U. S. Department of the Interior U. S. Geological Survey LDCM Landsat Data Continuity Mission UND...
-
Upload
scot-perkins -
Category
Documents
-
view
218 -
download
0
Transcript of U. S. Department of the Interior U. S. Geological Survey LDCM Landsat Data Continuity Mission UND...
U. S. Department of the InteriorU. S. Geological Survey
LDCMLandsat Data Continuity Mission
UND Space Studies ColloquiumJon Christopherson
Principal Engineer, SAICUSGS EROS Data Center
Introduction
NASA and USGS partners for LDCM Now in Evaluation/Selection Phase Announcements have been delayed
Originally to have been May 2003 Now will be ???
This necessarily limits this presentation
CMIS
VIIRS
CrIS
ATMS
ERBSOMPS
NPOESS 1330 Configuration
CMIS
VIIRS
CrIS
ATMS
ERBSOMPS
CMIS
VIIRS
CrIS
ATMS
ERBSOMPS
NPOESS 1330 Configuration
U. S. Department of the InteriorU. S. Geological Survey
The Landsat Data Continuity Mission - Continuation of the Landsat ProgramBruce K. Quirk and Raymond A. Byrnes
- Presented by Jon B. Christopherson
ASPRS Conference
Technology: Converging at the Top of the World
May 5-9, 2003
Anchorage, AK
Resolution Comparison
1 Kilometer Resolution
Advanced Very-High Resolution Radiometer
State and coast lines added for visual reference. Note: Hurricane Andrew (8/24/92) passing over Florida.
*AVHRR imagery is provided by NOAA
IKONOS imagery is provided by Space Imaging Inc.
30 Meter Resolution
Landsat 7 Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus
1 Meter Resolution
IKONOS Panchromatic
1966 DOI Earth Resources Observation Systems Program initiated 1972 L1 launched (RBV/MSS) 1975 L2 launched (RBV/MSS) 1978 L3 launched (MSS)
1982 L4 launched (TM/MSS) 1984 L5 launched (TM/MSS) 1985 Commercial operator selected
Operate L4/5 & build/operate Landsat 6/7 1989 Commercial viability of L7 rejected
1992 Land Remote Sensing Policy Act Commercial operation of L4/5/6 NASA/DOD to build/operate Landsat 7 Landsat Program Management (LPM) Team
1993 Landsat 6 launch failure (ETM) 1994 LPM redefined (NASA/NOAA/USGS) 1999 L7 launched (ETM+) on April 15 2000 LPM redefined (NASA/USGS) 2000 L7 Flight operations assumed by USGS 2001 L4/L5 returned to Govt.; L4 decommissioned 2003 4 years of global L7 data acquisitions
Landsat Program History
Thematic Mapper(TM)
Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM+)
Enhanced Thematic Mapper (ETM)
Multi-SpectralScanner (MSS)
Global mission Global archive Open data policy Govt. owned &
operated Int. cooperators ETM+ 5 year mission Launched 4/15/99
Landsat 7 EO-1 LDCM Technology demo 5000+ scenes Open data policy Govt. owned & operated Bridge mission ALI (ETM+ follow on) 1 year mission Launched 11/21/00
Global mission Global archive Open data policy Data buy Int. cooperators ALI+ (ALI follow on) 5 year mission + option Launch 2006
Landsat Evolution
Landsat 5
Landsat 7
LDCM
1998 2002 2006
Projected end ofLandsat 7 mission
(2011)
EO-1
Guesstimated end ofLandsat 5 mission
(2009)
Landsat Program Background The Landsat Program has continuously acquired
synoptic images of the Earth’s land surfaces for 30 years
DOI/USGS preserves this record in the National Satellite Land Remote Sensing Data Archive and distributes public-domain data to users worldwide
Landsat Program vision: Acquire multispectral imagery affording global,
synoptic, repetitive coverage of the Earth's land surfaces at a scale where natural and human-induced changes can be detected, characterized, and monitored over time
Rodeo-Chediski Wildfires
Landsat 7 June 21, 2002
Landsat 5 June 29, 2002
Landsat 7 July 7, 2002
These images show the Rodeo fire, which began on June 18th, and the Chediski fire which began on June 20th. When they merged together, the combined Rodeo-Chediski fire became the largest wildfire in Arizona history.
