD PRACTICE

Insulation intact

Rubber seal okay

No ice formation causedby leaking hatch lid or

poor insulation

REEFER HATCH SEALS

✓

✓

✓

✓

✗

Cargo claims

has always been one of the

biggest costs to the UK Club and the

cause in many cases is leaking

hatchcovers.






BAD PRACTICE

Bags split and spilling

Bags stowed on endand liable to split

Increased cargo hatchcleaning

High risk of cargoshortage and loss of

reputation

GOOD PRACTICE

Holds lined with paper

No broken or leakingbags

All bags stowed flat

✓

✓

✗

CARGO – BAGGED SUGAR

✗

✗

✓

✗

It is wise to

ensure stevedores take

care when loading/discharging

bagged cargo: carelessness can

result in split bags and large

shortages.






GOOD PRACTICE

Wood and rubbersupports on cradle

Good securing and qualitylashing equipment

Weather protection overwheelhouse

BAD PRACTICE

Paper is the onlyprotection between the

steel cradle and

fibreglass hull

Minimal lashing andsecuring

Risk of damage to boat’sfibreglass hull

CARGO – BOATS ON DECK

✓

✗

✗

✓

✓

✗

Special attention

should be paid as to how the hull

of a boat is going to be supported when

carried on deck, and adequate

lashing is essential.






GOOD PRACTICE

Compact, safe stow ofreefer boxes

Undamaged andhomogenous stows

Secure binding andstraps in place

BAD PRACTICE

Loose stow of boxes onpallets

Some pallet loads nothomogenous

Some pallets missingbindings or straps

Boxes opened /broached cargo

✗

✗

✓

REEFER CARGO – PALLETISED

✓

✓

✗



✗

Palletised stows can

be very efficient, but if pallets are

not loaded with a level top, then a stow

can easily collapse in transit and

damage lots of cargo.






GOOD PRACTICE

Buoyancy aid worn andother safety equipment

Work permit andsupervision

Safe and happy ship

BAD PRACTICE

No buoyancy aid

Unsafe workingpractice

✗

✓

WEARING BUOYANCY AIDS

✓

✗

✓

✗

If crew

are allowed to work

without taking safety measures,

then incidents are

likely.






GOOD PRACTICE

Correct gangwayequipment in use

Safety signs, rails, safesteps

Safe access to and fromship

BAD PRACTICE

High risk of personalinjury jumping from ship

top rail on to deck

Risk of falling betweenship and quay

SAFE ACCESS

✓

✗

✓

✗

✓

Boarding

should only be made by

approved means. Shortcuts

are dangerous and claim

lives.






BAD PRACTICE

Crew in dangerouspositions

Poor training and badpractice

No safety line,buoyancy aid or

lifejacket in use

GOOD PRACTICE

Crew working togethersensibly

Crew safe at all times

Correct PPE worn

RIGGING THE GANGWAY BROW

✓

✓

✗

✗

✗

✓

Many serious incidents

occur during mooring operations. Crew

who fall between the ship and the quay

are rarely recovered alive.






BAD PRACTICE

Line fitted to lifebuoyas well as a light

Light not secured inbracket

Name and port ofregistry lettering in

poor condition

GOOD PRACTICE

Lifebuoy correctly rigged

Lifebuoy clean andlettering visible

Light properly secured inbracket

Lifebuoy complete withperry-line

RIGGING OF LIFEBUOYS

✗

✗

✗

✓

✓

✓

✓

The ship’s

lifebuoys should comply

with the safety plan which is

approved by the classification

society. Ship staff should not

add other items to

lifebuoys.






GOOD PRACTICE

Flashback arrestorfitted correctly

Gauges and arrestor ingood working order

Safety for crew fromfire and explosion

BAD PRACTICE

No flashback arrestorsfitted

Risk of fire andexplosion

Danger to crew whenequipment in use

GAS BOTTLE FLASHBACK ARRESTORS

✓

✓✓✓✓✓

✗

✗

✗

✓

✓

✓✓✓✓✓Many explosions

involving gas bottles are caused

as a result of flashback arrestors

not being fitted or not working

correctly






GOOD PRACTICE

Safety equipment andPPE

Supervision andteamwork

Enclosed space entryform completed at site

of entry

Actual oxygen and gasreadings entered on

form

BAD PRACTICE

Entry point not manned orguarded

Permit completed on officecomputer

No oxygen or gas readingstaken

Open access – risk of seriousfall

ENCLOSED SPACE ENTRY

✓

✓

✗

✗

✗

✓

✓



Enclosed space

entry procedures are generally

well understood, but very often

taken for granted, costing

lives every day.

✗






BAD PRACTICE

Change in deck levelnot highlighted

Decks and steps thesame colour

Trip and fall hazard

CHANGE IN DECK LEVEL

GOOD PRACTICE

Each step clearlyhighlighted

Highlights visible fromlower and top

Safe movement aroundthe ship

✓

✓

✗

✗

✓

✗

Those who are

carrying goods, new to the ship,

complacent or just plain tired are at

a hightened risk of serious injury from

trips or falls at a change in

deck level.






GOOD PRACTICE

Officers ensure lightsare on when necessary

Bright halogen lampslighting deck

deck painted in a lightcolour paint

BAD PRACTICE

Inadequate lightingduring darkness

Dangerous workingenvironment

Risk of serious incident

LIGHTING ON DECK

✓

✓

✗

✗

✗

✓

Any crewmember

who finds the deck lights have not

been switched on when necessary has

a duty to inform a responsible

person on board






GOOD PRACTICE

Bunkering commencesonce excess water

removed

Pollution control

Bunker checklistcompleted

BAD PRACTICE

Savealls full of waterand decks awash

Risk of pollution

BUNKERING IN RAIN

✓

✓

✗

✗

✓



Scupper plugs

should temporarily be removed

under supervision to allow water to

drain off and then they should

be replaced.

uk pni posters 1-111

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Transcript of uk pni posters 1-111