Types of Pipes Definition Use/s Drawing/ Illustrations1. PVC (Polyvinyl Chloride)

Made from a plastic and vinyl combination material. The pipes are durable, hard to damage, and long lasting. They do not rust, rot, or wear over time. For that reason, PVC piping is most commonly used in water systems, underground wiring, and sewer lines.

It is most commonly used for irrigation piping, home, and building supply piping. PVC is also very common in pool and spa systems. PVC is often white but it can also come in a wide variety of colors.

2.CPVC (Chlorinated Polyvinyl Chloride)

CPVC pipe is produced from a specialty blend of CPVC material with unique physical properties desirable for piping applications

This type of pipe can stand temperatures up to about 180 degrees (this depends on the schedule) or so and can be used for hot and cold water inside of a house or mobile home.

3. PEX (Cross-linked polyethylene or XLPEl)

One of the most flexible and easy to use plumbing and radiant heating systems on the market today.

It is commonly used for hot and cold water in homes and as hydronic heating due to its resistance to hot and cold temperatures. PEX is widely used now for its competitive pricing, ease of use, and the long rolls of piping that it can come in.

4. Copper Pipe Copper pipe is almost pure copper manufactured to the requirements of ASTM B 42

This type of pipe is mostly used for hot and cold water distribution as well as being regularly used in HVAC systems for refrigerant lines. Copper piping works in both underground and aboveground applications, but copper can be affected by some soils and should be sleeved if used underground.

5. Galvanized pipe Galvanized pipe has been coated with a layer of zinc. The zinc provides a barrier against corrosion so that the pipe may be exposed to the outdoor environmental elements. The protective barrier proves equally effective against damage from indoor humidity.

This galvanized coating keeps the water from eating up the pipe. Because of the amount of work that goes into cutting, threading, and installing galvanized pipe it is not used in homes very often any more. Galvanized pipe is still considered a safe transport for drinking water and is still seen in larger commercial applications for water distribution

Moment of InertiaMoment of inertia can be expressed asI  = π (do

4 - di4) / 64

   ≈ 0.0491 (do4 - di

4)          (1)whereI = moment of inertia (in4)do = outside diameter (in)di = inside diameter (in)

Section ModulusSection modulus can be expressed asZ  = 0.0982 (do

4 - di4) / do         (2)

whereZ = section modulus (in3)

Transverse Metal AreaTransverse metal area can be expressed asAm  = π (do

2 - di2) / 4            (3)

whereAm = transverse metal area (in2)

External Pipe SurfaceExternal pipe or tube surface per ft of length can be expressed as

Ao  = π do / 12             (4)Where Ao = external  pipe surface area (ft2 per ft pipe)

Internal Pipe SurfaceInternal pipe or tube surface per ft of length can be expressed asAi  = π di / 12         (5)whereAi = internal  pipe surface area (ft2 per ft pipe)

Transverse Internal AreaTransverse internal area can be expressed asAa  = 0.7854 di

2             (6)whereAa = transverse internal area (in2)

Circumference ExternalExternal circumference can be expressed asCe  = π do          (7)whereCe =  external circumference (in)

Circumference InternalInternal circumference can be expressed asCi  = π di              (8)whereCi =  internal circumference (in)