Together these wildfires have destroyed over 468,000 acres in the Apache-Sitgreaves National Forest and Fort Apache reservation. 400 homes have been destroyed, and over 30,000 people have been evacuated. It has cost the state of Arizona more than $2 million a day, a total of over $32 million, to fight the Rodeo-Chediski fire.
10 km
10 miles
Landsat Program BackgroundLand Remote Sensing Policy Act of 1992 (P.L. 102-555)
Directs Landsat Program Management (NASA/DOI) to study Landsat 7 successor options that:
“adequately serve the civilian, national security, commercial, and foreign policy interests of the United States”
“maintain data continuity with the Landsat system” “incorporate system enhancements…”
Lists four study options: Private sector funding and management International consortium U.S. Government funding and management U.S. Government-private sector cooperative effort
Landsat Program Background
Commercial Space Act of 1998 (P.L. 105-303)
Addresses “Promotion of Commercial Space Opportunities” including commercialization of Space Station, acquisition of space science data and Earth science data, and commercial launch services
Directs NASA and other Federal agencies to “…acquire, where
cost-effective…remote sensing data, services, distribution, and applications from commercial provider.”
Landsat Data Continuity Mission (LDCM) was conceived as a bridge to true Government “scientific data buys” in the future
LDCM Background
In June 1999, NASA and the USGS released a request for information (RFI) to private industry regarding plans to acquire Landsat-like data
Results: No respondent considered the commercial market for
30m data sufficient for private funding of a Landsat 7 follow-on system
No respondent had plans to develop a system to acquire 30m data
Respondents favored Government procurement of 30m data from a privately-owned system
Innovative funding strategies were suggested
LDCM Strategy NASA and the USGS intend to procure LDCM data from
a privately-owned and privately-operated remote sensing system
NASA and the USGS are implementing a two-phase procurement process based on an LDCM Data Specification and Data Policy
Phase I: Formulation “Study phase” for various technical and trade studies Two bidders selected for funding: Digital Globe and Resource 21
(DG and R21) Culminated in preliminary system design
Phase II: Implementation Selection of LDCM contractor through new round of proposals Final design, fabrication, launch, and checkout On-orbit data delivery
Procurement Strategy The procurement DOES NOT
Specify spacecraft, instrument(s), ground system, or operational concepts or designs
Require Government oversight Require the Government to “take title” to the system Require the Government to operate the system
The procurement DOES Specify data and its delivery to the Government’s archives Establish a policy for the distribution of LDCM data products Specify March 2007 start date for 5 years of operational data
delivery (plus 5-year option) Require Government insight and data validation Encourage commercial approaches for servicing the International
Cooperator market Facilitate sharing of cost, risk, and rewards in a Government-
private sector cooperative effort
LDCM Data LDCM data are described by the LDCM Data Specification
Specifies the quantity and qualities of the LDCM data to be procured by the Government (radiometry, geometry, products, bands, resolution)
Specifies seasonal coverage of global land surfaces 16 day repeat coverage required for U.S. 250 global scenes per day (average) to an active archive at the USGS EROS
Data Center Addition of a Coastal / Aerosol band (.443 m and 30m GSD)
and Cirrus band (1.33 m or 1.88 m and 120m GSD) No Thermal Infrared bands included Unenhanced data products to be derived and distributed by
the USGS from the LDCM data in the active archive
Landsat 7 vs. LDCM Band Comparison
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5
Wavelength in Micrometers (µm)
Pan Band (0.52 - 0.9)
Sharpening (0.5 - 0.68)
Coastal (0.433 - 0.453)
Band 1 (0.45 - 0.515)
Blue (0.45 - 0.515)
Band 2 (0.525 - 0.605)
Green (0.525 - 0.6)
Band 3 (0.63 - 0.69)
Red (0.63 - 0.68)
Band 4 (0.75 - 0.9)
NIR (0.845 - 0.885)
Band 5 (1.55 - 1.75)
SWIR 1 (1.56 - 1.66)
Band 7 (2.09 - 2.35)
SWIR 2 (2.1 - 2.3)
Cirrus (1.36 - 1.39) or (1.835 - 1.915)
Visible Light
10 12 14
Band 6 (10.4 – 12.5) Landsat 7LDCM
Draft Data Policy Similar to Landsat 7 data policy
Ensures non-discriminatory access to Level 1 data products derived from Government-procured LDCM data
No restrictions on the use, resale, distribution or sharing of LDCM data products Timely delivery Data product pricing is critical issue; striving towards $50/scene products
Distribution of Level 0 data products may be restricted Protects LDCM contractor’s commercial rights to data exceeding
quantity or specifications of the procured LDCM data. Government will not restrict:
Value-added products derived from LDCM data Marketing of data acquired and generated in excess of Government data buy
“Native” Sensor Data(high resolution, extra commercial bands, etc.)
