16th International Scientific and Technical Conference

From Imagery to Map: Digital Photogrammetric Technologies

UAS data processing retrospective Smirnov Alexey

Technical Support Department, Racurs

November 2016, Agra, India

Contents

Early investigations

Investigations before 2000

Mechanical and analytic instruments for processing

Investigations after 2000

UAS reviews

Software reviews

Trends

FUTURE?

Early investigations

I.H.Lambert M.V.Lomonosov

"Perspectiva

Liber"

F.D. Arago A. Laussedat G. Tournachon

“Camera obscūra"

1759 1764 1840 1858 1860

The proposal

to use “Camera

obscūra"

The proposal

to use images to

create

topographic maps

First aerial

survey from a manned

balloon

He performed

photo surveying

from a roof

of the high building

Photogrammetry – (in greece) photos – light,

gramma – recording, metrio – measurement

Early investigations

A. Batut J. G.Neubronner

Using aerial

kites

A. Maul

1888 1903 1904

Using

Pigeons Using rockets

Early investigations in Russia

A.M. Kovanko

1886

Using box-kites

Saint-Petersburg 1886

S.A. Ulyanin

1908

Camera with a sail to lift

on a kite

First mechanical instruments for processing

K. Pulfrich

Stereocomparator

E.Orel E.Orel

1901 1909 1914

Stereoautograph Stereoautograph improved Stereometr

1932

F.V.Drobyshev

Investigations before 2000

C.F. Kettering N. Tesla

Using first radio-

controlled UAV

1910 1898

Using UAV controlled

by clockwork

Using reusable radio-controlled UAV

United Kingdom

1933

Investigations before 2000

LA-17

1987 TU-243

1950

Mechanical and analytic instruments for processing

Rectifier FTM (SEG-4)

1946 1954

1998

Stereoprojector SPR-2

1953

Stereocomparator (Steko 1818)

Leica SD-2000

Investigations after 2000, UAS types

Aircrafts

Multicopters Helicopters

UAS weight, size and shape

Flying wing

Fuselage

< 30 kg

< 10 kg

UAS weight and shape

4 rotors 8 rotors 6 rotors

1 upper rotor 2 upper rotors

Light

Heavy

Ptero (Russia)

2004 2009

2015

Ptero E3 Ptero E4

Ptero G0

Finko (Russia)

2010 2011

2012 SUPERCAM 240 SUPERCAM 250

SUPERCAM 350

Sensfly (Switzerland)

2009 2013

2016

Swinglet CAM eBee

eBee RTK

Trimble (USA)

2010 2014

2016

Gatewing X100 Trimble UX5

Trimble UX5 HP

UAS reviews

Aircraft UAS usage in Russia Aircraft UAS usage in other world

Helicopter UAS Multicopter UAS

Software

1994

2011

2008 1980

2012

2013

1995

2003

INPHO,

Trimble, USA

PHOTOMOD,

Racurs, Russia

EnsoMOSAIC

Fusion, MosaicMill,

Finland

Pix4Dmapper,

Pix4D, Switzerland

Correlator3D,

SimActive, Canada

APS, Menci

Software, Italy

PhotoScan,

Agisoft, Russia

DroneDeploy,

DroneDeploy, USA

Orbit UAS

Mapping, Orbit GeoSpatial

Technologies,

Belgium

2002

ContextCapture,

Bentley, USA 2011

Software reviews

INPHO UAS master

PIX4DMapper PhotoScan

PHOTOMOD UAS

Phototriangulation

Point cloud

Area correlators

Feature Based

correlators

Block scheme

Point and shoot

camera

SLR Industrial camera

Cameras

Humidity

Temperature

Wind speed during surveying

External factors and conditions of aerial survey

Technical problems with UAS data

Image quality: blur,

speckle, defocusing, incorrect auto exposure

Consumer camera: absence of a laboratory

calibration, focal-plane shutter, an incomplete set of manual settings

Distortion plot (typical case)

Problems of photogrammetric processing

Incorrect aerial surveying

Problems of photogrammetric processing

Incorrect camera operation

Output products

DSM

Orthophotoplan

Processing accuracy

can be up to 1-2 pix GSD

Output products

Point cloud

Raster 3D model

Vector 3D model

Stereovectorization

Business Product

1

4

2

3

Enterprise GIS

system

Aerial Survey

Data processing

Result introduction Result interpretation

Trends

5

FUTURE?

Full automatic batch process

without human intervention

Сontrol and management of processing

results with a full virtual human presence

Special thanks

N. Vorobyova, Finko, Izhevsk, Russia

V. Kuznetsov, Gazprom Space Systems, Korolev, Russia

V. Kurkov, MIIGiK, Moscow, Russia

P. Kruglova, Photometr, Moscow, Russia

G. Bozhchenko, GPSCom, Moscow, Russia

D. Gryadunov, AFM-Servers, Moscow, Russia

N. Volgusheva, Geoscan, S.Petersburg, Russia

Thank you for attention