DerivedLDCM Data
USGS/EDC LDCM Contractor
End Users, ValueAdded Resellers, Int’l
Cooperators
Commercial and Value Added LDCM
Products (All Rights Reserved)
LDCM L1 Data Products
(Public Domain: No Rights Reserved)
All Sensor Data
250 ScenesPer Day
LDCM Data Policy
DigitalGlobe OverviewBusiness Approach
Complements existing QuickBird hi-res business
Wide-area coverage, frequent revisits & additional spectral bands
Augments QuickBird and SPOT in supporting world-wide agricultural market
Also supports environmental monitoring, disaster relief, etc.
Space Segment Overview “M5” system
4 satellite constellation Multispectral
7.5m resolution– Off-nadir capability
185km swath width Constellation operational Q3
2007
Team
Syste
m
Concept
DigitalGlobe M5Satellite Concept
Resource21 Overview
Space Segment Overview 1 or more satellites Multispectral
5+ bands 10m/20m resolution
International Cooperator support
Team
MississippiCPF
Fairbanks RGT
Bangor RGT
EDC
Kent, WABCCF
Syste
m
Concept
Business ApproachCentral Processing Facility
DEALER
GROWER
Complementary Markets (Government
and other Customers)
Multi-spectralSatellites
BlueGreenRedNIRSWIROther
DataCollection
Data Download
Information Productsto Customers
Two Step Procurement
2002 2003 2004
Formulation ImplementationRFPRFP
Digital Globe
Implementation ContractorResource 21 RFPRFP
TBD 3rd Party ?
LDCM Schedule
Formulation Phase Contracts Awarded March 2002 Preliminary Design Reviews Due November 2002 Implementation Phase RFP Release December
2002 Preceded by a draft release Oct. 2002
Implementation Phase Proposals Due February 2003 Implementation Phase Award June 2003 Satellite Launch Late 2006 LDCM Data Delivery Begins March 2007
Summary
LDCM is on schedule for a late 2006 launch Selected Resource21 and DigitalGlobe for
Formulation Phase Reviewing Implementation Phase proposals For detailed information and reference
documents, see:
http://ldcm.nasa.gov
http://ldcm.usgs.gov
U. S. Department of the InteriorU. S. Geological Survey
End of “Official” Presentation
Now some questions……
What Does the Gov’t Want?
Solicitation Objectives:1. Implement a process to acquire Landsat
compatible data and produce products required to meet the research and operational needs of the Government.
2. Reduce the Government’s cost and risk by partnering
3. Encourage the expansion of the remote sensing industry
4. Fulfill these objectives through the Government’s procurement from an Industry-owned system
Criteria
(In decreasing importance:)
Mission Suitability > Price > Past Performance
The price factor is significantly less important that the combined importance of the Mission Suitability Factor and the Past Performance Factor.
As individual Factors, the Price Factor is less important that the Mission Suitability Factor but more important than the Past Performance Factor.
Risks
Upside: Each side “shares” risk? Contractor can get insurance, i.e. risk
mitigation for both sides? Downsides
Now gov’t has to deal with business risk – not just technical risk
(Will the company be there?)
The “Hard Questions”
Is it “Continuity”? Missing/changed/added spectral bands Perhaps it is “continuity”, although not
perfect “fidelity” Can both sides benefit?
Will gov’t (i.e. constituents) get all the data wanted?
Will Business still have profit potential? How closely can they work together?
The International Scene
Landsat has a
The International Scene
Landsat has a huge network of International Cooperators (ICs)
A long-lived partnership in space since 1972!
LDCM very noncommittal on ICs Will gov’t abandon this long-running
international relations coup? Will industry support it?
Is There a Market?
Market has never been there for 30m data, still not there. But that’s what the gov’t wants
Both formulation phase vendors proposed significant technological advances to improve data marketability. Those technical advances increase
complexity, add technical challenges, increase costs and raise risks.
The Big Question:
Will the Landsat Mission ever find a home? Or will it forever be a “nomad” mission?
Answers?
USGS Director and NASA Administrator for Earth Science to meet soon (Delayed by Isabela)
Decision coming soon? Stay tuned….
Questions?